"νῶτον" meaning in Ancient Greek

See νῶτον in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /nɔ̂ː.ton/, /ˈno.ton/, /ˈno.ton/, /nɔ̂ː.ton/ (note: 5ᵗʰ BCE Attic), /ˈno.ton/ (note: 1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian), /ˈno.ton/ (note: 4ᵗʰ CE Koine), /ˈno.ton/ (note: 10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine), /ˈno.ton/ (note: 15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan)
Etymology: There are no obvious cognates. If connected with Latin natis (“rump”), it can be either assumed a derivation from an old Proto-Indo-European root noun *n(e)h₃t- or a root *nh₂t-, which became thematicized in Greek. Etymology templates: {{cog|la|natis||rump}} Latin natis (“rump”), {{der|grc|ine-pro|-}} Proto-Indo-European Head templates: {{grc-noun|νώτου|n|second}} νῶτον • (nôton) n (genitive νώτου); second declension Inflection templates: {{grc-decl|νῶτον|νώτου}} Forms: nôton [romanization], νώτου [genitive], Attic declension-2 [table-tags], τὸ νῶτον [nominative, singular], τὼ νώτω [dual, nominative], τᾰ̀ νῶτᾰ [nominative, plural], τοῦ νώτου [genitive, singular], τοῖν νώτοιν [dual, genitive], τῶν νώτων [genitive, plural], τῷ νώτῳ [dative, singular], τοῖν νώτοιν [dative, dual], τοῖς νώτοις [dative, plural], τὸ νῶτον [accusative, singular], τὼ νώτω [accusative, dual], τᾰ̀ νῶτᾰ [accusative, plural], νῶτον [singular, vocative], νώτω [dual, vocative], νῶτᾰ [plural, vocative]
  1. back, the rear part of the body
    Sense id: en-νῶτον-grc-noun-NmtJwuM9
  2. chine of an animal served as food Categories (topical): Body parts, Foods
    Sense id: en-νῶτον-grc-noun-yAmugF-C Disambiguation of Body parts: 19 50 18 10 3 Disambiguation of Foods: 3 65 20 8 3 Categories (other): Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header, Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the second declension, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header: 6 42 33 13 6 Disambiguation of Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the second declension: 11 36 17 24 11 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 3 51 18 9 19 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 2 46 33 5 13
  3. (figuratively) any wide surface, especially of the sea Tags: figuratively
    Sense id: en-νῶτον-grc-noun-CT-2kiFB
  4. ridge of a hill, rock, saw
    Sense id: en-νῶτον-grc-noun-aUCgeoGI
  5. back of a page
    Sense id: en-νῶτον-grc-noun-gQ7al3Jn
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: νῶτος (nôtos)
Derived forms: νωταγωγός (nōtagōgós), νωτάκμων (nōtákmōn), νωτάρης (nōtárēs), νωτεύς (nōteús), νωτηγός (nōtēgós), νωτιαῖος (nōtiaîos), νωτιάς (nōtiás), νωτιδανός (nōtidanós), νωτίζω (nōtízō), νώτιος (nṓtios), νώτισμα (nṓtisma), νωτοβατέω (nōtobatéō), νωτόγραπτος (nōtógraptos), νωτοκοπέω (nōtokopéō), νωτοπλήξ (nōtoplḗx), νωτοστροφέω (nōtostrophéō), νωτοφόρος (nōtophóros), ποικιλόνωτος (poikilónōtos)

Inflected forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "nōtagōgós",
      "word": "νωταγωγός"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "nōtákmōn",
      "word": "νωτάκμων"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "nōtárēs",
      "word": "νωτάρης"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "nōteús",
      "word": "νωτεύς"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "nōtēgós",
      "word": "νωτηγός"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "nōtiaîos",
      "word": "νωτιαῖος"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "nōtiás",
      "word": "νωτιάς"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "nōtidanós",
      "word": "νωτιδανός"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "nōtízō",
      "word": "νωτίζω"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "nṓtios",
      "word": "νώτιος"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "nṓtisma",
      "word": "νώτισμα"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "nōtobatéō",
      "word": "νωτοβατέω"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "nōtógraptos",
      "word": "νωτόγραπτος"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "nōtokopéō",
      "word": "νωτοκοπέω"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "nōtoplḗx",
      "word": "νωτοπλήξ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "nōtostrophéō",
      "word": "νωτοστροφέω"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "nōtophóros",
      "word": "νωτοφόρος"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "poikilónōtos",
      "word": "ποικιλόνωτος"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "noto-"
          },
          "expansion": "English: noto-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: noto-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "el",
            "2": "νώτα"
          },
          "expansion": "Greek: νώτα (nóta)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "plurale tantum"
          },
          "expansion": "(plurale tantum)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Greek: νώτα (nóta) (plurale tantum)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "natis",
        "3": "",
        "4": "rump"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin natis (“rump”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "There are no obvious cognates. If connected with Latin natis (“rump”), it can be either assumed a derivation from an old Proto-Indo-European root noun *n(e)h₃t- or a root *nh₂t-, which became thematicized in Greek.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "nôton",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νώτου",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Second declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸ νῶτον",
      "roman": "tò nôton",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ νώτω",
      "roman": "tṑ nṓtō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰ̀ νῶτᾰ",
      "roman": "tà nôta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῦ νώτου",
      "roman": "toû nṓtou",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν νώτοιν",
      "roman": "toîn nṓtoin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῶν νώτων",
      "roman": "tôn nṓtōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῷ νώτῳ",
      "roman": "tôi nṓtōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν νώτοιν",
      "roman": "toîn nṓtoin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖς νώτοις",
      "roman": "toîs nṓtois",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸ νῶτον",
      "roman": "tò nôton",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ νώτω",
      "roman": "tṑ nṓtō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰ̀ νῶτᾰ",
      "roman": "tà nôta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νῶτον",
      "roman": "nôton",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νώτω",
      "roman": "nṓtō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νῶτᾰ",
      "roman": "nôta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "νώτου",
        "2": "n",
        "3": "second"
      },
      "expansion": "νῶτον • (nôton) n (genitive νώτου); second declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "νῶτον",
        "2": "νώτου"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "back, the rear part of the body"
      ],
      "id": "en-νῶτον-grc-noun-NmtJwuM9",
      "links": [
        [
          "back",
          "back"
        ],
        [
          "rear",
          "rear"
        ],
        [
          "body",
          "body"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "6 42 33 13 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 36 17 24 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 51 18 9 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 46 33 5 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 50 18 10 3",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "grc",
          "name": "Body parts",
          "orig": "grc:Body parts",
          "parents": [
            "Body",
            "Anatomy",
            "All topics",
            "Biology",
            "Medicine",
            "Fundamental",
            "Sciences",
            "Healthcare",
            "Health"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 65 20 8 3",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "grc",
          "name": "Foods",
          "orig": "grc:Foods",
          "parents": [
            "Eating",
            "Food and drink",
            "Human behaviour",
            "All topics",
            "Human",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "chine of an animal served as food"
      ],
      "id": "en-νῶτον-grc-noun-yAmugF-C",
      "links": [
        [
          "chine",
          "chine"
        ],
        [
          "animal",
          "animal"
        ],
        [
          "food",
          "food"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "any wide surface, especially of the sea"
      ],
      "id": "en-νῶτον-grc-noun-CT-2kiFB",
      "links": [
        [
          "wide",
          "wide"
        ],
        [
          "surface",
          "surface"
        ],
        [
          "sea",
          "sea"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively) any wide surface, especially of the sea"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "ridge of a hill, rock, saw"
      ],
      "id": "en-νῶτον-grc-noun-aUCgeoGI",
      "links": [
        [
          "ridge",
          "ridge"
        ],
        [
          "hill",
          "hill"
        ],
        [
          "rock",
          "rock"
        ],
        [
          "saw",
          "saw"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "back of a page"
      ],
      "id": "en-νῶτον-grc-noun-gQ7al3Jn",
      "links": [
        [
          "back",
          "back"
        ],
        [
          "page",
          "page"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/nɔ̂ː.ton/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈno.ton/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈno.ton/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/nɔ̂ː.ton/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈno.ton/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈno.ton/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈno.ton/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈno.ton/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "nôtos",
      "word": "νῶτος"
    }
  ],
  "word": "νῶτον"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
    "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
    "Ancient Greek lemmas",
    "Ancient Greek neuter nouns",
    "Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the second declension",
    "Ancient Greek nouns",
    "Ancient Greek properispomenon terms",
    "Ancient Greek second-declension nouns",
    "Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "grc:Body parts",
    "grc:Foods"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "nōtagōgós",
      "word": "νωταγωγός"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nōtákmōn",
      "word": "νωτάκμων"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nōtárēs",
      "word": "νωτάρης"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nōteús",
      "word": "νωτεύς"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nōtēgós",
      "word": "νωτηγός"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nōtiaîos",
      "word": "νωτιαῖος"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nōtiás",
      "word": "νωτιάς"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nōtidanós",
      "word": "νωτιδανός"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nōtízō",
      "word": "νωτίζω"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nṓtios",
      "word": "νώτιος"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nṓtisma",
      "word": "νώτισμα"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nōtobatéō",
      "word": "νωτοβατέω"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nōtógraptos",
      "word": "νωτόγραπτος"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nōtokopéō",
      "word": "νωτοκοπέω"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nōtoplḗx",
      "word": "νωτοπλήξ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nōtostrophéō",
      "word": "νωτοστροφέω"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nōtophóros",
      "word": "νωτοφόρος"
    },
    {
      "roman": "poikilónōtos",
      "word": "ποικιλόνωτος"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "noto-"
          },
          "expansion": "English: noto-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: noto-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "el",
            "2": "νώτα"
          },
          "expansion": "Greek: νώτα (nóta)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "plurale tantum"
          },
          "expansion": "(plurale tantum)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Greek: νώτα (nóta) (plurale tantum)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "natis",
        "3": "",
        "4": "rump"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin natis (“rump”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "There are no obvious cognates. If connected with Latin natis (“rump”), it can be either assumed a derivation from an old Proto-Indo-European root noun *n(e)h₃t- or a root *nh₂t-, which became thematicized in Greek.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "nôton",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νώτου",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Second declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸ νῶτον",
      "roman": "tò nôton",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ νώτω",
      "roman": "tṑ nṓtō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰ̀ νῶτᾰ",
      "roman": "tà nôta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῦ νώτου",
      "roman": "toû nṓtou",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν νώτοιν",
      "roman": "toîn nṓtoin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῶν νώτων",
      "roman": "tôn nṓtōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῷ νώτῳ",
      "roman": "tôi nṓtōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν νώτοιν",
      "roman": "toîn nṓtoin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖς νώτοις",
      "roman": "toîs nṓtois",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸ νῶτον",
      "roman": "tò nôton",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ νώτω",
      "roman": "tṑ nṓtō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰ̀ νῶτᾰ",
      "roman": "tà nôta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νῶτον",
      "roman": "nôton",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νώτω",
      "roman": "nṓtō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "νῶτᾰ",
      "roman": "nôta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "νώτου",
        "2": "n",
        "3": "second"
      },
      "expansion": "νῶτον • (nôton) n (genitive νώτου); second declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "νῶτον",
        "2": "νώτου"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "back, the rear part of the body"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "back",
          "back"
        ],
        [
          "rear",
          "rear"
        ],
        [
          "body",
          "body"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "chine of an animal served as food"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "chine",
          "chine"
        ],
        [
          "animal",
          "animal"
        ],
        [
          "food",
          "food"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "any wide surface, especially of the sea"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "wide",
          "wide"
        ],
        [
          "surface",
          "surface"
        ],
        [
          "sea",
          "sea"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively) any wide surface, especially of the sea"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "ridge of a hill, rock, saw"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ridge",
          "ridge"
        ],
        [
          "hill",
          "hill"
        ],
        [
          "rock",
          "rock"
        ],
        [
          "saw",
          "saw"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "back of a page"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "back",
          "back"
        ],
        [
          "page",
          "page"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/nɔ̂ː.ton/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈno.ton/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈno.ton/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/nɔ̂ː.ton/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈno.ton/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈno.ton/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈno.ton/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈno.ton/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "nôtos",
      "word": "νῶτος"
    }
  ],
  "word": "νῶτον"
}

Download raw JSONL data for νῶτον meaning in Ancient Greek (5.7kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Ancient Greek dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.