"καρκίνος" meaning in Ancient Greek

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "karkinóō",
      "word": "καρκινόω"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "karkínōma",
      "word": "καρκίνωμα"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xcl",
            "2": "կարակին",
            "3": "կարկին"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Armenian: կարակին (karakin), կարկին (karkin)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Armenian: կարակին (karakin), կարկին (karkin)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hy",
            "2": "կարկին"
          },
          "expansion": "Armenian: կարկին (karkin)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Armenian: կարկին (karkin)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc"
      },
      "expansion": "Uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*karkros"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *karkros",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "cancer"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin cancer",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "कर्कट"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit कर्कट (karkaṭa)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "qsb-grc",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Pre-Greek",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Uncertain. Could be from a Proto-Indo-European *karkros, with cognates including Latin cancer, and possibly Sanskrit कर्कट (karkaṭa), although relationship with the latter is less certain. There are elements which point to a non-Indo-European origin, perhaps Pre-Greek.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "καρκῐ́νος",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karkínos",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "καρκῐ́νου",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Second declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ὁ καρκῐ́νος",
      "roman": "ho karkínos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ καρκῐ́νω",
      "roman": "tṑ karkínō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "οἱ καρκῐ́νᾰ",
      "roman": "hoi karkína",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῦ καρκῐ́νου",
      "roman": "toû karkínou",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν καρκῐ́νοιν",
      "roman": "toîn karkínoin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῶν καρκῐ́νων",
      "roman": "tôn karkínōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῷ καρκῐ́νῳ",
      "roman": "tôi karkínōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν καρκῐ́νοιν",
      "roman": "toîn karkínoin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖς καρκῐ́νοις",
      "roman": "toîs karkínois",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸν καρκῐ́νον",
      "roman": "tòn karkínon",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ καρκῐ́νω",
      "roman": "tṑ karkínō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοὺς καρκῐ́νᾰ",
      "roman": "toùs karkína",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "καρκῐ́νε",
      "roman": "karkíne",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "καρκῐ́νω",
      "roman": "karkínō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "καρκῐ́νᾰ",
      "roman": "karkína",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "καρκῐ́νου",
        "2": "m",
        "3": "second",
        "head": "καρκῐ́νος"
      },
      "expansion": "καρκῐ́νος • (karkínos) m (genitive καρκῐ́νου); second declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "καρκῐ́νος",
        "2": "ου",
        "AP": "καρκῐ́νᾰ",
        "NP": "καρκῐ́νᾰ",
        "notes": "Note the irregular plurals"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "crab"
      ],
      "id": "en-καρκίνος-grc-noun-M0mpFffN",
      "links": [
        [
          "crab",
          "crab"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "3 13 12 19 14 6 9 6 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Cancer, the zodiac sign"
      ],
      "id": "en-καρκίνος-grc-noun-54g3UzIz",
      "links": [
        [
          "Cancer",
          "Cancer"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "0 65 35 0 0 0 0 0 0",
          "roman": "karkínōma",
          "sense": "cancer",
          "word": "καρκῐ́νωμᾰ"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "3 13 12 19 14 6 9 6 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "sore, ulcer, cancer"
      ],
      "id": "en-καρκίνος-grc-noun-vqmATxjp",
      "links": [
        [
          "sore",
          "sore"
        ],
        [
          "ulcer",
          "ulcer"
        ],
        [
          "cancer",
          "cancer"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "2 8 7 50 10 5 6 5 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 13 12 19 14 6 9 6 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 13 12 20 14 7 8 7 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 1 4 53 5 4 4 4 4 4 1 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 1 3 65 3 3 3 3 3 3 1 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 4 3 76 3 2 3 2 4",
          "kind": "lifeform",
          "langcode": "grc",
          "name": "Crustaceans",
          "orig": "grc:Crustaceans",
          "parents": [
            "Arthropods",
            "Animals",
            "Lifeforms",
            "All topics",
            "Life",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nature"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "items which resemble a crab's pincers",
        "pair of pincers, a type of torture instrument"
      ],
      "id": "en-καρκίνος-grc-noun-CIa-GrO9"
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "3 13 12 19 14 6 9 6 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "items which resemble a crab's pincers",
        "temple bones"
      ],
      "id": "en-καρκίνος-grc-noun-LchG4qsu"
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "items which resemble a crab's pincers",
        "type of shoe"
      ],
      "id": "en-καρκίνος-grc-noun-VeM3Zocd"
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "items which resemble a crab's pincers",
        "type of bandage"
      ],
      "id": "en-καρκίνος-grc-noun-GT3XDp0Y"
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "items which resemble a crab's pincers",
        "pair of compasses"
      ],
      "id": "en-καρκίνος-grc-noun-E8bBhXlX",
      "links": [
        [
          "compass",
          "compass"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "3 13 12 19 14 6 9 6 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "items which resemble a crab's pincers",
        "distillery"
      ],
      "id": "en-καρκίνος-grc-noun-WXktsJiy",
      "links": [
        [
          "distillery",
          "distillery"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kar.kí.nos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/karˈci.nos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/karˈci.nos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kar.kí.nos/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/karˈki.nos/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/karˈci.nos/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/karˈci.nos/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/karˈci.nos/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "καρκίνος"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Ancient Greek 3-syllable words",
    "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
    "Ancient Greek lemmas",
    "Ancient Greek masculine nouns",
    "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
    "Ancient Greek nouns",
    "Ancient Greek paroxytone terms",
    "Ancient Greek second-declension nouns",
    "Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified",
    "Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Ancient Greek terms derived from a Pre-Greek substrate",
    "Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Ancient Greek terms with unknown etymologies",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "el:Crustaceans",
    "grc:Crustaceans"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "karkinóō",
      "word": "καρκινόω"
    },
    {
      "roman": "karkínōma",
      "word": "καρκίνωμα"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xcl",
            "2": "կարակին",
            "3": "կարկին"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Armenian: կարակին (karakin), կարկին (karkin)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Armenian: կարակին (karakin), կարկին (karkin)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hy",
            "2": "կարկին"
          },
          "expansion": "Armenian: կարկին (karkin)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Armenian: կարկին (karkin)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc"
      },
      "expansion": "Uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*karkros"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *karkros",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "cancer"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin cancer",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "कर्कट"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit कर्कट (karkaṭa)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "qsb-grc",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Pre-Greek",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Uncertain. Could be from a Proto-Indo-European *karkros, with cognates including Latin cancer, and possibly Sanskrit कर्कट (karkaṭa), although relationship with the latter is less certain. There are elements which point to a non-Indo-European origin, perhaps Pre-Greek.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "καρκῐ́νος",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karkínos",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "καρκῐ́νου",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Second declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ὁ καρκῐ́νος",
      "roman": "ho karkínos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ καρκῐ́νω",
      "roman": "tṑ karkínō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "οἱ καρκῐ́νᾰ",
      "roman": "hoi karkína",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῦ καρκῐ́νου",
      "roman": "toû karkínou",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν καρκῐ́νοιν",
      "roman": "toîn karkínoin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῶν καρκῐ́νων",
      "roman": "tôn karkínōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῷ καρκῐ́νῳ",
      "roman": "tôi karkínōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν καρκῐ́νοιν",
      "roman": "toîn karkínoin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖς καρκῐ́νοις",
      "roman": "toîs karkínois",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸν καρκῐ́νον",
      "roman": "tòn karkínon",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ καρκῐ́νω",
      "roman": "tṑ karkínō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοὺς καρκῐ́νᾰ",
      "roman": "toùs karkína",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "καρκῐ́νε",
      "roman": "karkíne",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "καρκῐ́νω",
      "roman": "karkínō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "καρκῐ́νᾰ",
      "roman": "karkína",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "καρκῐ́νου",
        "2": "m",
        "3": "second",
        "head": "καρκῐ́νος"
      },
      "expansion": "καρκῐ́νος • (karkínos) m (genitive καρκῐ́νου); second declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "καρκῐ́νος",
        "2": "ου",
        "AP": "καρκῐ́νᾰ",
        "NP": "καρκῐ́νᾰ",
        "notes": "Note the irregular plurals"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "crab"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "crab",
          "crab"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Cancer, the zodiac sign"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Cancer",
          "Cancer"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "sore, ulcer, cancer"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sore",
          "sore"
        ],
        [
          "ulcer",
          "ulcer"
        ],
        [
          "cancer",
          "cancer"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "items which resemble a crab's pincers",
        "pair of pincers, a type of torture instrument"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "items which resemble a crab's pincers",
        "temple bones"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "items which resemble a crab's pincers",
        "type of shoe"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "items which resemble a crab's pincers",
        "type of bandage"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "items which resemble a crab's pincers",
        "pair of compasses"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "compass",
          "compass"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "items which resemble a crab's pincers",
        "distillery"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "distillery",
          "distillery"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kar.kí.nos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/karˈci.nos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/karˈci.nos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kar.kí.nos/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/karˈki.nos/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/karˈci.nos/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/karˈci.nos/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/karˈci.nos/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "karkínōma",
      "sense": "cancer",
      "word": "καρκῐ́νωμᾰ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "καρκίνος"
}