See κόσμος in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kósmēsis",
"sense": "κοσμέω (kosméō)",
"word": "κόσμησις"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kosmikós",
"word": "κοσμικός"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cop",
"2": "ⲕⲟⲥⲙⲟⲥ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Coptic: ⲕⲟⲥⲙⲟⲥ (kosmos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Coptic: ⲕⲟⲥⲙⲟⲥ (kosmos)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cosmos",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: cosmos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: cosmos"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "cosmos",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: cosmos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: cosmos"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "κόσμος"
},
"expansion": "Greek: κόσμος (kósmos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Greek: κόσμος (kósmos)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-mar",
"2": "ко́смос"
},
"expansion": "Mariupol Greek: ко́смос (kósmos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mariupol Greek: ко́смос (kósmos)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "kosmos",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Polish: kosmos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Polish: kosmos"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "космос",
"bor": "1",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "→ Russian: космос m (kosmos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Russian: космос m (kosmos)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱens-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "grk-pro",
"3": "*kónsmos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic *kónsmos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱónsmos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱónsmos",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cēnseō",
"t": "to estimate"
},
"expansion": "Latin cēnseō (“to estimate”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "शंसति",
"t": "to commend, praise"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit शंसति (śaṃsati, “to commend, praise”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Hellenic *kónsmos, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱónsmos, from *ḱens- (“to announce, put in order”). Related to Latin cēnseō (“to estimate”) and Sanskrit शंसति (śaṃsati, “to commend, praise”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kósmos",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "κόσμου",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-2",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Second declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ὁ κόσμος",
"roman": "ho kósmos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "κόσμω",
"roman": "kósmō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "οἱ κόσμοι",
"roman": "hoi kósmoi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῦ κόσμου",
"roman": "toû kósmou",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "κόσμοιν",
"roman": "kósmoin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "κόσμων",
"roman": "kósmōn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῷ κόσμῳ",
"roman": "tôi kósmōi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "κόσμοιν",
"roman": "kósmoin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖς κόσμοις",
"roman": "toîs kósmois",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸν κόσμον",
"roman": "tòn kósmon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "κόσμω",
"roman": "kósmō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοὺς κόσμους",
"roman": "toùs kósmous",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "κόσμε",
"roman": "kósme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "κόσμω",
"roman": "kósmō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "κόσμοι",
"roman": "kósmoi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "κόσμου",
"2": "m",
"3": "second"
},
"expansion": "κόσμος • (kósmos) m (genitive κόσμου); second declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "Epic",
"3": "Attic",
"4": "Ionic",
"5": "Doric",
"6": "Koine"
},
"expansion": "(Epic, Attic, Ionic, Doric, Koine)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "κόσμος",
"2": "κόσμου"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"order"
],
"id": "en-κόσμος-grc-noun-Put-luWc",
"links": [
[
"order",
"order"
]
],
"tags": [
"Attic",
"Doric",
"Epic",
"Ionic",
"Koine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"lawful order, government"
],
"id": "en-κόσμος-grc-noun-zocxRpBb",
"links": [
[
"lawful",
"lawful"
],
[
"government",
"government"
]
],
"tags": [
"Attic",
"Doric",
"Epic",
"Ionic",
"Koine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"mode, fashion"
],
"id": "en-κόσμος-grc-noun-R5GMlmWp",
"links": [
[
"mode",
"mode"
],
[
"fashion",
"fashion"
]
],
"tags": [
"Attic",
"Doric",
"Epic",
"Ionic",
"Koine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 14 8 25 17 8 8 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 14 9 25 17 9 9 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 14 9 26 17 9 9 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 6 5 38 28 5 5 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Attic Greek",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 2 1 84 7 1 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Doric Greek",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 6 5 57 11 5 5 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Epic Greek",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 2 1 85 6 1 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ionic Greek",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 5 5 47 20 5 5 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Koine Greek",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 1 21 3 1 1 1 25 1 3 1 2 2 14 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ornament, decoration"
],
"id": "en-κόσμος-grc-noun-3Luganks",
"links": [
[
"ornament",
"ornament"
],
[
"decoration",
"decoration"
]
],
"tags": [
"Attic",
"Doric",
"Epic",
"Ionic",
"Koine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"honour, credit"
],
"id": "en-κόσμος-grc-noun-eb0lBa1s",
"links": [
[
"honour",
"honour"
],
[
"credit",
"credit"
]
],
"tags": [
"Attic",
"Doric",
"Epic",
"Ionic",
"Koine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"ruler"
],
"id": "en-κόσμος-grc-noun-WXKBQGih",
"links": [
[
"ruler",
"ruler"
]
],
"tags": [
"Attic",
"Doric",
"Epic",
"Ionic",
"Koine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"world, universe, the earth"
],
"id": "en-κόσμος-grc-noun-hXW7JI4t",
"links": [
[
"world",
"world"
],
[
"universe",
"universe"
],
[
"earth",
"earth"
]
],
"tags": [
"Attic",
"Doric",
"Epic",
"Ionic",
"Koine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"mankind"
],
"id": "en-κόσμος-grc-noun-vUL5h1ss",
"links": [
[
"mankind",
"mankind"
]
],
"tags": [
"Attic",
"Doric",
"Epic",
"Ionic",
"Koine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kóz.mos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkoz.mos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkoz.mos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kóz.mos/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkoz.mos/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkoz.mos/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkoz.mos/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkoz.mos/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"word": "κόσμος"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
"Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"Ancient Greek lemmas",
"Ancient Greek masculine nouns",
"Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
"Ancient Greek nouns",
"Ancient Greek paroxytone terms",
"Ancient Greek second-declension nouns",
"Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Hellenic",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱens-",
"Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Hellenic",
"Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Attic Greek",
"Doric Greek",
"Epic Greek",
"Ionic Greek",
"Koine Greek",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "kósmēsis",
"sense": "κοσμέω (kosméō)",
"word": "κόσμησις"
},
{
"roman": "kosmikós",
"word": "κοσμικός"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cop",
"2": "ⲕⲟⲥⲙⲟⲥ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Coptic: ⲕⲟⲥⲙⲟⲥ (kosmos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Coptic: ⲕⲟⲥⲙⲟⲥ (kosmos)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cosmos",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: cosmos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: cosmos"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "cosmos",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: cosmos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: cosmos"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "κόσμος"
},
"expansion": "Greek: κόσμος (kósmos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Greek: κόσμος (kósmos)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-mar",
"2": "ко́смос"
},
"expansion": "Mariupol Greek: ко́смос (kósmos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mariupol Greek: ко́смос (kósmos)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "kosmos",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Polish: kosmos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Polish: kosmos"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "космос",
"bor": "1",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "→ Russian: космос m (kosmos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Russian: космос m (kosmos)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱens-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "grk-pro",
"3": "*kónsmos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic *kónsmos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱónsmos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱónsmos",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cēnseō",
"t": "to estimate"
},
"expansion": "Latin cēnseō (“to estimate”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "शंसति",
"t": "to commend, praise"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit शंसति (śaṃsati, “to commend, praise”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Hellenic *kónsmos, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱónsmos, from *ḱens- (“to announce, put in order”). Related to Latin cēnseō (“to estimate”) and Sanskrit शंसति (śaṃsati, “to commend, praise”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kósmos",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "κόσμου",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-2",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Second declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ὁ κόσμος",
"roman": "ho kósmos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "κόσμω",
"roman": "kósmō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "οἱ κόσμοι",
"roman": "hoi kósmoi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῦ κόσμου",
"roman": "toû kósmou",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "κόσμοιν",
"roman": "kósmoin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "κόσμων",
"roman": "kósmōn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῷ κόσμῳ",
"roman": "tôi kósmōi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "κόσμοιν",
"roman": "kósmoin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖς κόσμοις",
"roman": "toîs kósmois",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸν κόσμον",
"roman": "tòn kósmon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "κόσμω",
"roman": "kósmō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοὺς κόσμους",
"roman": "toùs kósmous",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "κόσμε",
"roman": "kósme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "κόσμω",
"roman": "kósmō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "κόσμοι",
"roman": "kósmoi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "κόσμου",
"2": "m",
"3": "second"
},
"expansion": "κόσμος • (kósmos) m (genitive κόσμου); second declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "Epic",
"3": "Attic",
"4": "Ionic",
"5": "Doric",
"6": "Koine"
},
"expansion": "(Epic, Attic, Ionic, Doric, Koine)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "κόσμος",
"2": "κόσμου"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"order"
],
"links": [
[
"order",
"order"
]
],
"tags": [
"Attic",
"Doric",
"Epic",
"Ionic",
"Koine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"lawful order, government"
],
"links": [
[
"lawful",
"lawful"
],
[
"government",
"government"
]
],
"tags": [
"Attic",
"Doric",
"Epic",
"Ionic",
"Koine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"mode, fashion"
],
"links": [
[
"mode",
"mode"
],
[
"fashion",
"fashion"
]
],
"tags": [
"Attic",
"Doric",
"Epic",
"Ionic",
"Koine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"ornament, decoration"
],
"links": [
[
"ornament",
"ornament"
],
[
"decoration",
"decoration"
]
],
"tags": [
"Attic",
"Doric",
"Epic",
"Ionic",
"Koine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"honour, credit"
],
"links": [
[
"honour",
"honour"
],
[
"credit",
"credit"
]
],
"tags": [
"Attic",
"Doric",
"Epic",
"Ionic",
"Koine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"ruler"
],
"links": [
[
"ruler",
"ruler"
]
],
"tags": [
"Attic",
"Doric",
"Epic",
"Ionic",
"Koine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"world, universe, the earth"
],
"links": [
[
"world",
"world"
],
[
"universe",
"universe"
],
[
"earth",
"earth"
]
],
"tags": [
"Attic",
"Doric",
"Epic",
"Ionic",
"Koine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"mankind"
],
"links": [
[
"mankind",
"mankind"
]
],
"tags": [
"Attic",
"Doric",
"Epic",
"Ionic",
"Koine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kóz.mos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkoz.mos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkoz.mos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kóz.mos/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkoz.mos/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkoz.mos/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkoz.mos/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkoz.mos/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"word": "κόσμος"
}
Download raw JSONL data for κόσμος meaning in Ancient Greek (7.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Ancient Greek dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (58c391d and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.