"χρέος" meaning in Ancient Greek

See χρέος in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /kʰré.os/, /ˈxre.os/, /ˈxre.os/, /kʰré.os/ (note: 5ᵗʰ BCE Attic), /ˈkʰre.os/ (note: 1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian), /ˈxre.os/ (note: 4ᵗʰ CE Koine), /ˈxre.os/ (note: 10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine), /ˈxre.os/ (note: 15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan)
Etymology: Nominal formation from the root of χράομαι (khráomai), χρεώ (khreṓ, “to need”), and χρή (khrḗ, “have to, ought”); see the latter for more. Head templates: {{grc-noun|χρέους|n|third}} χρέος • (khréos) n (genitive χρέους); third declension Inflection templates: {{grc-decl|χρέος|ους|AP=χρέᾰ|NP=χρέᾰ}} Forms: khréos [romanization], χρέους [genitive], Attic declension-3 [table-tags], τὸ χρέος [nominative, singular], χρέει [dual, nominative], τᾰ̀ χρέᾰ [nominative, plural], τοῦ χρέους [genitive, singular], χρεοῖν [dual, genitive], χρεῶν [genitive, plural], τῷ χρέει [dative, singular], χρεοῖν [dative, dual], τοῖς χρέεσῐ [dative, plural], χρέεσῐν [dative, plural], toîs khréesĭ [dative, plural], toîs khréesĭn [dative, plural], τὸ χρέος [accusative, singular], χρέει [accusative, dual], τᾰ̀ χρέᾰ [accusative, plural], χρέος [singular, vocative], χρέει [dual, vocative], χρέᾰ [plural, vocative], χρεῖος [alternative, Epic], χρέως [alternative, Attic]
  1. want, need
    Sense id: en-χρέος-grc-noun-9VWOCbsk Categories (other): Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header, Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header: 40 35 25 Disambiguation of Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension: 41 34 25 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 59 21 20 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 58 22 20
  2. affair, business
    Sense id: en-χρέος-grc-noun-Lds98PeK Categories (other): Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header, Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension Disambiguation of Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header: 40 35 25 Disambiguation of Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension: 41 34 25
  3. debt
    Sense id: en-χρέος-grc-noun-ZS11-br7 Categories (other): Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header, Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension Disambiguation of Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header: 40 35 25 Disambiguation of Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension: 41 34 25
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: ἀξιόχρεως (axiókhreōs)

Alternative forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "axiókhreōs",
      "word": "ἀξιόχρεως"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "el",
            "2": "χρέος"
          },
          "expansion": "Greek: χρέος (chréos)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Greek: χρέος (chréos)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Nominal formation from the root of χράομαι (khráomai), χρεώ (khreṓ, “to need”), and χρή (khrḗ, “have to, ought”); see the latter for more.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "khréos",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χρέους",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-3",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Third declension",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸ χρέος",
      "roman": "tò khréos",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χρέει",
      "roman": "khréei",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰ̀ χρέᾰ",
      "roman": "tằ khréă",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῦ χρέους",
      "roman": "toû khréous",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χρεοῖν",
      "roman": "khreoîn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χρεῶν",
      "roman": "khreôn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῷ χρέει",
      "roman": "tôi khréei",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χρεοῖν",
      "roman": "khreoîn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖς χρέεσῐ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χρέεσῐν",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toîs khréesĭ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toîs khréesĭn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸ χρέος",
      "roman": "tò khréos",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χρέει",
      "roman": "khréei",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰ̀ χρέᾰ",
      "roman": "tằ khréă",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χρέος",
      "roman": "khréos",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χρέει",
      "roman": "khréei",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χρέᾰ",
      "roman": "khréă",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χρεῖος",
      "roman": "khreîos",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Epic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χρέως",
      "roman": "khréōs",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Attic"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "χρέους",
        "2": "n",
        "3": "third"
      },
      "expansion": "χρέος • (khréos) n (genitive χρέους); third declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "χρέος",
        "2": "ους",
        "AP": "χρέᾰ",
        "NP": "χρέᾰ"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "40 35 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "41 34 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "59 21 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "58 22 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "want, need"
      ],
      "id": "en-χρέος-grc-noun-9VWOCbsk",
      "links": [
        [
          "want",
          "want"
        ],
        [
          "need",
          "need"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "40 35 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "41 34 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "affair, business"
      ],
      "id": "en-χρέος-grc-noun-Lds98PeK",
      "links": [
        [
          "affair",
          "affair"
        ],
        [
          "business",
          "business"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "40 35 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "41 34 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "debt"
      ],
      "id": "en-χρέος-grc-noun-ZS11-br7",
      "links": [
        [
          "debt",
          "debt"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰré.os/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxre.os/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxre.os/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰré.os/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkʰre.os/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxre.os/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxre.os/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxre.os/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "χρέος"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
    "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
    "Ancient Greek lemmas",
    "Ancient Greek neuter nouns",
    "Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension",
    "Ancient Greek nouns",
    "Ancient Greek paroxytone terms",
    "Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Ancient Greek third-declension nouns",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "axiókhreōs",
      "word": "ἀξιόχρεως"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "el",
            "2": "χρέος"
          },
          "expansion": "Greek: χρέος (chréos)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Greek: χρέος (chréos)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Nominal formation from the root of χράομαι (khráomai), χρεώ (khreṓ, “to need”), and χρή (khrḗ, “have to, ought”); see the latter for more.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "khréos",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χρέους",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-3",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Third declension",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸ χρέος",
      "roman": "tò khréos",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χρέει",
      "roman": "khréei",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰ̀ χρέᾰ",
      "roman": "tằ khréă",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῦ χρέους",
      "roman": "toû khréous",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χρεοῖν",
      "roman": "khreoîn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χρεῶν",
      "roman": "khreôn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῷ χρέει",
      "roman": "tôi khréei",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χρεοῖν",
      "roman": "khreoîn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖς χρέεσῐ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χρέεσῐν",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toîs khréesĭ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toîs khréesĭn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸ χρέος",
      "roman": "tò khréos",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χρέει",
      "roman": "khréei",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰ̀ χρέᾰ",
      "roman": "tằ khréă",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χρέος",
      "roman": "khréos",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χρέει",
      "roman": "khréei",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χρέᾰ",
      "roman": "khréă",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χρεῖος",
      "roman": "khreîos",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Epic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χρέως",
      "roman": "khréōs",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Attic"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "χρέους",
        "2": "n",
        "3": "third"
      },
      "expansion": "χρέος • (khréos) n (genitive χρέους); third declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "χρέος",
        "2": "ους",
        "AP": "χρέᾰ",
        "NP": "χρέᾰ"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "want, need"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "want",
          "want"
        ],
        [
          "need",
          "need"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "affair, business"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "affair",
          "affair"
        ],
        [
          "business",
          "business"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "debt"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "debt",
          "debt"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰré.os/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxre.os/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxre.os/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰré.os/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkʰre.os/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxre.os/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxre.os/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxre.os/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "χρέος"
}

Download raw JSONL data for χρέος meaning in Ancient Greek (4.1kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Ancient Greek dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (5ee713e and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.