"πύρνος" meaning in Ancient Greek

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "purnaîos",
      "word": "πυρναῖος"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "púrnon",
      "word": "πύρνον"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "purnotókos",
      "word": "πυρνοτόκος"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "title": "without etymology"
      },
      "expansion": "without etymology",
      "name": "unk"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "चर्वति",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to eat, chew"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit चर्वति (carvati, “to eat, chew”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*kʷeru-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kʷeru-",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "eu",
        "2": "apur",
        "3": "",
        "4": "crumb"
      },
      "expansion": "Basque apur (“crumb”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "qsb-grc",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Pre-Greek",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "The word is obsolete and without etymology. It was compared with πορύναν (porúnan, “kneaded mass, cake”) and τορύνη (torúnē, “kind of grain”) by Fick, adducing Sanskrit चर्वति (carvati, “to eat, chew”) and चूर्ण (cūrṇa, “dust, powder”) as well. This would lead to the reconstruction of Proto-Indo-European *kʷeru-, which requires a pre-form *τερύνα (*terúna) for τορύνη (torúnē). However, this leaves the υ-vowel in πύρνος unexplained. According to Szemerényi, this word is syncopated from πύρινος (púrinos, “made of wheat”), but this is contestable for several reasons. Furnée connects the word with Basque apur (“crumb”); this etymology seems unreliable, but in any case, the word may well be Pre-Greek.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "πῠ́ρνος",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "púrnos",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πῠ́ρνου",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Second declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ὁ πῠ́ρνος",
      "roman": "ho púrnos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ πῠ́ρνω",
      "roman": "tṑ púrnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "οἱ πῠ́ρνοι",
      "roman": "hoi púrnoi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῦ πῠ́ρνου",
      "roman": "toû púrnou",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν πῠ́ρνοιν",
      "roman": "toîn púrnoin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῶν πῠ́ρνων",
      "roman": "tôn púrnōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῷ πῠ́ρνῳ",
      "roman": "tôi púrnōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν πῠ́ρνοιν",
      "roman": "toîn púrnoin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖς πῠ́ρνοις",
      "roman": "toîs púrnois",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸν πῠ́ρνον",
      "roman": "tòn púrnon",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ πῠ́ρνω",
      "roman": "tṑ púrnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοὺς πῠ́ρνους",
      "roman": "toùs púrnous",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πῠ́ρνε",
      "roman": "púrne",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πῠ́ρνω",
      "roman": "púrnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πῠ́ρνοι",
      "roman": "púrnoi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "πῠ́ρνος",
        "2": "πῠ́ρνου",
        "3": "m",
        "4": "second"
      },
      "expansion": "πῠ́ρνος • (púrnos) m (genitive πῠ́ρνου); second declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "πῠ́ρνος",
        "2": "ου",
        "form": "M"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "48 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "54 46",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "57 43",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "morsel, bit"
      ],
      "id": "en-πύρνος-grc-noun--EK0K90B",
      "links": [
        [
          "morsel",
          "morsel"
        ],
        [
          "bit",
          "bit"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "ψωμός"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "48 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "54 46",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 74",
          "kind": "lifeform",
          "langcode": "grc",
          "name": "Grains",
          "orig": "grc:Grains",
          "parents": [
            "Foods",
            "Grasses",
            "Eating",
            "Food and drink",
            "Commelinids",
            "Human behaviour",
            "All topics",
            "Plants",
            "Human",
            "Fundamental",
            "Lifeforms",
            "Life",
            "Nature"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "kind of one-seeded cereal"
      ],
      "id": "en-πύρνος-grc-noun-sC72YYOJ",
      "links": [
        [
          "seed",
          "seed"
        ],
        [
          "cereal",
          "cereal"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pýr.nos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpyr.nos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpir.nos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pýr.nos/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpyr.nos/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpyr.nos/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpyr.nos/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpir.nos/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "πύρνος"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
    "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
    "Ancient Greek lemmas",
    "Ancient Greek masculine nouns",
    "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
    "Ancient Greek nouns",
    "Ancient Greek paroxytone terms",
    "Ancient Greek second-declension nouns",
    "Ancient Greek terms derived from a Pre-Greek substrate",
    "Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Ancient Greek terms with unknown etymologies",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "grc:Grains"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "purnaîos",
      "word": "πυρναῖος"
    },
    {
      "roman": "púrnon",
      "word": "πύρνον"
    },
    {
      "roman": "purnotókos",
      "word": "πυρνοτόκος"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "title": "without etymology"
      },
      "expansion": "without etymology",
      "name": "unk"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "चर्वति",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to eat, chew"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit चर्वति (carvati, “to eat, chew”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*kʷeru-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kʷeru-",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "eu",
        "2": "apur",
        "3": "",
        "4": "crumb"
      },
      "expansion": "Basque apur (“crumb”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "qsb-grc",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Pre-Greek",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "The word is obsolete and without etymology. It was compared with πορύναν (porúnan, “kneaded mass, cake”) and τορύνη (torúnē, “kind of grain”) by Fick, adducing Sanskrit चर्वति (carvati, “to eat, chew”) and चूर्ण (cūrṇa, “dust, powder”) as well. This would lead to the reconstruction of Proto-Indo-European *kʷeru-, which requires a pre-form *τερύνα (*terúna) for τορύνη (torúnē). However, this leaves the υ-vowel in πύρνος unexplained. According to Szemerényi, this word is syncopated from πύρινος (púrinos, “made of wheat”), but this is contestable for several reasons. Furnée connects the word with Basque apur (“crumb”); this etymology seems unreliable, but in any case, the word may well be Pre-Greek.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "πῠ́ρνος",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "púrnos",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πῠ́ρνου",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Second declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ὁ πῠ́ρνος",
      "roman": "ho púrnos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ πῠ́ρνω",
      "roman": "tṑ púrnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "οἱ πῠ́ρνοι",
      "roman": "hoi púrnoi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῦ πῠ́ρνου",
      "roman": "toû púrnou",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν πῠ́ρνοιν",
      "roman": "toîn púrnoin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῶν πῠ́ρνων",
      "roman": "tôn púrnōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῷ πῠ́ρνῳ",
      "roman": "tôi púrnōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν πῠ́ρνοιν",
      "roman": "toîn púrnoin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖς πῠ́ρνοις",
      "roman": "toîs púrnois",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸν πῠ́ρνον",
      "roman": "tòn púrnon",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ πῠ́ρνω",
      "roman": "tṑ púrnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοὺς πῠ́ρνους",
      "roman": "toùs púrnous",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πῠ́ρνε",
      "roman": "púrne",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πῠ́ρνω",
      "roman": "púrnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πῠ́ρνοι",
      "roman": "púrnoi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "πῠ́ρνος",
        "2": "πῠ́ρνου",
        "3": "m",
        "4": "second"
      },
      "expansion": "πῠ́ρνος • (púrnos) m (genitive πῠ́ρνου); second declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "πῠ́ρνος",
        "2": "ου",
        "form": "M"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "morsel, bit"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "morsel",
          "morsel"
        ],
        [
          "bit",
          "bit"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "ψωμός"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "kind of one-seeded cereal"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "seed",
          "seed"
        ],
        [
          "cereal",
          "cereal"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pýr.nos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpyr.nos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpir.nos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pýr.nos/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpyr.nos/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpyr.nos/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpyr.nos/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpir.nos/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "πύρνος"
}