See πρέσβυς in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-",
"id": "before"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-",
"4": "*pres",
"5": "before, in front"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pres (“before, in front”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷṓws",
"4": "",
"5": "cattle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws (“cattle”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*gʷew-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷew-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "पुरोगव",
"3": "",
"4": "leader"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit पुरोगव (purogava, “leader”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pre(y)sgʷu-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pre(y)sgʷu-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "երէց",
"3": "",
"4": "elder, senior"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian երէց (erēcʻ, “elder, senior”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "priscus",
"3": "",
"4": "ancient"
},
"expansion": "Latin priscus (“ancient”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The first component of the word is likely from Proto-Indo-European *pres (“before, in front”), an extended form of *per-. The second component is debated:\n* From Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws (“cattle”), thus \"one who leads cattle\".\n* From Proto-Indo-European *gʷew-, a variant of *gʷem- (“to go”), thus \"one who goes in front\". Compare Sanskrit पुरोगव (purogava, “leader”), from पुरस् (puras, “in front”) and गम् (gam, “to go”).\n* Together with the first component, from Proto-Indo-European *pre(y)sgʷu-, and cognate with Old Armenian երէց (erēcʻ, “elder, senior”) and Latin priscus (“ancient”), pristinus (“primitive, pristine”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "πρέσβῠς",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "présbus",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβειᾰ",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβῠ",
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-3",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβῠς",
"roman": "présbus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβειᾰ",
"roman": "présbeia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβῠ",
"roman": "présbu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβεε",
"roman": "présbee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "πρεσβείᾱ",
"roman": "presbeíā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβεε",
"roman": "présbee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"neuter",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβεις",
"roman": "présbeis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβειαι",
"roman": "présbeiai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβη",
"roman": "présbē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβεᾰ",
"roman": "présbea",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβεος",
"roman": "présbeos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "πρεσβείᾱς",
"roman": "presbeíās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβεος",
"roman": "présbeos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "πρεσβέοιν",
"roman": "presbéoin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "πρεσβείαιν",
"roman": "presbeíain",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "πρεσβέοιν",
"roman": "presbéoin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "πρεσβέων",
"roman": "presbéōn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "πρεσβειῶν",
"roman": "presbeiôn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "πρεσβέων",
"roman": "presbéōn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβει",
"roman": "présbei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "πρεσβείᾳ",
"roman": "presbeíāi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβει",
"roman": "présbei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "πρεσβέοιν",
"roman": "presbéoin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "πρεσβείαιν",
"roman": "presbeíain",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "πρεσβέοιν",
"roman": "presbéoin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβεσῐ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβεσῐν",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "présbesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "présbesin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "πρεσβείαις",
"roman": "presbeíais",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβεσῐ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβεσῐν",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "présbesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "présbesin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβῠν",
"roman": "présbun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβειᾰν",
"roman": "présbeian",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβῠ",
"roman": "présbu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβεε",
"roman": "présbee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "πρεσβείᾱ",
"roman": "presbeíā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβεε",
"roman": "présbee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβεις",
"roman": "présbeis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "πρεσβείᾱς",
"roman": "presbeíās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβη",
"roman": "présbē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβεᾰ",
"roman": "présbea",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβῠ",
"roman": "présbu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβειᾰ",
"roman": "présbeia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβῠ",
"roman": "présbu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβεε",
"roman": "présbee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "πρεσβείᾱ",
"roman": "presbeíā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβεε",
"roman": "présbee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"neuter",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβεις",
"roman": "présbeis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβειαι",
"roman": "présbeiai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβη",
"roman": "présbē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβεᾰ",
"roman": "présbea",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "πρεσβέως",
"roman": "presbéōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "πρεσβῠ́τερος",
"roman": "presbúteros",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "πρεσβῠ́τᾰτος",
"roman": "presbútatos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"superlative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "πρέσβῠς",
"2": "πρέσβειᾰ"
},
"name": "grc-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "26 17 11 11 7 7 15 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 15 14 14 8 10 7 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 13 11 12 4 7 19 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "429 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus the King 941"
},
{
"text": "409 BCE, Sophocles, Philoctetes 665"
}
],
"glosses": [
"elderly, aged"
],
"id": "en-πρέσβυς-grc-adj-JqAf6SeS",
"links": [
[
"elderly",
"elderly"
],
[
"aged",
"aged"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/préz.bys/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈprez.βys/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈprez.vis/"
},
{
"ipa": "/préz.bys/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈprez.bys/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈprez.βys/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈprez.vys/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈprez.vis/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "preîgus",
"tags": [
"Cretan"
],
"word": "πρεῖγυς"
}
],
"word": "πρέσβυς"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "presbeía",
"word": "πρεσβεία"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "presbeîon",
"word": "πρεσβεῖον"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "presbeúō",
"word": "πρεσβεύω"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-",
"id": "before"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-",
"4": "*pres",
"5": "before, in front"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pres (“before, in front”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷṓws",
"4": "",
"5": "cattle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws (“cattle”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*gʷew-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷew-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "पुरोगव",
"3": "",
"4": "leader"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit पुरोगव (purogava, “leader”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pre(y)sgʷu-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pre(y)sgʷu-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "երէց",
"3": "",
"4": "elder, senior"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian երէց (erēcʻ, “elder, senior”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "priscus",
"3": "",
"4": "ancient"
},
"expansion": "Latin priscus (“ancient”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The first component of the word is likely from Proto-Indo-European *pres (“before, in front”), an extended form of *per-. The second component is debated:\n* From Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws (“cattle”), thus \"one who leads cattle\".\n* From Proto-Indo-European *gʷew-, a variant of *gʷem- (“to go”), thus \"one who goes in front\". Compare Sanskrit पुरोगव (purogava, “leader”), from पुरस् (puras, “in front”) and गम् (gam, “to go”).\n* Together with the first component, from Proto-Indo-European *pre(y)sgʷu-, and cognate with Old Armenian երէց (erēcʻ, “elder, senior”) and Latin priscus (“ancient”), pristinus (“primitive, pristine”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "πρέσβῠς",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "présbus",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβεως",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic irregular",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ὁ πρέσβῠς",
"roman": "ho présbus",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ πρέσβη",
"roman": "tṑ présbē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "οἱ πρέσβεις",
"roman": "hoi présbeis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῦ πρέσβεως",
"roman": "toû présbeōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "τῶν πρέσβεων",
"roman": "tôn présbeōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῷ πρέσβει",
"roman": "tôi présbei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖς πρέσβεσῐ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβεσῐν",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîs présbesi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîs présbesin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸν πρέσβῠν",
"roman": "tòn présbun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ πρέσβη",
"roman": "tṑ présbē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοὺς πρέσβεις",
"roman": "toùs présbeis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβῠ",
"roman": "présbu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβη",
"roman": "présbē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβεις",
"roman": "présbeis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "πρέσβῠς",
"2": "πρέσβεως",
"3": "m",
"4": "third"
},
"expansion": "πρέσβῠς • (présbus) m (genitive πρέσβεως); third declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "irreg",
"10": "πρέσβεων",
"11": "πρέσβεσῐ(ν)",
"12": "πρέσβεις",
"2": "πρέσβῠς",
"3": "πρέσβεως",
"4": "πρέσβει",
"5": "πρέσβῠν",
"6": "πρέσβῠ",
"7": "πρέσβη",
"8": "-",
"9": "πρέσβεις",
"form": "M"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"old man"
],
"id": "en-πρέσβυς-grc-noun-DKUym1yx",
"links": [
[
"old",
"old"
],
[
"man",
"man"
]
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "458 BCE, Aeschylus, Agamemnon 184,205,530"
}
],
"glosses": [
"elder, chief, prince"
],
"id": "en-πρέσβυς-grc-noun-R4rC~A79",
"links": [
[
"elder",
"elder"
],
[
"chief",
"chief"
],
[
"prince",
"prince"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"revered, honored"
],
"id": "en-πρέσβυς-grc-noun-8g5thruo",
"links": [
[
"revered",
"revered"
],
[
"honored",
"honored"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(superlative) revered, honored"
],
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "470 BCE, Aeschylus, The Suppliants 728"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ambassador"
],
"id": "en-πρέσβυς-grc-noun-y3SwEcrL",
"links": [
[
"ambassador",
"ambassador"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "4 3 0 89 4 0 0",
"roman": "presbeutḗs",
"sense": "ambassador",
"word": "πρεσβευτής"
}
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Inscriptiones Laconiae 1237, 1326"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a political title, higher than γέρων (gérōn, “senator”): chief, president"
],
"id": "en-πρέσβυς-grc-noun-S18KfuLG",
"links": [
[
"γέρων",
"γέρων#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"chief",
"chief"
],
[
"president",
"president"
]
],
"qualifier": "at Sparta",
"raw_glosses": [
"(at Sparta) a political title, higher than γέρων (gérōn, “senator”): chief, president"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "22 11 10 10 4 6 31 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, History of Animals 9.11,5"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a name of the τρόχιλος (trókhilos, “wren”)"
],
"id": "en-πρέσβυς-grc-noun-lAQD7fq7",
"links": [
[
"τρόχιλος",
"τρόχιλος#Ancient_Greek"
]
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, History of Animals 9.1,15"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a type of daw or chough"
],
"id": "en-πρέσβυς-grc-noun-N0yYR~7l",
"links": [
[
"daw",
"daw"
],
[
"chough",
"chough"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/préz.bys/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈprez.βys/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈprez.vis/"
},
{
"ipa": "/préz.bys/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈprez.bys/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈprez.βys/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈprez.vys/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈprez.vis/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "preîgus",
"tags": [
"Cretan"
],
"word": "πρεῖγυς"
}
],
"word": "πρέσβυς"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
"Ancient Greek adjectives",
"Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"Ancient Greek irregular nouns",
"Ancient Greek lemmas",
"Ancient Greek masculine nouns",
"Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the third declension",
"Ancient Greek nouns",
"Ancient Greek paroxytone terms",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *per- (before)",
"Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Ancient Greek third-declension nouns",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-",
"id": "before"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-",
"4": "*pres",
"5": "before, in front"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pres (“before, in front”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷṓws",
"4": "",
"5": "cattle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws (“cattle”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*gʷew-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷew-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "पुरोगव",
"3": "",
"4": "leader"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit पुरोगव (purogava, “leader”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pre(y)sgʷu-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pre(y)sgʷu-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "երէց",
"3": "",
"4": "elder, senior"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian երէց (erēcʻ, “elder, senior”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "priscus",
"3": "",
"4": "ancient"
},
"expansion": "Latin priscus (“ancient”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The first component of the word is likely from Proto-Indo-European *pres (“before, in front”), an extended form of *per-. The second component is debated:\n* From Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws (“cattle”), thus \"one who leads cattle\".\n* From Proto-Indo-European *gʷew-, a variant of *gʷem- (“to go”), thus \"one who goes in front\". Compare Sanskrit पुरोगव (purogava, “leader”), from पुरस् (puras, “in front”) and गम् (gam, “to go”).\n* Together with the first component, from Proto-Indo-European *pre(y)sgʷu-, and cognate with Old Armenian երէց (erēcʻ, “elder, senior”) and Latin priscus (“ancient”), pristinus (“primitive, pristine”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "πρέσβῠς",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "présbus",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβειᾰ",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβῠ",
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-3",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβῠς",
"roman": "présbus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβειᾰ",
"roman": "présbeia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβῠ",
"roman": "présbu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβεε",
"roman": "présbee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "πρεσβείᾱ",
"roman": "presbeíā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβεε",
"roman": "présbee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"neuter",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβεις",
"roman": "présbeis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβειαι",
"roman": "présbeiai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβη",
"roman": "présbē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβεᾰ",
"roman": "présbea",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβεος",
"roman": "présbeos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "πρεσβείᾱς",
"roman": "presbeíās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβεος",
"roman": "présbeos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "πρεσβέοιν",
"roman": "presbéoin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "πρεσβείαιν",
"roman": "presbeíain",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "πρεσβέοιν",
"roman": "presbéoin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "πρεσβέων",
"roman": "presbéōn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "πρεσβειῶν",
"roman": "presbeiôn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "πρεσβέων",
"roman": "presbéōn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβει",
"roman": "présbei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "πρεσβείᾳ",
"roman": "presbeíāi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβει",
"roman": "présbei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "πρεσβέοιν",
"roman": "presbéoin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "πρεσβείαιν",
"roman": "presbeíain",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "πρεσβέοιν",
"roman": "presbéoin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβεσῐ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβεσῐν",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "présbesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "présbesin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "πρεσβείαις",
"roman": "presbeíais",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβεσῐ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβεσῐν",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "présbesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "présbesin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβῠν",
"roman": "présbun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβειᾰν",
"roman": "présbeian",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβῠ",
"roman": "présbu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβεε",
"roman": "présbee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "πρεσβείᾱ",
"roman": "presbeíā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβεε",
"roman": "présbee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβεις",
"roman": "présbeis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "πρεσβείᾱς",
"roman": "presbeíās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβη",
"roman": "présbē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβεᾰ",
"roman": "présbea",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβῠ",
"roman": "présbu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβειᾰ",
"roman": "présbeia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβῠ",
"roman": "présbu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβεε",
"roman": "présbee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "πρεσβείᾱ",
"roman": "presbeíā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβεε",
"roman": "présbee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"neuter",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβεις",
"roman": "présbeis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβειαι",
"roman": "présbeiai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβη",
"roman": "présbē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβεᾰ",
"roman": "présbea",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "πρεσβέως",
"roman": "presbéōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "πρεσβῠ́τερος",
"roman": "presbúteros",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "πρεσβῠ́τᾰτος",
"roman": "presbútatos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"superlative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "πρέσβῠς",
"2": "πρέσβειᾰ"
},
"name": "grc-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "429 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus the King 941"
},
{
"text": "409 BCE, Sophocles, Philoctetes 665"
}
],
"glosses": [
"elderly, aged"
],
"links": [
[
"elderly",
"elderly"
],
[
"aged",
"aged"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/préz.bys/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈprez.βys/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈprez.vis/"
},
{
"ipa": "/préz.bys/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈprez.bys/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈprez.βys/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈprez.vys/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈprez.vis/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "preîgus",
"tags": [
"Cretan"
],
"word": "πρεῖγυς"
}
],
"word": "πρέσβυς"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
"Ancient Greek adjectives",
"Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"Ancient Greek irregular nouns",
"Ancient Greek lemmas",
"Ancient Greek masculine nouns",
"Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the third declension",
"Ancient Greek nouns",
"Ancient Greek paroxytone terms",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *per- (before)",
"Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Ancient Greek third-declension nouns",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "presbeía",
"word": "πρεσβεία"
},
{
"roman": "presbeîon",
"word": "πρεσβεῖον"
},
{
"roman": "presbeúō",
"word": "πρεσβεύω"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-",
"id": "before"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-",
"4": "*pres",
"5": "before, in front"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pres (“before, in front”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷṓws",
"4": "",
"5": "cattle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws (“cattle”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*gʷew-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷew-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "पुरोगव",
"3": "",
"4": "leader"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit पुरोगव (purogava, “leader”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pre(y)sgʷu-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pre(y)sgʷu-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "երէց",
"3": "",
"4": "elder, senior"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian երէց (erēcʻ, “elder, senior”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "priscus",
"3": "",
"4": "ancient"
},
"expansion": "Latin priscus (“ancient”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The first component of the word is likely from Proto-Indo-European *pres (“before, in front”), an extended form of *per-. The second component is debated:\n* From Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws (“cattle”), thus \"one who leads cattle\".\n* From Proto-Indo-European *gʷew-, a variant of *gʷem- (“to go”), thus \"one who goes in front\". Compare Sanskrit पुरोगव (purogava, “leader”), from पुरस् (puras, “in front”) and गम् (gam, “to go”).\n* Together with the first component, from Proto-Indo-European *pre(y)sgʷu-, and cognate with Old Armenian երէց (erēcʻ, “elder, senior”) and Latin priscus (“ancient”), pristinus (“primitive, pristine”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "πρέσβῠς",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "présbus",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβεως",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic irregular",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ὁ πρέσβῠς",
"roman": "ho présbus",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ πρέσβη",
"roman": "tṑ présbē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "οἱ πρέσβεις",
"roman": "hoi présbeis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῦ πρέσβεως",
"roman": "toû présbeōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "τῶν πρέσβεων",
"roman": "tôn présbeōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῷ πρέσβει",
"roman": "tôi présbei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖς πρέσβεσῐ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβεσῐν",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîs présbesi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîs présbesin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸν πρέσβῠν",
"roman": "tòn présbun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ πρέσβη",
"roman": "tṑ présbē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοὺς πρέσβεις",
"roman": "toùs présbeis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβῠ",
"roman": "présbu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβη",
"roman": "présbē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "πρέσβεις",
"roman": "présbeis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "πρέσβῠς",
"2": "πρέσβεως",
"3": "m",
"4": "third"
},
"expansion": "πρέσβῠς • (présbus) m (genitive πρέσβεως); third declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "irreg",
"10": "πρέσβεων",
"11": "πρέσβεσῐ(ν)",
"12": "πρέσβεις",
"2": "πρέσβῠς",
"3": "πρέσβεως",
"4": "πρέσβει",
"5": "πρέσβῠν",
"6": "πρέσβῠ",
"7": "πρέσβη",
"8": "-",
"9": "πρέσβεις",
"form": "M"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"old man"
],
"links": [
[
"old",
"old"
],
[
"man",
"man"
]
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "458 BCE, Aeschylus, Agamemnon 184,205,530"
}
],
"glosses": [
"elder, chief, prince"
],
"links": [
[
"elder",
"elder"
],
[
"chief",
"chief"
],
[
"prince",
"prince"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"revered, honored"
],
"links": [
[
"revered",
"revered"
],
[
"honored",
"honored"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(superlative) revered, honored"
],
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "470 BCE, Aeschylus, The Suppliants 728"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ambassador"
],
"links": [
[
"ambassador",
"ambassador"
]
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Inscriptiones Laconiae 1237, 1326"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a political title, higher than γέρων (gérōn, “senator”): chief, president"
],
"links": [
[
"γέρων",
"γέρων#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"chief",
"chief"
],
[
"president",
"president"
]
],
"qualifier": "at Sparta",
"raw_glosses": [
"(at Sparta) a political title, higher than γέρων (gérōn, “senator”): chief, president"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, History of Animals 9.11,5"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a name of the τρόχιλος (trókhilos, “wren”)"
],
"links": [
[
"τρόχιλος",
"τρόχιλος#Ancient_Greek"
]
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, History of Animals 9.1,15"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a type of daw or chough"
],
"links": [
[
"daw",
"daw"
],
[
"chough",
"chough"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/préz.bys/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈprez.βys/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈprez.vis/"
},
{
"ipa": "/préz.bys/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈprez.bys/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈprez.βys/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈprez.vys/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈprez.vis/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "presbeutḗs",
"sense": "ambassador",
"word": "πρεσβευτής"
},
{
"roman": "preîgus",
"tags": [
"Cretan"
],
"word": "πρεῖγυς"
}
],
"word": "πρέσβυς"
}
Download raw JSONL data for πρέσβυς meaning in Ancient Greek (17.4kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: πρέσβυς/Ancient Greek 'Number' base_tags={'-', 'c', 's', 'o', 'A', 't', '3', 'n', 'd', 'i', 'e', 'l'}",
"path": [
"πρέσβυς"
],
"section": "Ancient Greek",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "πρέσβυς",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Ancient Greek dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.