"καθαρός" meaning in Ancient Greek

See καθαρός in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /ka.tʰa.rós/, /ka.θaˈros/, /ka.θaˈros/, /ka.tʰa.rós/ (note: 5ᵗʰ BCE Attic), /ka.tʰaˈros/ (note: 1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian), /ka.θaˈros/ (note: 4ᵗʰ CE Koine), /ka.θaˈros/ (note: 10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine), /ka.θaˈros/ (note: 15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan)
Etymology: No suitable Indo-European cognates can be drawn; the traditional connection to Sanskrit शिथिर (śithira, “loose, relaxed”) requires too many ad hoc assumptions, both phonetic and semantic. This, along with α/ο variation, implies a borrowing from Pre-Greek. Etymology templates: {{ncog|sa|शिथिर|t=loose, relaxed}} Sanskrit शिथिर (śithira, “loose, relaxed”), {{bor|grc|qsb-grc|-}} Pre-Greek Head templates: {{grc-adj-1&2|κᾰθᾰρᾱ́|κᾰθᾰρόν|head=κᾰθᾰρός}} κᾰθᾰρός • (kăthărós) m (feminine κᾰθᾰρᾱ́, neuter κᾰθᾰρόν); first/second declension Inflection templates: {{grc-adecl|κᾰθᾰρός|ᾱ}} Forms: κᾰθᾰρός [canonical], kăthărós [romanization], κᾰθᾰρᾱ́ [feminine], κᾰθᾰρόν [neuter], Attic declension-2 [table-tags], κᾰθᾰρός [masculine, nominative, singular], κᾰθᾰρᾱ́ [feminine, nominative, singular], κᾰθᾰρόν [neuter, nominative, singular], κᾰθᾰρώ [dual, masculine, nominative], κᾰθᾰρᾱ́ [dual, feminine, nominative], κᾰθᾰρώ [dual, neuter, nominative], κᾰθᾰροί [masculine, nominative, plural], κᾰθᾰραί [feminine, nominative, plural], κᾰθᾰρᾰ́ [neuter, nominative, plural], κᾰθᾰροῦ [genitive, masculine, singular], κᾰθᾰρᾶς [feminine, genitive, singular], κᾰθᾰροῦ [genitive, neuter, singular], κᾰθᾰροῖν [dual, genitive, masculine], κᾰθᾰραῖν [dual, feminine, genitive], κᾰθᾰροῖν [dual, genitive, neuter], κᾰθᾰρῶν [genitive, masculine, plural], κᾰθᾰρῶν [feminine, genitive, plural], κᾰθᾰρῶν [genitive, neuter, plural], κᾰθᾰρῷ [dative, masculine, singular], κᾰθᾰρᾷ [dative, feminine, singular], κᾰθᾰρῷ [dative, neuter, singular], κᾰθᾰροῖν [dative, dual, masculine], κᾰθᾰραῖν [dative, dual, feminine], κᾰθᾰροῖν [dative, dual, neuter], κᾰθᾰροῖς [dative, masculine, plural], κᾰθᾰραῖς [dative, feminine, plural], κᾰθᾰροῖς [dative, neuter, plural], κᾰθᾰρόν [accusative, masculine, singular], κᾰθᾰρᾱ́ν [accusative, feminine, singular], κᾰθᾰρόν [accusative, neuter, singular], κᾰθᾰρώ [accusative, dual, masculine], κᾰθᾰρᾱ́ [accusative, dual, feminine], κᾰθᾰρώ [accusative, dual, neuter], κᾰθᾰρούς [accusative, masculine, plural], κᾰθᾰρᾱ́ς [accusative, feminine, plural], κᾰθᾰρᾰ́ [accusative, neuter, plural], κᾰθᾰρέ [masculine, singular, vocative], κᾰθᾰρᾱ́ [feminine, singular, vocative], κᾰθᾰρόν [neuter, singular, vocative], κᾰθᾰρώ [dual, masculine, vocative], κᾰθᾰρᾱ́ [dual, feminine, vocative], κᾰθᾰρώ [dual, neuter, vocative], κᾰθᾰροί [masculine, plural, vocative], κᾰθᾰραί [feminine, plural, vocative], κᾰθᾰρᾰ́ [neuter, plural, vocative], κᾰθᾰρῶς [adverbial, feminine, masculine, neuter], κᾰθᾰρώτερος [comparative, feminine, masculine, neuter], κᾰθᾰρώτᾰτος [feminine, masculine, neuter, superlative], κοθᾰρός [alternative, Doric], κόθᾰρος [alternative, Aeolic]
  1. clean, clear, pure Derived forms: κᾰθαίρω (kăthaírō), κᾰθᾰρεύω (kăthăreúō), κᾰθᾰρῐ́ζω (kăthărĭ́zō)
    Sense id: en-καθαρός-grc-adj-yCc6oi5I Categories (other): Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 53 0 15 4 28 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 42 0 21 2 34

Inflected forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "el",
            "2": "καθαρός"
          },
          "expansion": "Greek: καθαρός (katharós)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Greek: καθαρός (katharós)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grk-mar",
            "2": "катъаро́"
          },
          "expansion": "Mariupol Greek: катъаро́ (kaθaró)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Mariupol Greek: катъаро́ (kaθaró)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 0,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Non-Hellenic Descendants"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "kætter"
          },
          "expansion": "Danish: kætter",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Danish: kætter"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "ketter"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: ketter",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: ketter"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "Cathar"
          },
          "expansion": "English: Cathar",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: Cathar"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "cathare"
          },
          "expansion": "French: cathare",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "French: cathare"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "Ketzer"
          },
          "expansion": "German: Ketzer",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: Ketzer"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "la",
            "2": "Catharus"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin: Catharus",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin: Catharus (Catharī, m.pl.)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nds-de",
            "2": "Ketter"
          },
          "expansion": "German Low German: Ketter",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German Low German: Ketter"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nb",
            "2": "kjetter"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: kjetter",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Bokmål: kjetter"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nn",
            "2": "kjettar"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: kjettar",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: kjettar"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "kättare"
          },
          "expansion": "Swedish: kättare",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Swedish: kättare"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "शिथिर",
        "t": "loose, relaxed"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit शिथिर (śithira, “loose, relaxed”)",
      "name": "ncog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "qsb-grc",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Pre-Greek",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "No suitable Indo-European cognates can be drawn; the traditional connection to Sanskrit शिथिर (śithira, “loose, relaxed”) requires too many ad hoc assumptions, both phonetic and semantic. This, along with α/ο variation, implies a borrowing from Pre-Greek.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρός",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kăthărós",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρᾱ́",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρόν",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-adecl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "First and second declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρός",
      "roman": "kăthărós",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρᾱ́",
      "roman": "kăthărā́",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρόν",
      "roman": "kăthărón",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρώ",
      "roman": "kăthărṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "masculine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρᾱ́",
      "roman": "kăthărā́",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρώ",
      "roman": "kăthărṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "neuter",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰροί",
      "roman": "kăthăroí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰραί",
      "roman": "kăthăraí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρᾰ́",
      "roman": "kăthărắ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰροῦ",
      "roman": "kăthăroû",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρᾶς",
      "roman": "kăthărâs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰροῦ",
      "roman": "kăthăroû",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰροῖν",
      "roman": "kăthăroîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰραῖν",
      "roman": "kăthăraîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰροῖν",
      "roman": "kăthăroîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρῶν",
      "roman": "kăthărôn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρῶν",
      "roman": "kăthărôn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρῶν",
      "roman": "kăthărôn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρῷ",
      "roman": "kăthărôi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρᾷ",
      "roman": "kăthărâi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρῷ",
      "roman": "kăthărôi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰροῖν",
      "roman": "kăthăroîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰραῖν",
      "roman": "kăthăraîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰροῖν",
      "roman": "kăthăroîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰροῖς",
      "roman": "kăthăroîs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰραῖς",
      "roman": "kăthăraîs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰροῖς",
      "roman": "kăthăroîs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρόν",
      "roman": "kăthărón",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρᾱ́ν",
      "roman": "kăthărā́n",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρόν",
      "roman": "kăthărón",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρώ",
      "roman": "kăthărṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρᾱ́",
      "roman": "kăthărā́",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρώ",
      "roman": "kăthărṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρούς",
      "roman": "kăthăroús",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρᾱ́ς",
      "roman": "kăthărā́s",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρᾰ́",
      "roman": "kăthărắ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρέ",
      "roman": "kăthăré",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρᾱ́",
      "roman": "kăthărā́",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρόν",
      "roman": "kăthărón",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρώ",
      "roman": "kăthărṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "masculine",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρᾱ́",
      "roman": "kăthărā́",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρώ",
      "roman": "kăthărṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "neuter",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰροί",
      "roman": "kăthăroí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰραί",
      "roman": "kăthăraí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρᾰ́",
      "roman": "kăthărắ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρῶς",
      "roman": "kăthărôs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρώτερος",
      "roman": "kăthărṓteros",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρώτᾰτος",
      "roman": "kăthărṓtătos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κοθᾰρός",
      "roman": "kothărós",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Doric"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κόθᾰρος",
      "roman": "kóthăros",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Aeolic"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "κᾰθᾰρᾱ́",
        "2": "κᾰθᾰρόν",
        "head": "κᾰθᾰρός"
      },
      "expansion": "κᾰθᾰρός • (kăthărós) m (feminine κᾰθᾰρᾱ́, neuter κᾰθᾰρόν); first/second declension",
      "name": "grc-adj-1&2"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "κᾰθᾰρός",
        "2": "ᾱ"
      },
      "name": "grc-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "53 0 15 4 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "42 0 21 2 34",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "roman": "kăthaírō",
          "word": "κᾰθαίρω"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kăthăreúō",
          "word": "κᾰθᾰρεύω"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kăthărĭ́zō",
          "word": "κᾰθᾰρῐ́ζω"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "clean, clear, pure"
      ],
      "id": "en-καθαρός-grc-adj-yCc6oi5I",
      "links": [
        [
          "clean",
          "clean"
        ],
        [
          "clear",
          "clear"
        ],
        [
          "pure",
          "pure"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ka.tʰa.rós/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ka.θaˈros/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ka.θaˈros/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ka.tʰa.rós/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ka.tʰaˈros/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ka.θaˈros/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ka.θaˈros/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ka.θaˈros/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "καθαρός"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "kăthaírō",
      "word": "κᾰθαίρω"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kăthăreúō",
      "word": "κᾰθᾰρεύω"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kăthărĭ́zō",
      "word": "κᾰθᾰρῐ́ζω"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "el",
            "2": "καθαρός"
          },
          "expansion": "Greek: καθαρός (katharós)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Greek: καθαρός (katharós)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grk-mar",
            "2": "катъаро́"
          },
          "expansion": "Mariupol Greek: катъаро́ (kaθaró)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Mariupol Greek: катъаро́ (kaθaró)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 0,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Non-Hellenic Descendants"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "kætter"
          },
          "expansion": "Danish: kætter",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Danish: kætter"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "ketter"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: ketter",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: ketter"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "Cathar"
          },
          "expansion": "English: Cathar",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: Cathar"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "cathare"
          },
          "expansion": "French: cathare",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "French: cathare"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "Ketzer"
          },
          "expansion": "German: Ketzer",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: Ketzer"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "la",
            "2": "Catharus"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin: Catharus",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin: Catharus (Catharī, m.pl.)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nds-de",
            "2": "Ketter"
          },
          "expansion": "German Low German: Ketter",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German Low German: Ketter"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nb",
            "2": "kjetter"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: kjetter",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Bokmål: kjetter"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nn",
            "2": "kjettar"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: kjettar",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: kjettar"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "kättare"
          },
          "expansion": "Swedish: kättare",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Swedish: kättare"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "शिथिर",
        "t": "loose, relaxed"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit शिथिर (śithira, “loose, relaxed”)",
      "name": "ncog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "qsb-grc",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Pre-Greek",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "No suitable Indo-European cognates can be drawn; the traditional connection to Sanskrit शिथिर (śithira, “loose, relaxed”) requires too many ad hoc assumptions, both phonetic and semantic. This, along with α/ο variation, implies a borrowing from Pre-Greek.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρός",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kăthărós",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρᾱ́",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρόν",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-adecl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "First and second declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρός",
      "roman": "kăthărós",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρᾱ́",
      "roman": "kăthărā́",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρόν",
      "roman": "kăthărón",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρώ",
      "roman": "kăthărṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "masculine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρᾱ́",
      "roman": "kăthărā́",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρώ",
      "roman": "kăthărṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "neuter",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰροί",
      "roman": "kăthăroí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰραί",
      "roman": "kăthăraí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρᾰ́",
      "roman": "kăthărắ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰροῦ",
      "roman": "kăthăroû",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρᾶς",
      "roman": "kăthărâs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰροῦ",
      "roman": "kăthăroû",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰροῖν",
      "roman": "kăthăroîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰραῖν",
      "roman": "kăthăraîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰροῖν",
      "roman": "kăthăroîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρῶν",
      "roman": "kăthărôn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρῶν",
      "roman": "kăthărôn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρῶν",
      "roman": "kăthărôn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρῷ",
      "roman": "kăthărôi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρᾷ",
      "roman": "kăthărâi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρῷ",
      "roman": "kăthărôi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰροῖν",
      "roman": "kăthăroîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰραῖν",
      "roman": "kăthăraîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰροῖν",
      "roman": "kăthăroîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰροῖς",
      "roman": "kăthăroîs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰραῖς",
      "roman": "kăthăraîs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰροῖς",
      "roman": "kăthăroîs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρόν",
      "roman": "kăthărón",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρᾱ́ν",
      "roman": "kăthărā́n",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρόν",
      "roman": "kăthărón",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρώ",
      "roman": "kăthărṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρᾱ́",
      "roman": "kăthărā́",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρώ",
      "roman": "kăthărṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρούς",
      "roman": "kăthăroús",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρᾱ́ς",
      "roman": "kăthărā́s",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρᾰ́",
      "roman": "kăthărắ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρέ",
      "roman": "kăthăré",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρᾱ́",
      "roman": "kăthărā́",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρόν",
      "roman": "kăthărón",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρώ",
      "roman": "kăthărṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "masculine",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρᾱ́",
      "roman": "kăthărā́",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρώ",
      "roman": "kăthărṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "neuter",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰροί",
      "roman": "kăthăroí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰραί",
      "roman": "kăthăraí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρᾰ́",
      "roman": "kăthărắ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρῶς",
      "roman": "kăthărôs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρώτερος",
      "roman": "kăthărṓteros",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰθᾰρώτᾰτος",
      "roman": "kăthărṓtătos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κοθᾰρός",
      "roman": "kothărós",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Doric"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κόθᾰρος",
      "roman": "kóthăros",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Aeolic"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "κᾰθᾰρᾱ́",
        "2": "κᾰθᾰρόν",
        "head": "κᾰθᾰρός"
      },
      "expansion": "κᾰθᾰρός • (kăthărós) m (feminine κᾰθᾰρᾱ́, neuter κᾰθᾰρόν); first/second declension",
      "name": "grc-adj-1&2"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "κᾰθᾰρός",
        "2": "ᾱ"
      },
      "name": "grc-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Ancient Greek 3-syllable words",
        "Ancient Greek adjectives",
        "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
        "Ancient Greek lemmas",
        "Ancient Greek oxytone terms",
        "Ancient Greek terms borrowed from a Pre-Greek substrate",
        "Ancient Greek terms derived from a Pre-Greek substrate",
        "Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Pages with 2 entries",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "clean, clear, pure"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "clean",
          "clean"
        ],
        [
          "clear",
          "clear"
        ],
        [
          "pure",
          "pure"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ka.tʰa.rós/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ka.θaˈros/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ka.θaˈros/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ka.tʰa.rós/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ka.tʰaˈros/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ka.θaˈros/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ka.θaˈros/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ka.θaˈros/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "καθαρός"
}

Download raw JSONL data for καθαρός meaning in Ancient Greek (10.5kB)

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: καθαρός/Ancient Greek 'Number' base_tags={'t', '-', 'A', 's', 'o', 'c', 'n', 'l', 'e', 'i', '2', 'd'}",
  "path": [
    "καθαρός"
  ],
  "section": "Ancient Greek",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "καθαρός",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Ancient Greek dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.