See τύρβη in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "túrba",
"word": "τύρβα"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "turbázō",
"word": "τυρβάζω"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "turbasía",
"word": "τυρβασία"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "túrbasma",
"word": "τύρβασμα"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "turba",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Latin: turba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Latin: turba"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"id": "turmoil"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "Disputed"
},
"expansion": "Disputed",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Germanic",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "qsb-grc",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Pre-Greek",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "turba",
"3": "",
"4": "confusion; troop"
},
"expansion": "Latin turba (“confusion; troop”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Disputed. Though traditionally connected to the Germanic terms *staurijan (“to disturb, harm”), *sturiz (“turmoil, confusion, noise”), *sturmaz (“storm”) and *sturjan (“to be/put in motion, stir”) via a hypothetical Proto-Indo-European root *(s)twerH-, according to Beekes the variation within Greek in fact points to a Pre-Greek origin. A formal connection with Latin turba (“confusion; troop”) and turma (“troop, squadron”) is also difficult; the former might be a loanword from Greek.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "τῠ́ρβη",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "tŭ́rbē",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "τῠ́ρβης",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-1",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "First declension",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ἡ τῠ́ρβη",
"roman": "hē tŭ́rbē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ τῠ́ρβᾱ",
"roman": "tṑ tŭ́rbā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "αἱ τῠ́ρβαι",
"roman": "hai tŭ́rbai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῆς τῠ́ρβης",
"roman": "tês tŭ́rbēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν τῠ́ρβαιν",
"roman": "toîn tŭ́rbain",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "τῶν τῠρβῶν",
"roman": "tôn tŭrbôn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῇ τῠ́ρβῃ",
"roman": "têi tŭ́rbēi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν τῠ́ρβαιν",
"roman": "toîn tŭ́rbain",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ταῖς τῠ́ρβαις",
"roman": "taîs tŭ́rbais",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τὴν τῠ́ρβην",
"roman": "tḕn tŭ́rbēn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ τῠ́ρβᾱ",
"roman": "tṑ tŭ́rbā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τᾱ̀ς τῠ́ρβᾱς",
"roman": "tā̀s tŭ́rbās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῠ́ρβη",
"roman": "tŭ́rbē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "τῠ́ρβᾱ",
"roman": "tŭ́rbā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "τῠ́ρβαι",
"roman": "tŭ́rbai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "τῠ́ρβη",
"2": "τῠ́ρβης",
"3": "f",
"4": "first"
},
"expansion": "τῠ́ρβη • (tŭ́rbē) f (genitive τῠ́ρβης); first declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "τῠ́ρβη",
"2": "ης"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"disorder, confusion, tumult"
],
"id": "en-τύρβη-grc-noun-wc5TAORL",
"links": [
[
"disorder",
"disorder"
],
[
"confusion",
"confusion"
],
[
"tumult",
"tumult"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 85",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 65",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the first declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 90",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 92",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"poetic rout, revelry"
],
"id": "en-τύρβη-grc-noun-81aMyd3R",
"links": [
[
"poetic",
"poetic"
],
[
"rout",
"rout"
],
[
"revelry",
"revelry"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) poetic rout, revelry"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/týr.bɛː/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtyr.βi/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtir.vi/"
},
{
"ipa": "/týr.bɛː/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtyr.be̝/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtyr.βi/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtyr.vi/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtir.vi/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "súrbē",
"word": "σύρβη"
}
],
"word": "τύρβη"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
"Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"Ancient Greek feminine nouns",
"Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the first declension",
"Ancient Greek first-declension nouns",
"Ancient Greek lemmas",
"Ancient Greek nouns",
"Ancient Greek paroxytone terms",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from a Pre-Greek substrate",
"Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Ancient Greek terms with unknown etymologies",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "túrba",
"word": "τύρβα"
},
{
"roman": "turbázō",
"word": "τυρβάζω"
},
{
"roman": "turbasía",
"word": "τυρβασία"
},
{
"roman": "túrbasma",
"word": "τύρβασμα"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "turba",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Latin: turba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Latin: turba"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"id": "turmoil"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "Disputed"
},
"expansion": "Disputed",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Germanic",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "qsb-grc",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Pre-Greek",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "turba",
"3": "",
"4": "confusion; troop"
},
"expansion": "Latin turba (“confusion; troop”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Disputed. Though traditionally connected to the Germanic terms *staurijan (“to disturb, harm”), *sturiz (“turmoil, confusion, noise”), *sturmaz (“storm”) and *sturjan (“to be/put in motion, stir”) via a hypothetical Proto-Indo-European root *(s)twerH-, according to Beekes the variation within Greek in fact points to a Pre-Greek origin. A formal connection with Latin turba (“confusion; troop”) and turma (“troop, squadron”) is also difficult; the former might be a loanword from Greek.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "τῠ́ρβη",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "tŭ́rbē",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "τῠ́ρβης",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-1",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "First declension",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ἡ τῠ́ρβη",
"roman": "hē tŭ́rbē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ τῠ́ρβᾱ",
"roman": "tṑ tŭ́rbā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "αἱ τῠ́ρβαι",
"roman": "hai tŭ́rbai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῆς τῠ́ρβης",
"roman": "tês tŭ́rbēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν τῠ́ρβαιν",
"roman": "toîn tŭ́rbain",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "τῶν τῠρβῶν",
"roman": "tôn tŭrbôn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῇ τῠ́ρβῃ",
"roman": "têi tŭ́rbēi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν τῠ́ρβαιν",
"roman": "toîn tŭ́rbain",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ταῖς τῠ́ρβαις",
"roman": "taîs tŭ́rbais",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τὴν τῠ́ρβην",
"roman": "tḕn tŭ́rbēn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ τῠ́ρβᾱ",
"roman": "tṑ tŭ́rbā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τᾱ̀ς τῠ́ρβᾱς",
"roman": "tā̀s tŭ́rbās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῠ́ρβη",
"roman": "tŭ́rbē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "τῠ́ρβᾱ",
"roman": "tŭ́rbā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "τῠ́ρβαι",
"roman": "tŭ́rbai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "τῠ́ρβη",
"2": "τῠ́ρβης",
"3": "f",
"4": "first"
},
"expansion": "τῠ́ρβη • (tŭ́rbē) f (genitive τῠ́ρβης); first declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "τῠ́ρβη",
"2": "ης"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"disorder, confusion, tumult"
],
"links": [
[
"disorder",
"disorder"
],
[
"confusion",
"confusion"
],
[
"tumult",
"tumult"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"poetic rout, revelry"
],
"links": [
[
"poetic",
"poetic"
],
[
"rout",
"rout"
],
[
"revelry",
"revelry"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) poetic rout, revelry"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/týr.bɛː/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtyr.βi/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtir.vi/"
},
{
"ipa": "/týr.bɛː/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtyr.be̝/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtyr.βi/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtyr.vi/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtir.vi/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "súrbē",
"word": "σύρβη"
}
],
"word": "τύρβη"
}
Download raw JSONL data for τύρβη meaning in Ancient Greek (5.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Ancient Greek dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (df33d17 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.