"τάρβος" meaning in Ancient Greek

See τάρβος in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /tár.bos/, /ˈtar.βos/, /ˈtar.vos/, /tár.bos/ (note: 5ᵗʰ BCE Attic), /ˈtar.bos/ (note: 1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian), /ˈtar.βos/ (note: 4ᵗʰ CE Koine), /ˈtar.vos/ (note: 10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine), /ˈtar.vos/ (note: 15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan)
Etymology: Cognate to Sanskrit तर्जति (tarjati, “to threaten, revile”), Latin torvus (“grim, fierce”) and Welsh tarfu (“to scare away”). Furnée compares ταρμύσσω (tarmússō, “to frighten”). Etymology templates: {{cog|sa|तर्जति||to threaten, revile}} Sanskrit तर्जति (tarjati, “to threaten, revile”), {{cog|la|torvus||grim, fierce}} Latin torvus (“grim, fierce”), {{cog|cy|tarfu||to scare away}} Welsh tarfu (“to scare away”) Head templates: {{grc-noun|τάρβεος|n|third}} τάρβος • (tárbos) n (genitive τάρβεος); third declension Inflection templates: {{grc-decl|τάρβος|τάρβεος}} Forms: tárbos [romanization], τάρβεος [genitive], Attic declension-3 [table-tags], τὸ τᾰ́ρβος [nominative, singular], τᾰ́ρβεε [dual, nominative], τᾰ̀ τᾰ́ρβεᾰ [nominative, plural], τοῦ τᾰ́ρβεος [genitive, singular], τᾰρβέοιν [dual, genitive], τᾰρβέων [genitive, plural], τῷ τᾰ́ρβεῐ̈ [dative, singular], τᾰρβέοιν [dative, dual], τοῖς τᾰ́ρβεσῐ [dative, plural], τᾰ́ρβεσῐν [dative, plural], toîs tắrbesĭ [dative, plural], toîs tắrbesĭn [dative, plural], τὸ τᾰ́ρβος [accusative, singular], τᾰ́ρβεε [accusative, dual], τᾰ̀ τᾰ́ρβεᾰ [accusative, plural], τᾰ́ρβος [singular, vocative], τᾰ́ρβεε [dual, vocative], τᾰ́ρβεᾰ [plural, vocative]
  1. alarm, terror, fright
    Sense id: en-τάρβος-grc-noun-cUDR2K05 Categories (other): Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension Disambiguation of Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension: 60 40
  2. awe, reverence
    Sense id: en-τάρβος-grc-noun-TJgHeIdJ Categories (other): Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header: 38 62 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 28 72 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 9 91
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: ταρβαλέος (tarbaléos), ταρβέω (tarbéō), ταρβοσύνη (tarbosúnē), ταρβόσυνος (tarbósunos) 
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "tarbaléos",
      "word": "ταρβαλέος"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "tarbéō",
      "word": "ταρβέω"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "tarbosúnē",
      "word": "ταρβοσύνη"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "tarbósunos",
      "word": "ταρβόσυνος"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "तर्जति",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to threaten, revile"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit तर्जति (tarjati, “to threaten, revile”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "torvus",
        "3": "",
        "4": "grim, fierce"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin torvus (“grim, fierce”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "tarfu",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to scare away"
      },
      "expansion": "Welsh tarfu (“to scare away”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Cognate to Sanskrit तर्जति (tarjati, “to threaten, revile”), Latin torvus (“grim, fierce”) and Welsh tarfu (“to scare away”).\nFurnée compares ταρμύσσω (tarmússō, “to frighten”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "tárbos",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τάρβεος",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-3",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Third declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸ τᾰ́ρβος",
      "roman": "tò tắrbos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰ́ρβεε",
      "roman": "tắrbee",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰ̀ τᾰ́ρβεᾰ",
      "roman": "tằ tắrbeă",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῦ τᾰ́ρβεος",
      "roman": "toû tắrbeos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰρβέοιν",
      "roman": "tărbéoin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰρβέων",
      "roman": "tărbéōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῷ τᾰ́ρβεῐ̈",
      "roman": "tôi tắrbeĭ̈",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰρβέοιν",
      "roman": "tărbéoin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖς τᾰ́ρβεσῐ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰ́ρβεσῐν",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toîs tắrbesĭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toîs tắrbesĭn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸ τᾰ́ρβος",
      "roman": "tò tắrbos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰ́ρβεε",
      "roman": "tắrbee",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰ̀ τᾰ́ρβεᾰ",
      "roman": "tằ tắrbeă",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰ́ρβος",
      "roman": "tắrbos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰ́ρβεε",
      "roman": "tắrbee",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰ́ρβεᾰ",
      "roman": "tắrbeă",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "τάρβεος",
        "2": "n",
        "3": "third"
      },
      "expansion": "τάρβος • (tárbos) n (genitive τάρβεος); third declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "τάρβος",
        "2": "τάρβεος"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "60 40",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alarm, terror, fright"
      ],
      "id": "en-τάρβος-grc-noun-cUDR2K05",
      "links": [
        [
          "alarm",
          "alarm"
        ],
        [
          "terror",
          "terror"
        ],
        [
          "fright",
          "fright"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "38 62",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "28 72",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 91",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "awe, reverence"
      ],
      "id": "en-τάρβος-grc-noun-TJgHeIdJ",
      "links": [
        [
          "awe",
          "awe"
        ],
        [
          "reverence",
          "reverence"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/tár.bos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈtar.βos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈtar.vos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tár.bos/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈtar.bos/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈtar.βos/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈtar.vos/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈtar.vos/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "τάρβος"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
    "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
    "Ancient Greek lemmas",
    "Ancient Greek neuter nouns",
    "Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension",
    "Ancient Greek nouns",
    "Ancient Greek paroxytone terms",
    "Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Ancient Greek third-declension nouns",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "tarbaléos",
      "word": "ταρβαλέος"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tarbéō",
      "word": "ταρβέω"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tarbosúnē",
      "word": "ταρβοσύνη"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tarbósunos",
      "word": "ταρβόσυνος"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "तर्जति",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to threaten, revile"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit तर्जति (tarjati, “to threaten, revile”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "torvus",
        "3": "",
        "4": "grim, fierce"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin torvus (“grim, fierce”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "tarfu",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to scare away"
      },
      "expansion": "Welsh tarfu (“to scare away”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Cognate to Sanskrit तर्जति (tarjati, “to threaten, revile”), Latin torvus (“grim, fierce”) and Welsh tarfu (“to scare away”).\nFurnée compares ταρμύσσω (tarmússō, “to frighten”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "tárbos",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τάρβεος",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-3",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Third declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸ τᾰ́ρβος",
      "roman": "tò tắrbos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰ́ρβεε",
      "roman": "tắrbee",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰ̀ τᾰ́ρβεᾰ",
      "roman": "tằ tắrbeă",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῦ τᾰ́ρβεος",
      "roman": "toû tắrbeos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰρβέοιν",
      "roman": "tărbéoin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰρβέων",
      "roman": "tărbéōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῷ τᾰ́ρβεῐ̈",
      "roman": "tôi tắrbeĭ̈",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰρβέοιν",
      "roman": "tărbéoin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖς τᾰ́ρβεσῐ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰ́ρβεσῐν",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toîs tắrbesĭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toîs tắrbesĭn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸ τᾰ́ρβος",
      "roman": "tò tắrbos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰ́ρβεε",
      "roman": "tắrbee",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰ̀ τᾰ́ρβεᾰ",
      "roman": "tằ tắrbeă",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰ́ρβος",
      "roman": "tắrbos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰ́ρβεε",
      "roman": "tắrbee",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰ́ρβεᾰ",
      "roman": "tắrbeă",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "τάρβεος",
        "2": "n",
        "3": "third"
      },
      "expansion": "τάρβος • (tárbos) n (genitive τάρβεος); third declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "τάρβος",
        "2": "τάρβεος"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "alarm, terror, fright"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "alarm",
          "alarm"
        ],
        [
          "terror",
          "terror"
        ],
        [
          "fright",
          "fright"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "awe, reverence"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "awe",
          "awe"
        ],
        [
          "reverence",
          "reverence"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/tár.bos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈtar.βos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈtar.vos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tár.bos/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈtar.bos/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈtar.βos/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈtar.vos/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈtar.vos/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "τάρβος"
}

Download raw JSONL data for τάρβος meaning in Ancient Greek (4.5kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Ancient Greek dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-20 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.