"ἄφθα" meaning in Ancient Greek

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "aphtha",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: aphtha",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: aphtha"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "aphte",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ French: aphte",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ French: aphte"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "Aphthe",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ German: Aphthe",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ German: Aphthe"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "el",
            "2": "άφθα",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Greek: άφθα (áftha)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Greek: άφθα (áftha)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "afta",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Italian: afta",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Italian: afta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pt",
            "2": "afta",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Portuguese: afta",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Portuguese: afta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ro",
            "2": "aftă",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Romanian: aftă",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Romanian: aftă"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "arc",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Aramaic",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tmr",
        "2": "אַפְצָא",
        "tr": "ʾap̄ṣā"
      },
      "expansion": "Jewish Babylonian Aramaic אַפְצָא (ʾap̄ṣā)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "syc",
        "2": "ܐܱܦܨܳܐ",
        "t": "oakgalls",
        "tr": "ʾap̄ṣā"
      },
      "expansion": "Classical Syriac ܐܱܦܨܳܐ (ʾap̄ṣā, “oakgalls”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "he-mis",
        "2": "אָפַץ",
        "tr": "ʾāp̄aṣ"
      },
      "expansion": "Mishnaic Hebrew אָפַץ (ʾāp̄aṣ)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "A term first attested in Hippokrates, with doubt connected to ἅπτω (háptō, “to burn or to fasten, join”). Possibly a technical loan with physicians from Aramaic with emphatic state ending, later attested only in one particular meaning in Jewish Babylonian Aramaic אַפְצָא (ʾap̄ṣā), Classical Syriac ܐܱܦܨܳܐ (ʾap̄ṣā, “oakgalls”), verb אֲפַץ (ʾap̄aṣ, “to dress with gallnut juice”), but more generally Mishnaic Hebrew אָפַץ (ʾāp̄aṣ), אָפַס (ʾāp̄as, “to press, to squeeze”). ἀψίς (apsís), ἁψίς (hapsís, “net, mesh; bow”) is also only doubtingly derived from ἅπτω (háptō, “to fasten, join”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ἄφθᾰ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "áphtha",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἄφθης",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "First declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἡ ᾰ̓́φθᾰ",
      "roman": "hē áphtha",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ ᾰ̓́φθᾱ",
      "roman": "tṑ áphthā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "αἱ ᾰ̓́φθαι",
      "roman": "hai áphthai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῆς ᾰ̓́φθης",
      "roman": "tês áphthēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν ᾰ̓́φθαιν",
      "roman": "toîn áphthain",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῶν ᾰ̓φθῶν",
      "roman": "tôn aphthôn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῇ ᾰ̓́φθῃ",
      "roman": "têi áphthēi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν ᾰ̓́φθαιν",
      "roman": "toîn áphthain",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ταῖς ᾰ̓́φθαις",
      "roman": "taîs áphthais",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὴν ᾰ̓́φθᾰν",
      "roman": "tḕn áphthan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ ᾰ̓́φθᾱ",
      "roman": "tṑ áphthā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾱ̀ς ᾰ̓́φθᾱς",
      "roman": "tā̀s áphthās",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̓́φθᾰ",
      "roman": "áphtha",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̓́φθᾱ",
      "roman": "áphthā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̓́φθαι",
      "roman": "áphthai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ἄφθᾰ",
        "2": "ἄφθης",
        "3": "f",
        "4": "first"
      },
      "expansion": "ἄφθᾰ • (áphtha) f (genitive ἄφθης); first declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ᾰ̓́φθᾰ",
        "2": "ης"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the first declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "grc",
          "name": "Pathology",
          "orig": "grc:Pathology",
          "parents": [
            "Medicine",
            "Biology",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "roman": "aphthṓdēs",
          "word": "ἀφθώδης"
        },
        {
          "roman": "aphtháō",
          "word": "ἀφθᾰ́ω"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "aphtha, mouth ulcer, thrush"
      ],
      "id": "en-ἄφθα-grc-noun-ePsrO-k-",
      "links": [
        [
          "pathology",
          "pathology"
        ],
        [
          "aphtha",
          "aphtha"
        ],
        [
          "mouth ulcer",
          "mouth ulcer"
        ],
        [
          "thrush",
          "thrush"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(pathology, chiefly in the plural) aphtha, mouth ulcer, thrush"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "in-plural"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "medicine",
        "pathology",
        "sciences"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Hippokrates"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ápʰ.tʰa/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈaɸ.θa/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈaf.θa/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ápʰ.tʰa/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈapʰ.tʰa/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈaɸ.θa/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈaf.θa/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈaf.θa/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ἄφθα"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "aphthṓdēs",
      "word": "ἀφθώδης"
    },
    {
      "roman": "aphtháō",
      "word": "ἀφθᾰ́ω"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "aphtha",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: aphtha",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: aphtha"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "aphte",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ French: aphte",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ French: aphte"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "Aphthe",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ German: Aphthe",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ German: Aphthe"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "el",
            "2": "άφθα",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Greek: άφθα (áftha)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Greek: άφθα (áftha)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "afta",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Italian: afta",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Italian: afta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pt",
            "2": "afta",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Portuguese: afta",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Portuguese: afta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ro",
            "2": "aftă",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Romanian: aftă",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Romanian: aftă"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "arc",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Aramaic",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tmr",
        "2": "אַפְצָא",
        "tr": "ʾap̄ṣā"
      },
      "expansion": "Jewish Babylonian Aramaic אַפְצָא (ʾap̄ṣā)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "syc",
        "2": "ܐܱܦܨܳܐ",
        "t": "oakgalls",
        "tr": "ʾap̄ṣā"
      },
      "expansion": "Classical Syriac ܐܱܦܨܳܐ (ʾap̄ṣā, “oakgalls”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "he-mis",
        "2": "אָפַץ",
        "tr": "ʾāp̄aṣ"
      },
      "expansion": "Mishnaic Hebrew אָפַץ (ʾāp̄aṣ)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "A term first attested in Hippokrates, with doubt connected to ἅπτω (háptō, “to burn or to fasten, join”). Possibly a technical loan with physicians from Aramaic with emphatic state ending, later attested only in one particular meaning in Jewish Babylonian Aramaic אַפְצָא (ʾap̄ṣā), Classical Syriac ܐܱܦܨܳܐ (ʾap̄ṣā, “oakgalls”), verb אֲפַץ (ʾap̄aṣ, “to dress with gallnut juice”), but more generally Mishnaic Hebrew אָפַץ (ʾāp̄aṣ), אָפַס (ʾāp̄as, “to press, to squeeze”). ἀψίς (apsís), ἁψίς (hapsís, “net, mesh; bow”) is also only doubtingly derived from ἅπτω (háptō, “to fasten, join”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ἄφθᾰ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "áphtha",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἄφθης",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "First declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἡ ᾰ̓́φθᾰ",
      "roman": "hē áphtha",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ ᾰ̓́φθᾱ",
      "roman": "tṑ áphthā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "αἱ ᾰ̓́φθαι",
      "roman": "hai áphthai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῆς ᾰ̓́φθης",
      "roman": "tês áphthēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν ᾰ̓́φθαιν",
      "roman": "toîn áphthain",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῶν ᾰ̓φθῶν",
      "roman": "tôn aphthôn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῇ ᾰ̓́φθῃ",
      "roman": "têi áphthēi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν ᾰ̓́φθαιν",
      "roman": "toîn áphthain",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ταῖς ᾰ̓́φθαις",
      "roman": "taîs áphthais",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὴν ᾰ̓́φθᾰν",
      "roman": "tḕn áphthan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ ᾰ̓́φθᾱ",
      "roman": "tṑ áphthā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾱ̀ς ᾰ̓́φθᾱς",
      "roman": "tā̀s áphthās",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̓́φθᾰ",
      "roman": "áphtha",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̓́φθᾱ",
      "roman": "áphthā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̓́φθαι",
      "roman": "áphthai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ἄφθᾰ",
        "2": "ἄφθης",
        "3": "f",
        "4": "first"
      },
      "expansion": "ἄφθᾰ • (áphtha) f (genitive ἄφθης); first declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ᾰ̓́φθᾰ",
        "2": "ης"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
        "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
        "Ancient Greek feminine nouns",
        "Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the first declension",
        "Ancient Greek first-declension nouns",
        "Ancient Greek lemmas",
        "Ancient Greek nouns",
        "Ancient Greek paroxytone terms",
        "Ancient Greek terms borrowed from Aramaic",
        "Ancient Greek terms derived from Aramaic",
        "Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
        "grc:Pathology"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "aphtha, mouth ulcer, thrush"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pathology",
          "pathology"
        ],
        [
          "aphtha",
          "aphtha"
        ],
        [
          "mouth ulcer",
          "mouth ulcer"
        ],
        [
          "thrush",
          "thrush"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(pathology, chiefly in the plural) aphtha, mouth ulcer, thrush"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "in-plural"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "medicine",
        "pathology",
        "sciences"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Hippokrates"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ápʰ.tʰa/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈaɸ.θa/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈaf.θa/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ápʰ.tʰa/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈapʰ.tʰa/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈaɸ.θa/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈaf.θa/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈaf.θa/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ἄφθα"
}