πενία in Ancient Greek

IPA: /pe.ní.aː/, /peˈni.a/, /peˈni.a/, /pe.ní.aː/ (note: 5ᵗʰ BCE Attic), /peˈni.a/ (note: 1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian), /peˈni.a/ (note: 4ᵗʰ CE Koine), /peˈni.a/ (note: 10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine), /peˈni.a/ (note: 15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan) [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Etymology: From πένης (pénēs, “poor”) + -ίᾱ (-íā). Etymology templates: {{af|grc|πένης|-ίᾱ|t1=poor}} πένης (pénēs, “poor”) + -ίᾱ (-íā) Head templates: {{grc-noun|πενῐ́ᾱ|πενῐ́ᾱς|f|first}} πενῐ́ᾱ • (penĭ́ā) f (genitive πενῐ́ᾱς); first declension Inflection templates: {{grc-decl|πενῐ́ᾱ|ας}} Forms: πενῐ́ᾱ [canonical], penĭ́ā [romanization], πενῐ́ᾱς [genitive], Attic declension-1 [table-tags], ἡ πενῐ́ᾱ [nominative, singular], πενῐ́ᾱ [dual, nominative], αἱ πενῐ́αι [nominative, plural], τῆς πενῐ́ᾱς [genitive, singular], πενῐ́αιν [dual, genitive], πενῐῶν [genitive, plural], τῇ πενῐ́ᾳ [dative, singular], πενῐ́αιν [dative, dual], ταῖς πενῐ́αις [dative, plural], τὴν πενῐ́ᾱν [accusative, singular], πενῐ́ᾱ [accusative, dual], τᾱ̀ς πενῐ́ᾱς [accusative, plural], πενῐ́ᾱ [singular, vocative], πενῐ́ᾱ [dual, vocative], πενῐ́αι [plural, vocative]

[Show JSON for postprocessed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▼] [Hide JSON for postprocessed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▲]

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "πένης",
        "3": "-ίᾱ",
        "t1": "poor"
      },
      "expansion": "πένης (pénēs, “poor”) + -ίᾱ (-íā)",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From πένης (pénēs, “poor”) + -ίᾱ (-íā).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "πενῐ́ᾱ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penĭ́ā",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πενῐ́ᾱς",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "First declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἡ πενῐ́ᾱ",
      "roman": "hē penĭ́ā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πενῐ́ᾱ",
      "roman": "penĭ́ā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "αἱ πενῐ́αι",
      "roman": "hai penĭ́ai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῆς πενῐ́ᾱς",
      "roman": "tês penĭ́ās",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πενῐ́αιν",
      "roman": "penĭ́ain",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πενῐῶν",
      "roman": "penĭôn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῇ πενῐ́ᾳ",
      "roman": "têi penĭ́āi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πενῐ́αιν",
      "roman": "penĭ́ain",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ταῖς πενῐ́αις",
      "roman": "taîs penĭ́ais",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὴν πενῐ́ᾱν",
      "roman": "tḕn penĭ́ān",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πενῐ́ᾱ",
      "roman": "penĭ́ā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾱ̀ς πενῐ́ᾱς",
      "roman": "tā̀s penĭ́ās",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πενῐ́ᾱ",
      "roman": "penĭ́ā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πενῐ́ᾱ",
      "roman": "penĭ́ā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πενῐ́αι",
      "roman": "penĭ́ai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "πενῐ́ᾱ",
        "2": "πενῐ́ᾱς",
        "3": "f",
        "4": "first"
      },
      "expansion": "πενῐ́ᾱ • (penĭ́ā) f (genitive πενῐ́ᾱς); first declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "πενῐ́ᾱ",
        "2": "ας"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "περῐουσῐ́ᾱ"
        },
        {
          "word": "πλοῦτος"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the first declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ία",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "poverty, indigence, beggary"
      ],
      "id": "en-πενία-grc-noun-K3ZWTB8U",
      "links": [
        [
          "poverty",
          "poverty"
        ],
        [
          "indigence",
          "indigence"
        ],
        [
          "beggary",
          "beggary"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pe.ní.aː/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/peˈni.a/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/peˈni.a/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pe.ní.aː/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/peˈni.a/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/peˈni.a/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/peˈni.a/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/peˈni.a/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "πενία"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "πένης",
        "3": "-ίᾱ",
        "t1": "poor"
      },
      "expansion": "πένης (pénēs, “poor”) + -ίᾱ (-íā)",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From πένης (pénēs, “poor”) + -ίᾱ (-íā).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "πενῐ́ᾱ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penĭ́ā",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πενῐ́ᾱς",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "First declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἡ πενῐ́ᾱ",
      "roman": "hē penĭ́ā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πενῐ́ᾱ",
      "roman": "penĭ́ā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "αἱ πενῐ́αι",
      "roman": "hai penĭ́ai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῆς πενῐ́ᾱς",
      "roman": "tês penĭ́ās",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πενῐ́αιν",
      "roman": "penĭ́ain",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πενῐῶν",
      "roman": "penĭôn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῇ πενῐ́ᾳ",
      "roman": "têi penĭ́āi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πενῐ́αιν",
      "roman": "penĭ́ain",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ταῖς πενῐ́αις",
      "roman": "taîs penĭ́ais",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὴν πενῐ́ᾱν",
      "roman": "tḕn penĭ́ān",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πενῐ́ᾱ",
      "roman": "penĭ́ā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾱ̀ς πενῐ́ᾱς",
      "roman": "tā̀s penĭ́ās",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πενῐ́ᾱ",
      "roman": "penĭ́ā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πενῐ́ᾱ",
      "roman": "penĭ́ā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πενῐ́αι",
      "roman": "penĭ́ai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "πενῐ́ᾱ",
        "2": "πενῐ́ᾱς",
        "3": "f",
        "4": "first"
      },
      "expansion": "πενῐ́ᾱ • (penĭ́ā) f (genitive πενῐ́ᾱς); first declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "πενῐ́ᾱ",
        "2": "ας"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "περῐουσῐ́ᾱ"
        },
        {
          "word": "πλοῦτος"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Ancient Greek 3-syllable words",
        "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
        "Ancient Greek feminine nouns",
        "Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the first declension",
        "Ancient Greek first-declension nouns",
        "Ancient Greek lemmas",
        "Ancient Greek nouns",
        "Ancient Greek paroxytone terms",
        "Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ία",
        "Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "poverty, indigence, beggary"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "poverty",
          "poverty"
        ],
        [
          "indigence",
          "indigence"
        ],
        [
          "beggary",
          "beggary"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pe.ní.aː/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/peˈni.a/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/peˈni.a/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pe.ní.aː/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/peˈni.a/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/peˈni.a/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/peˈni.a/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/peˈni.a/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "πενία"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Ancient Greek dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (9c82c1c and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"πενία" meaning in Ancient Greek

Noun