"φάραγξ" meaning in Ancient Greek

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "el",
            "2": "φαράγγι"
          },
          "expansion": "Greek: φαράγγι (farángi)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Greek: φαράγγι (farángi)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "qsb-grc",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Pre-Greek",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "σῆραγξ"
      },
      "expansion": "σῆραγξ (sêranx)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "φάλαγξ"
      },
      "expansion": "φάλαγξ (phálanx)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "μάραγοι",
        "3": "",
        "4": "overhanging places"
      },
      "expansion": "μάραγοι (máragoi, “overhanging places”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "barranca",
        "3": "",
        "4": "ravine"
      },
      "expansion": "Spanish barranca (“ravine”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "avalanche"
      },
      "expansion": "English avalanche",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "VL.",
        "2": "*labanka"
      },
      "expansion": "*labanka",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "forō"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin forō",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "feriō"
      },
      "expansion": "feriō",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hy",
        "2": "բերան",
        "3": "",
        "4": "mouth, opening"
      },
      "expansion": "Armenian բերան (beran, “mouth, opening”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*bʰerH-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to pierce, strike"
      },
      "expansion": "*bʰerH- (“to pierce, strike”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "φάρυγξ",
        "3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek φάρυγξ (phárunx)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "frūmen"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin frūmen",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*bʰruHg-",
        "t": "to use, enjoy"
      },
      "expansion": "*bʰruHg- (“to use, enjoy”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "According to Beekes, from Pre-Greek, like σῆραγξ (sêranx) and φάλαγξ (phálanx). Furnée compares also μάραγοι (máragoi, “overhanging places”) and Spanish barranca (“ravine”). Mark the similar ending in the reconstructed root word for English avalanche, *labanka.\nBut compare the family of Latin forō, feriō and Armenian բերան (beran, “mouth, opening”), all from *bʰerH- (“to pierce, strike”). Compare also Ancient Greek φάρυγξ (phárunx) and Latin frūmen, both possibly from *bʰruHg- (“to use, enjoy”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "φᾰ́ρᾰγξ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pháranx",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φᾰ́ρᾰγγος",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-3",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Third declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἡ φᾰ́ρᾰγξ",
      "roman": "hē pháranx",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ φᾰ́ρᾰγγε",
      "roman": "tṑ phárange",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "αἱ φᾰ́ρᾰγγες",
      "roman": "hai pháranges",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῆς φᾰ́ρᾰγγος",
      "roman": "tês phárangos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν φᾰρᾰ́γγοιν",
      "roman": "toîn pharángoin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῶν φᾰρᾰ́γγων",
      "roman": "tôn pharángōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῇ φᾰ́ρᾰγγῐ",
      "roman": "têi phárangi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν φᾰρᾰ́γγοιν",
      "roman": "toîn pharángoin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ταῖς φᾰ́ρᾰγξῐ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φᾰ́ρᾰγξῐν",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "taîs pháranxi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "taîs pháranxin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὴν φᾰ́ρᾰγγᾰ",
      "roman": "tḕn pháranga",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ φᾰ́ρᾰγγε",
      "roman": "tṑ phárange",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾱ̀ς φᾰ́ρᾰγγᾰς",
      "roman": "tā̀s phárangas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φᾰ́ρᾰγξ",
      "roman": "pháranx",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φᾰ́ρᾰγγε",
      "roman": "phárange",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φᾰ́ρᾰγγες",
      "roman": "pháranges",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "φᾰ́ρᾰγγος",
        "2": "f",
        "3": "third",
        "head": "φᾰ́ρᾰγξ"
      },
      "expansion": "φᾰ́ρᾰγξ • (pháranx) f (genitive φᾰ́ρᾰγγος); third declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "φᾰ́ρᾰγξ",
        "2": "φᾰ́ρᾰγγος",
        "form": "F"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the third declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "grc",
          "name": "Landforms",
          "orig": "grc:Landforms",
          "parents": [
            "Earth",
            "Places",
            "Nature",
            "Names",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "roman": "pharangaîon",
          "word": "φαραγγαῖον"
        },
        {
          "roman": "pharangítēs",
          "word": "φαραγγίτης"
        },
        {
          "roman": "pharangóō",
          "word": "φαραγγόω"
        },
        {
          "roman": "pharangṓdēs",
          "word": "φαραγγώδης"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ravine, cleft, chasm, gully, abyss"
      ],
      "id": "en-φάραγξ-grc-noun-raRLnrTA",
      "links": [
        [
          "ravine",
          "ravine"
        ],
        [
          "cleft",
          "cleft"
        ],
        [
          "chasm",
          "chasm"
        ],
        [
          "gully",
          "gully"
        ],
        [
          "abyss",
          "abyss"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "roman": "áspharagos",
          "word": "ἄσφαραγος"
        },
        {
          "roman": "spháranges",
          "word": "σφάραγγες"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pʰá.raŋks/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɸa.raŋks/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfa.raŋks/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pʰá.raŋks/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpʰa.raŋks/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɸa.raŋks/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfa.raŋks/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfa.raŋks/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "φάραγξ"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "pharangaîon",
      "word": "φαραγγαῖον"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pharangítēs",
      "word": "φαραγγίτης"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pharangóō",
      "word": "φαραγγόω"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pharangṓdēs",
      "word": "φαραγγώδης"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "el",
            "2": "φαράγγι"
          },
          "expansion": "Greek: φαράγγι (farángi)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Greek: φαράγγι (farángi)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "qsb-grc",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Pre-Greek",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "σῆραγξ"
      },
      "expansion": "σῆραγξ (sêranx)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "φάλαγξ"
      },
      "expansion": "φάλαγξ (phálanx)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "μάραγοι",
        "3": "",
        "4": "overhanging places"
      },
      "expansion": "μάραγοι (máragoi, “overhanging places”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "barranca",
        "3": "",
        "4": "ravine"
      },
      "expansion": "Spanish barranca (“ravine”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "avalanche"
      },
      "expansion": "English avalanche",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "VL.",
        "2": "*labanka"
      },
      "expansion": "*labanka",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "forō"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin forō",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "feriō"
      },
      "expansion": "feriō",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hy",
        "2": "բերան",
        "3": "",
        "4": "mouth, opening"
      },
      "expansion": "Armenian բերան (beran, “mouth, opening”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*bʰerH-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to pierce, strike"
      },
      "expansion": "*bʰerH- (“to pierce, strike”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "φάρυγξ",
        "3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek φάρυγξ (phárunx)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "frūmen"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin frūmen",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*bʰruHg-",
        "t": "to use, enjoy"
      },
      "expansion": "*bʰruHg- (“to use, enjoy”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "According to Beekes, from Pre-Greek, like σῆραγξ (sêranx) and φάλαγξ (phálanx). Furnée compares also μάραγοι (máragoi, “overhanging places”) and Spanish barranca (“ravine”). Mark the similar ending in the reconstructed root word for English avalanche, *labanka.\nBut compare the family of Latin forō, feriō and Armenian բերան (beran, “mouth, opening”), all from *bʰerH- (“to pierce, strike”). Compare also Ancient Greek φάρυγξ (phárunx) and Latin frūmen, both possibly from *bʰruHg- (“to use, enjoy”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "φᾰ́ρᾰγξ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pháranx",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φᾰ́ρᾰγγος",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-3",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Third declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἡ φᾰ́ρᾰγξ",
      "roman": "hē pháranx",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ φᾰ́ρᾰγγε",
      "roman": "tṑ phárange",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "αἱ φᾰ́ρᾰγγες",
      "roman": "hai pháranges",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῆς φᾰ́ρᾰγγος",
      "roman": "tês phárangos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν φᾰρᾰ́γγοιν",
      "roman": "toîn pharángoin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῶν φᾰρᾰ́γγων",
      "roman": "tôn pharángōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῇ φᾰ́ρᾰγγῐ",
      "roman": "têi phárangi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν φᾰρᾰ́γγοιν",
      "roman": "toîn pharángoin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ταῖς φᾰ́ρᾰγξῐ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φᾰ́ρᾰγξῐν",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "taîs pháranxi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "taîs pháranxin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὴν φᾰ́ρᾰγγᾰ",
      "roman": "tḕn pháranga",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ φᾰ́ρᾰγγε",
      "roman": "tṑ phárange",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾱ̀ς φᾰ́ρᾰγγᾰς",
      "roman": "tā̀s phárangas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φᾰ́ρᾰγξ",
      "roman": "pháranx",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φᾰ́ρᾰγγε",
      "roman": "phárange",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φᾰ́ρᾰγγες",
      "roman": "pháranges",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "φᾰ́ρᾰγγος",
        "2": "f",
        "3": "third",
        "head": "φᾰ́ρᾰγξ"
      },
      "expansion": "φᾰ́ρᾰγξ • (pháranx) f (genitive φᾰ́ρᾰγγος); third declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "φᾰ́ρᾰγξ",
        "2": "φᾰ́ρᾰγγος",
        "form": "F"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
        "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
        "Ancient Greek feminine nouns",
        "Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the third declension",
        "Ancient Greek lemmas",
        "Ancient Greek nouns",
        "Ancient Greek paroxytone terms",
        "Ancient Greek terms derived from a Pre-Greek substrate",
        "Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
        "Ancient Greek third-declension nouns",
        "grc:Landforms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ravine, cleft, chasm, gully, abyss"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ravine",
          "ravine"
        ],
        [
          "cleft",
          "cleft"
        ],
        [
          "chasm",
          "chasm"
        ],
        [
          "gully",
          "gully"
        ],
        [
          "abyss",
          "abyss"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pʰá.raŋks/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɸa.raŋks/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfa.raŋks/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pʰá.raŋks/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpʰa.raŋks/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɸa.raŋks/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfa.raŋks/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfa.raŋks/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "áspharagos",
      "word": "ἄσφαραγος"
    },
    {
      "roman": "spháranges",
      "word": "σφάραγγες"
    }
  ],
  "word": "φάραγξ"
}