See ξίφος in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xiphḗrēs",
"word": "ξιφήρης"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xiphíās",
"word": "ξῐφῐ́ᾱς"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xíphion",
"word": "ξῐ́φῐον"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xiphismós",
"word": "ξιφισμός"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xiphodrépanon",
"word": "ξῐφοδρέπᾰνον"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xiphothḗkē",
"word": "ξῐφοθήκη"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xiphomákhaira",
"word": "ξῐφομᾰ́χαιρᾰ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xiphourgós",
"word": "ξῐφουργός"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "ξίφος"
},
"expansion": "Greek: ξίφος (xífos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Greek: ξίφος (xífos)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-mar",
"2": "пси́фос"
},
"expansion": "Mariupol Greek: пси́фос (psífos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mariupol Greek: пси́фос (psífos)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "qsb-grc",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Pre-Greek",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "egy",
"3": "zft",
"t": "sword, knife"
},
"expansion": "Egyptian zft (“sword, knife”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Already in Late Mycenaean Greek (Ta-716 from Pylos), attested in the dual 𐀥𐀯𐀟𐀁 (qi-si-pe-e, “two swords”) (mostly ideographically as 𐃉). Probably of Pre-Greek origin, related to and perhaps borrowed from Egyptian zft (“sword, knife”). If the Greek isn't borrowed directly from the Egyptian, perhaps both are from an Old Semitic saïf or sêf, or from a Libyan or \"Sea Peoples\" word.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ξῐ́φος",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "xíphos",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ξῐ́φεος",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ξῐ́φους",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-3",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Third declension",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸ ξῐ́φος",
"roman": "tò xíphos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ ξῐ́φει",
"roman": "tṑ xíphei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "τᾰ̀ ξῐ́φη",
"roman": "tà xíphē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῦ ξῐ́φους",
"roman": "toû xíphous",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν ξῐφοῖν",
"roman": "toîn xiphoîn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "τῶν ξῐφῶν",
"roman": "tôn xiphôn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῷ ξῐ́φει",
"roman": "tôi xíphei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν ξῐφοῖν",
"roman": "toîn xiphoîn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖς ξῐ́φεσῐ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ξῐ́φεσῐν",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîs xíphesi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîs xíphesin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸ ξῐ́φος",
"roman": "tò xíphos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ ξῐ́φει",
"roman": "tṑ xíphei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τᾰ̀ ξῐ́φη",
"roman": "tà xíphē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ξῐ́φος",
"roman": "xíphos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ξῐ́φει",
"roman": "xíphei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ξῐ́φη",
"roman": "xíphē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ξῐ́φος",
"2": "ξῐ́φεος",
"3": "n",
"4": "third",
"gen2": "ξῐ́φους"
},
"expansion": "ξῐ́φος • (xíphos) n (genitive ξῐ́φεος or ξῐ́φους); third declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ξῐ́φος",
"2": "ξῐ́φους"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 25 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 25 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 24 28 24",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Iris family plants",
"orig": "grc:Iris family plants",
"parents": [
"Asparagales order plants",
"Flowers",
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 24 27 24",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Swords",
"orig": "grc:Swords",
"parents": [
"Weapons",
"Hunting",
"Military",
"Tools",
"Human activity",
"Society",
"Technology",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, History of Animals 4.1.21"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sword, the short, straight, double-edged sword of the Iron Age and Classical Antiquity.",
"the sword-shaped bone of the cuttlefish"
],
"id": "en-ξίφος-grc-noun-wBA81Wro",
"links": [
[
"sword",
"sword"
],
[
"cuttlefish",
"cuttlefish"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 25 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 25 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 24 28 24",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Iris family plants",
"orig": "grc:Iris family plants",
"parents": [
"Asparagales order plants",
"Flowers",
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 24 27 24",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Swords",
"orig": "grc:Swords",
"parents": [
"Weapons",
"Hunting",
"Military",
"Tools",
"Human activity",
"Society",
"Technology",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Fragments 306"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sword, the short, straight, double-edged sword of the Iron Age and Classical Antiquity.",
"the sword-shaped bone of the cuttlefish",
"swordfish"
],
"id": "en-ξίφος-grc-noun--QKMkqsd",
"links": [
[
"sword",
"sword"
],
[
"cuttlefish",
"cuttlefish"
],
[
"swordfish",
"swordfish"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 25 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 25 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 41 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 15 54 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 20 47 17",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Fish",
"orig": "grc:Fish",
"parents": [
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 24 28 24",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Iris family plants",
"orig": "grc:Iris family plants",
"parents": [
"Asparagales order plants",
"Flowers",
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 24 27 24",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Swords",
"orig": "grc:Swords",
"parents": [
"Weapons",
"Hunting",
"Military",
"Tools",
"Human activity",
"Society",
"Technology",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "371 BCE – 287 BCE, Theophrastus, Enquiry into Plants 7.13.1"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sword, the short, straight, double-edged sword of the Iron Age and Classical Antiquity.",
"corn-flag (Gladiolus italicus)"
],
"id": "en-ξίφος-grc-noun-MkktS6Zu",
"links": [
[
"sword",
"sword"
],
[
"corn-flag",
"corn-flag"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ξίφιον"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 25 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 25 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 24 28 24",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Iris family plants",
"orig": "grc:Iris family plants",
"parents": [
"Asparagales order plants",
"Flowers",
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 24 27 24",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Swords",
"orig": "grc:Swords",
"parents": [
"Weapons",
"Hunting",
"Military",
"Tools",
"Human activity",
"Society",
"Technology",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.194"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sword, the short, straight, double-edged sword of the Iron Age and Classical Antiquity."
],
"id": "en-ξίφος-grc-noun-4o9Yr1CF",
"links": [
[
"sword",
"sword"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ksí.pʰos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈksi.ɸos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈksi.fos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ksí.pʰos/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈksi.pʰos/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈksi.ɸos/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈksi.fos/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈksi.fos/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "skíphos",
"tags": [
"Aeolic"
],
"word": "σκῐ́φος"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Xiphos"
],
"word": "ξίφος"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
"Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"Ancient Greek lemmas",
"Ancient Greek neuter nouns",
"Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension",
"Ancient Greek nouns",
"Ancient Greek paroxytone terms",
"Ancient Greek terms borrowed from a Pre-Greek substrate",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from Egyptian",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from a Pre-Greek substrate",
"Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Ancient Greek third-declension nouns",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"grc:Fish",
"grc:Iris family plants",
"grc:Swords"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "xiphḗrēs",
"word": "ξιφήρης"
},
{
"roman": "xiphíās",
"word": "ξῐφῐ́ᾱς"
},
{
"roman": "xíphion",
"word": "ξῐ́φῐον"
},
{
"roman": "xiphismós",
"word": "ξιφισμός"
},
{
"roman": "xiphodrépanon",
"word": "ξῐφοδρέπᾰνον"
},
{
"roman": "xiphothḗkē",
"word": "ξῐφοθήκη"
},
{
"roman": "xiphomákhaira",
"word": "ξῐφομᾰ́χαιρᾰ"
},
{
"roman": "xiphourgós",
"word": "ξῐφουργός"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "ξίφος"
},
"expansion": "Greek: ξίφος (xífos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Greek: ξίφος (xífos)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-mar",
"2": "пси́фос"
},
"expansion": "Mariupol Greek: пси́фос (psífos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mariupol Greek: пси́фос (psífos)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "qsb-grc",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Pre-Greek",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "egy",
"3": "zft",
"t": "sword, knife"
},
"expansion": "Egyptian zft (“sword, knife”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Already in Late Mycenaean Greek (Ta-716 from Pylos), attested in the dual 𐀥𐀯𐀟𐀁 (qi-si-pe-e, “two swords”) (mostly ideographically as 𐃉). Probably of Pre-Greek origin, related to and perhaps borrowed from Egyptian zft (“sword, knife”). If the Greek isn't borrowed directly from the Egyptian, perhaps both are from an Old Semitic saïf or sêf, or from a Libyan or \"Sea Peoples\" word.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ξῐ́φος",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "xíphos",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ξῐ́φεος",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ξῐ́φους",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-3",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Third declension",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸ ξῐ́φος",
"roman": "tò xíphos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ ξῐ́φει",
"roman": "tṑ xíphei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "τᾰ̀ ξῐ́φη",
"roman": "tà xíphē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῦ ξῐ́φους",
"roman": "toû xíphous",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν ξῐφοῖν",
"roman": "toîn xiphoîn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "τῶν ξῐφῶν",
"roman": "tôn xiphôn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῷ ξῐ́φει",
"roman": "tôi xíphei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν ξῐφοῖν",
"roman": "toîn xiphoîn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖς ξῐ́φεσῐ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ξῐ́φεσῐν",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîs xíphesi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîs xíphesin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸ ξῐ́φος",
"roman": "tò xíphos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ ξῐ́φει",
"roman": "tṑ xíphei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τᾰ̀ ξῐ́φη",
"roman": "tà xíphē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ξῐ́φος",
"roman": "xíphos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ξῐ́φει",
"roman": "xíphei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ξῐ́φη",
"roman": "xíphē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ξῐ́φος",
"2": "ξῐ́φεος",
"3": "n",
"4": "third",
"gen2": "ξῐ́φους"
},
"expansion": "ξῐ́φος • (xíphos) n (genitive ξῐ́φεος or ξῐ́φους); third declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ξῐ́φος",
"2": "ξῐ́φους"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, History of Animals 4.1.21"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sword, the short, straight, double-edged sword of the Iron Age and Classical Antiquity.",
"the sword-shaped bone of the cuttlefish"
],
"links": [
[
"sword",
"sword"
],
[
"cuttlefish",
"cuttlefish"
]
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Fragments 306"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sword, the short, straight, double-edged sword of the Iron Age and Classical Antiquity.",
"the sword-shaped bone of the cuttlefish",
"swordfish"
],
"links": [
[
"sword",
"sword"
],
[
"cuttlefish",
"cuttlefish"
],
[
"swordfish",
"swordfish"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "371 BCE – 287 BCE, Theophrastus, Enquiry into Plants 7.13.1"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sword, the short, straight, double-edged sword of the Iron Age and Classical Antiquity.",
"corn-flag (Gladiolus italicus)"
],
"links": [
[
"sword",
"sword"
],
[
"corn-flag",
"corn-flag"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ξίφιον"
}
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.194"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sword, the short, straight, double-edged sword of the Iron Age and Classical Antiquity."
],
"links": [
[
"sword",
"sword"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ksí.pʰos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈksi.ɸos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈksi.fos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ksí.pʰos/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈksi.pʰos/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈksi.ɸos/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈksi.fos/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈksi.fos/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "skíphos",
"tags": [
"Aeolic"
],
"word": "σκῐ́φος"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Xiphos"
],
"word": "ξίφος"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ξίφος meaning in Ancient Greek (6.5kB)
{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "''sword, the short, straight, do'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
"ξίφος"
],
"section": "Ancient Greek",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ξίφος",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Ancient Greek dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.