"ἀκόνιτον" meaning in Ancient Greek

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "syc",
            "2": "ܝܐܩܢܝܛܘܢ",
            "3": "ܩܘܢܝܛܘܢ",
            "bor": "1",
            "tr1": "yʔqnyṭwn",
            "tr2": "qwnyṭwn"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Classical Syriac: ܝܐܩܢܝܛܘܢ (yʔqnyṭwn), ܩܘܢܝܛܘܢ (qwnyṭwn)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Classical Syriac: ܝܐܩܢܝܛܘܢ (yʔqnyṭwn), ܩܘܢܝܛܘܢ (qwnyṭwn)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "la",
            "2": "aconītum",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Latin: aconītum",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Latin: aconītum (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xcl",
            "2": "ակոնիտոն",
            "3": "ակոնիտովն",
            "4": "անկոնիտովն",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Old Armenian: ակոնիտոն (akoniton), ակոնիտովն (akonitovn), անկոնիտովն (ankonitovn)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Old Armenian: ակոնիտոն (akoniton), ակոնիտովն (akonitovn), անկոնիտովն (ankonitovn)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "oge",
            "2": "აკონიტონი",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Old Georgian: აკონიტონი (aḳoniṭoni)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Old Georgian: აკონიტონი (aḳoniṭoni)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Derived from ᾰ̓κόνῑτος (akónītos, “without struggle, without force or fight”, literally “without dust”). This originates from the privative prefix ἀ- (a-, “without”) and the verb κονίω (koníō, “to roll into the dust, to sprinkle or cover with dust”), or metaphorically \"to prepare for combat.\" The root word κόνις (kónis) refers to \"dust.\"\nWhile it may be tempting to interpret akónītos as \"invincible\" due to its deadly nature, this would be incorrect. A more accurate interpretation suggests that the herb renders one powerless, unable to fight back, leading to a metaphorical 'biting of the dust' at the very spot where it is encountered. This explanation aligns with the semantic attributes uniquely associated with this phytonym.\nCompare further the semantics of φθορά (phthorá) in Greek and phthora in Latin, which carry meanings of \"destruction,\" \"death,\" \"passing out of existence,\" \"loss,\" \"damage,\" and even \"seduction,\" \"rape,\" \"miscarriage,\" or \"abortion.\" These terms denote the same species in different languages, such as modern Spanish tuera, and refer to other poisonous plants in the ranunculaceous family. The form antiphthora and variations like antithora and anthora are similarly formed with privative meanings.\nFurther, terms like κώνειον (kṓneion, “hemlock”) and κονή (konḗ, “hemlock”) are derived in a similar manner, often referring to plants notorious for their lethal properties, and are frequently confused in regions where neither is native.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̓κόνῑτον",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akónīton",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̓κονῑ́του",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Second declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸ ᾰ̓κόνῑτον",
      "roman": "tò akónīton",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ ᾰ̓κονῑ́τω",
      "roman": "tṑ akonī́tō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰ̀ ᾰ̓κόνῑτᾰ",
      "roman": "tà akónīta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῦ ᾰ̓κονῑ́του",
      "roman": "toû akonī́tou",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν ᾰ̓κονῑ́τοιν",
      "roman": "toîn akonī́toin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῶν ᾰ̓κονῑ́των",
      "roman": "tôn akonī́tōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῷ ᾰ̓κονῑ́τῳ",
      "roman": "tôi akonī́tōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν ᾰ̓κονῑ́τοιν",
      "roman": "toîn akonī́toin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖς ᾰ̓κονῑ́τοις",
      "roman": "toîs akonī́tois",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸ ᾰ̓κόνῑτον",
      "roman": "tò akónīton",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ ᾰ̓κονῑ́τω",
      "roman": "tṑ akonī́tō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰ̀ ᾰ̓κόνῑτᾰ",
      "roman": "tà akónīta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̓κόνῑτον",
      "roman": "akónīton",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̓κονῑ́τω",
      "roman": "akonī́tō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̓κόνῑτᾰ",
      "roman": "akónīta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ᾰ̓κόνῑτον",
        "2": "ᾰ̓κονῑ́του",
        "3": "n",
        "4": "second"
      },
      "expansion": "ᾰ̓κόνῑτον • (akónīton) n (genitive ᾰ̓κονῑ́του); second declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ᾰ̓κόνῑτον",
        "2": "ου"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "48 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "49 51",
          "kind": "lifeform",
          "langcode": "grc",
          "name": "Buttercup family plants",
          "orig": "grc:Buttercup family plants",
          "parents": [
            "Ranunculales order plants",
            "Plants",
            "Lifeforms",
            "All topics",
            "Life",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nature"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "leopard's bane, Aconitum anthora"
      ],
      "id": "en-ἀκόνιτον-grc-noun-c80KV9y9",
      "links": [
        [
          "leopard's bane",
          "leopard's bane"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "48 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "49 51",
          "kind": "lifeform",
          "langcode": "grc",
          "name": "Buttercup family plants",
          "orig": "grc:Buttercup family plants",
          "parents": [
            "Ranunculales order plants",
            "Plants",
            "Lifeforms",
            "All topics",
            "Life",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nature"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "wolf's bane, Aconitum napellus"
      ],
      "id": "en-ἀκόνιτον-grc-noun-2l8dbcDr",
      "links": [
        [
          "wolf's bane",
          "wolf's bane"
        ],
        [
          "Aconitum napellus",
          "Aconitum napellus#Translingual"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/a.kó.niː.ton/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/aˈko.ni.ton/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/aˈko.ni.ton/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/a.kó.niː.ton/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/aˈko.ni.ton/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/aˈko.ni.ton/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/aˈko.ni.ton/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/aˈko.ni.ton/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ἀκόνιτον"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Ancient Greek 4-syllable words",
    "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
    "Ancient Greek lemmas",
    "Ancient Greek neuter nouns",
    "Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the second declension",
    "Ancient Greek nouns",
    "Ancient Greek proparoxytone terms",
    "Ancient Greek second-declension nouns",
    "Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "grc:Buttercup family plants"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "syc",
            "2": "ܝܐܩܢܝܛܘܢ",
            "3": "ܩܘܢܝܛܘܢ",
            "bor": "1",
            "tr1": "yʔqnyṭwn",
            "tr2": "qwnyṭwn"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Classical Syriac: ܝܐܩܢܝܛܘܢ (yʔqnyṭwn), ܩܘܢܝܛܘܢ (qwnyṭwn)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Classical Syriac: ܝܐܩܢܝܛܘܢ (yʔqnyṭwn), ܩܘܢܝܛܘܢ (qwnyṭwn)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "la",
            "2": "aconītum",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Latin: aconītum",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Latin: aconītum (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xcl",
            "2": "ակոնիտոն",
            "3": "ակոնիտովն",
            "4": "անկոնիտովն",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Old Armenian: ակոնիտոն (akoniton), ակոնիտովն (akonitovn), անկոնիտովն (ankonitovn)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Old Armenian: ակոնիտոն (akoniton), ակոնիտովն (akonitovn), անկոնիտովն (ankonitovn)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "oge",
            "2": "აკონიტონი",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Old Georgian: აკონიტონი (aḳoniṭoni)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Old Georgian: აკონიტონი (aḳoniṭoni)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Derived from ᾰ̓κόνῑτος (akónītos, “without struggle, without force or fight”, literally “without dust”). This originates from the privative prefix ἀ- (a-, “without”) and the verb κονίω (koníō, “to roll into the dust, to sprinkle or cover with dust”), or metaphorically \"to prepare for combat.\" The root word κόνις (kónis) refers to \"dust.\"\nWhile it may be tempting to interpret akónītos as \"invincible\" due to its deadly nature, this would be incorrect. A more accurate interpretation suggests that the herb renders one powerless, unable to fight back, leading to a metaphorical 'biting of the dust' at the very spot where it is encountered. This explanation aligns with the semantic attributes uniquely associated with this phytonym.\nCompare further the semantics of φθορά (phthorá) in Greek and phthora in Latin, which carry meanings of \"destruction,\" \"death,\" \"passing out of existence,\" \"loss,\" \"damage,\" and even \"seduction,\" \"rape,\" \"miscarriage,\" or \"abortion.\" These terms denote the same species in different languages, such as modern Spanish tuera, and refer to other poisonous plants in the ranunculaceous family. The form antiphthora and variations like antithora and anthora are similarly formed with privative meanings.\nFurther, terms like κώνειον (kṓneion, “hemlock”) and κονή (konḗ, “hemlock”) are derived in a similar manner, often referring to plants notorious for their lethal properties, and are frequently confused in regions where neither is native.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̓κόνῑτον",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akónīton",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̓κονῑ́του",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Second declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸ ᾰ̓κόνῑτον",
      "roman": "tò akónīton",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ ᾰ̓κονῑ́τω",
      "roman": "tṑ akonī́tō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰ̀ ᾰ̓κόνῑτᾰ",
      "roman": "tà akónīta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῦ ᾰ̓κονῑ́του",
      "roman": "toû akonī́tou",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν ᾰ̓κονῑ́τοιν",
      "roman": "toîn akonī́toin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῶν ᾰ̓κονῑ́των",
      "roman": "tôn akonī́tōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῷ ᾰ̓κονῑ́τῳ",
      "roman": "tôi akonī́tōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν ᾰ̓κονῑ́τοιν",
      "roman": "toîn akonī́toin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖς ᾰ̓κονῑ́τοις",
      "roman": "toîs akonī́tois",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸ ᾰ̓κόνῑτον",
      "roman": "tò akónīton",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ ᾰ̓κονῑ́τω",
      "roman": "tṑ akonī́tō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰ̀ ᾰ̓κόνῑτᾰ",
      "roman": "tà akónīta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̓κόνῑτον",
      "roman": "akónīton",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̓κονῑ́τω",
      "roman": "akonī́tō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̓κόνῑτᾰ",
      "roman": "akónīta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ᾰ̓κόνῑτον",
        "2": "ᾰ̓κονῑ́του",
        "3": "n",
        "4": "second"
      },
      "expansion": "ᾰ̓κόνῑτον • (akónīton) n (genitive ᾰ̓κονῑ́του); second declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ᾰ̓κόνῑτον",
        "2": "ου"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "leopard's bane, Aconitum anthora"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "leopard's bane",
          "leopard's bane"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "wolf's bane, Aconitum napellus"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "wolf's bane",
          "wolf's bane"
        ],
        [
          "Aconitum napellus",
          "Aconitum napellus#Translingual"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/a.kó.niː.ton/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/aˈko.ni.ton/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/aˈko.ni.ton/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/a.kó.niː.ton/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/aˈko.ni.ton/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/aˈko.ni.ton/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/aˈko.ni.ton/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/aˈko.ni.ton/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ἀκόνιτον"
}