See φθόνος in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for φθόνος meaning in Ancient Greek (7.4kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "áphthonos",
"word": "ἄφθονος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "phthonerós",
"word": "φθονερός"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "phthoneríā",
"word": "φθονερῐ́ᾱ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "phthonéō",
"word": "φθονέω"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "phthónēsis",
"word": "φθόνησῐς"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "phthonētéon",
"word": "φθονητέον"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "phthonētikós",
"word": "φθονητῐκός"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "phthonóletros",
"word": "φθονόλετρος"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "φτόνος"
},
"expansion": "Greek: φτόνος (ftónos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Greek: φτόνος (ftónos)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cop",
"2": "ⲫⲑⲟⲛⲟⲥ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Coptic: ⲫⲑⲟⲛⲟⲥ (phthonos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Coptic: ⲫⲑⲟⲛⲟⲥ (phthonos)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "φθόνος",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Greek: φθόνος (fthónos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Greek: φθόνος (fthónos)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "φθάνω",
"3": "",
"4": "to anticipate, be ahead of"
},
"expansion": "φθάνω (phthánō, “to anticipate, be ahead of”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰgʷʰen-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰgʷʰen-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "De Vaan tentatively suggests a connection with φθάνω (phthánō, “to anticipate, be ahead of”). According to Beekes, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰgʷʰen-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "phthónos",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "φθόνου",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Second declension",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ὁ φθόνος",
"roman": "ho phthónos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ φθόνω",
"roman": "tṑ phthónō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "οἱ φθόνοι",
"roman": "hoi phthónoi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῦ φθόνου",
"roman": "toû phthónou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν φθόνοιν",
"roman": "toîn phthónoin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "τῶν φθόνων",
"roman": "tôn phthónōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῷ φθόνῳ",
"roman": "tôi phthónōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν φθόνοιν",
"roman": "toîn phthónoin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖς φθόνοις",
"roman": "toîs phthónois",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸν φθόνον",
"roman": "tòn phthónon",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ φθόνω",
"roman": "tṑ phthónō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοὺς φθόνους",
"roman": "toùs phthónous",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "φθόνε",
"roman": "phthóne",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "φθόνω",
"roman": "phthónō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "φθόνοι",
"roman": "phthónoi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "φθόνου",
"2": "m",
"3": "second"
},
"expansion": "φθόνος • (phthónos) m (genitive φθόνου); second declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "φθόνος",
"2": "ου"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 27 24 11 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 28 21 11 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"envy, jealousy"
],
"id": "en-φθόνος-grc-noun-Oh-iaKao",
"links": [
[
"envy",
"envy"
],
[
"jealousy",
"jealousy"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 48 10 5 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 27 24 11 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 28 21 11 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 47 10 6 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 30 16 13 19",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "grc:Emotions",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"malice, grudge, ill will"
],
"id": "en-φθόνος-grc-noun-FsE6y5zn",
"links": [
[
"malice",
"malice"
],
[
"grudge",
"grudge"
],
[
"ill will",
"ill will"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 27 24 11 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 28 21 11 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cause for indignation, reproach"
],
"id": "en-φθόνος-grc-noun-eYIb1Yii",
"links": [
[
"cause",
"cause"
],
[
"indignation",
"indignation"
],
[
"reproach",
"reproach"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 27 24 11 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 28 21 11 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"jealousy of the gods"
],
"id": "en-φθόνος-grc-noun-nPVQ9zGr",
"links": [
[
"jealousy",
"jealousy"
],
[
"god",
"god"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 27 24 11 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 28 21 11 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"refusal for feelings of ill will or envy, grudging"
],
"id": "en-φθόνος-grc-noun-JEuDt-NT",
"links": [
[
"refusal",
"refusal"
],
[
"ill will",
"ill will"
],
[
"envy",
"envy"
],
[
"grudging",
"grudging"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pʰtʰó.nos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɸθo.nos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfθo.nos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pʰtʰó.nos/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpʰtʰo.nos/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɸθo.nos/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfθo.nos/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfθo.nos/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"word": "φθόνος"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
"Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"Ancient Greek lemmas",
"Ancient Greek masculine nouns",
"Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
"Ancient Greek nouns",
"Ancient Greek paroxytone terms",
"Ancient Greek second-declension nouns",
"Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
"grc:Emotions"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "áphthonos",
"word": "ἄφθονος"
},
{
"roman": "phthonerós",
"word": "φθονερός"
},
{
"roman": "phthoneríā",
"word": "φθονερῐ́ᾱ"
},
{
"roman": "phthonéō",
"word": "φθονέω"
},
{
"roman": "phthónēsis",
"word": "φθόνησῐς"
},
{
"roman": "phthonētéon",
"word": "φθονητέον"
},
{
"roman": "phthonētikós",
"word": "φθονητῐκός"
},
{
"roman": "phthonóletros",
"word": "φθονόλετρος"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "φτόνος"
},
"expansion": "Greek: φτόνος (ftónos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Greek: φτόνος (ftónos)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cop",
"2": "ⲫⲑⲟⲛⲟⲥ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Coptic: ⲫⲑⲟⲛⲟⲥ (phthonos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Coptic: ⲫⲑⲟⲛⲟⲥ (phthonos)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "φθόνος",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Greek: φθόνος (fthónos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Greek: φθόνος (fthónos)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "φθάνω",
"3": "",
"4": "to anticipate, be ahead of"
},
"expansion": "φθάνω (phthánō, “to anticipate, be ahead of”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰgʷʰen-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰgʷʰen-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "De Vaan tentatively suggests a connection with φθάνω (phthánō, “to anticipate, be ahead of”). According to Beekes, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰgʷʰen-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "phthónos",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "φθόνου",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Second declension",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ὁ φθόνος",
"roman": "ho phthónos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ φθόνω",
"roman": "tṑ phthónō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "οἱ φθόνοι",
"roman": "hoi phthónoi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῦ φθόνου",
"roman": "toû phthónou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν φθόνοιν",
"roman": "toîn phthónoin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "τῶν φθόνων",
"roman": "tôn phthónōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῷ φθόνῳ",
"roman": "tôi phthónōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν φθόνοιν",
"roman": "toîn phthónoin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖς φθόνοις",
"roman": "toîs phthónois",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸν φθόνον",
"roman": "tòn phthónon",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ φθόνω",
"roman": "tṑ phthónō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοὺς φθόνους",
"roman": "toùs phthónous",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "φθόνε",
"roman": "phthóne",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "φθόνω",
"roman": "phthónō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "φθόνοι",
"roman": "phthónoi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "φθόνου",
"2": "m",
"3": "second"
},
"expansion": "φθόνος • (phthónos) m (genitive φθόνου); second declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "φθόνος",
"2": "ου"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"envy, jealousy"
],
"links": [
[
"envy",
"envy"
],
[
"jealousy",
"jealousy"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"malice, grudge, ill will"
],
"links": [
[
"malice",
"malice"
],
[
"grudge",
"grudge"
],
[
"ill will",
"ill will"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"cause for indignation, reproach"
],
"links": [
[
"cause",
"cause"
],
[
"indignation",
"indignation"
],
[
"reproach",
"reproach"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"jealousy of the gods"
],
"links": [
[
"jealousy",
"jealousy"
],
[
"god",
"god"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"refusal for feelings of ill will or envy, grudging"
],
"links": [
[
"refusal",
"refusal"
],
[
"ill will",
"ill will"
],
[
"envy",
"envy"
],
[
"grudging",
"grudging"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pʰtʰó.nos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɸθo.nos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfθo.nos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pʰtʰó.nos/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpʰtʰo.nos/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɸθo.nos/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfθo.nos/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfθo.nos/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"word": "φθόνος"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Ancient Greek dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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