"κάστανα" meaning in Ancient Greek

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "el",
            "2": "κάστανο"
          },
          "expansion": "Greek: κάστανο (kástano)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Greek: κάστανο (kástano)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ar",
            "2": "كستناء",
            "bor": "1",
            "tr": "kastanāʔ"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Arabic: كستناء (kastanāʔ)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Arabic: كستناء (kastanāʔ) (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "syc",
            "2": "ܩܣܛܢܝܐ",
            "bor": "1",
            "tr": "qasṭāniyā"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Classical Syriac: ܩܣܛܢܝܐ (qasṭāniyā)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "via variant <i class=\"Polyt mention\" lang=\"grc\">κᾰστᾰ́νειᾰ</i> (kastáneia)"
          },
          "expansion": "(via variant κᾰστᾰ́νειᾰ (kastáneia))",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Classical Syriac: ܩܣܛܢܝܐ (qasṭāniyā) (via variant κᾰστᾰ́νειᾰ (kastáneia))"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ar",
            "2": "كستانية",
            "bor": "1",
            "tr": "kastāniya"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Arabic: كستانية (kastāniya)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Arabic: كستانية (kastāniya)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "la",
            "2": "castanea",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Latin: castanea",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Latin: castanea (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "axm",
            "2": "կաստանայ",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Middle Armenian: կաստանայ (kastanay)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Middle Armenian: կաստանայ (kastanay)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ota",
            "2": "كستانه",
            "bor": "1",
            "tr": "kestane"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Ottoman Turkish: كستانه (kestane)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Ottoman Turkish: كستانه (kestane) (see there for further descendants)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "qfa-sub",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "substrate",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "qsb-grc"
      },
      "expansion": "Pre-Greek",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-ana",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Anatolian",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "կասկ",
        "t": "chestnut"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian կասկ (kask, “chestnut”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sq",
        "2": "thanë",
        "t": "cranberry shrub; cornel"
      },
      "expansion": "Albanian thanë (“cranberry shrub; cornel”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sqj-pro",
        "2": "*tsàna"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Albanian *tsàna",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc-dor",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Doric Greek",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from a substrate, either Pre-Greek or Anatolian. Compare also Old Armenian կասկ (kask, “chestnut”) and Albanian thanë (“cranberry shrub; cornel”) (< Proto-Albanian *tsàna), which appear to be from the same Mediterranean substrate. Has been claimed by ancient writers to derive from Καστανέα (Kastanéa), a location in Magnesia, Thessalia, but the location itself is most likely named after the tree.\nOther theories link the word as potentially from Doric Greek κάστον (káston, “wood”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "κᾰ́στᾰνᾰ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kástana",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰστᾰ́νων",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-2",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Second declension",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰ̀ κᾰ́στᾰνᾰ",
      "roman": "tà kástana",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῶν κᾰστᾰ́νων",
      "roman": "tôn kastánōn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖς κᾰστᾰ́νοις",
      "roman": "toîs kastánois",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰ̀ κᾰ́στᾰνᾰ",
      "roman": "tà kástana",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰ́στᾰνᾰ",
      "roman": "kástana",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "κᾰστᾰ́νων",
        "2": "n-p",
        "3": "second",
        "head": "κᾰ́στᾰνᾰ"
      },
      "expansion": "κᾰ́στᾰνᾰ • (kástana) n pl (genitive κᾰστᾰ́νων); second declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "κᾰ́στᾰνον",
        "2": "κᾰστᾰ́νου",
        "form": "plur"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek pluralia tantum",
          "parents": [
            "Pluralia tantum",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "sweet chestnuts"
      ],
      "id": "en-κάστανα-grc-noun-M9OjgAC~",
      "links": [
        [
          "sweet chestnut",
          "sweet chestnut"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "roman": "kástanon",
          "tags": [
            "rare",
            "singular"
          ],
          "word": "κᾰ́στᾰνον"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kastánaia",
          "word": "κᾰστᾰ́ναιᾰ"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kástanoi",
          "word": "κᾰ́στᾰνοι"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kastaníai",
          "word": "κᾰστᾰνῐ́αι"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kastáneia",
          "word": "κᾰστᾰ́νειᾰ"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kás.ta.na/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkas.ta.na/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkas.ta.na/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kás.ta.na/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkas.ta.na/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkas.ta.na/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkas.ta.na/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkas.ta.na/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "κάστανα"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "el",
            "2": "κάστανο"
          },
          "expansion": "Greek: κάστανο (kástano)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Greek: κάστανο (kástano)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ar",
            "2": "كستناء",
            "bor": "1",
            "tr": "kastanāʔ"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Arabic: كستناء (kastanāʔ)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Arabic: كستناء (kastanāʔ) (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "syc",
            "2": "ܩܣܛܢܝܐ",
            "bor": "1",
            "tr": "qasṭāniyā"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Classical Syriac: ܩܣܛܢܝܐ (qasṭāniyā)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "via variant <i class=\"Polyt mention\" lang=\"grc\">κᾰστᾰ́νειᾰ</i> (kastáneia)"
          },
          "expansion": "(via variant κᾰστᾰ́νειᾰ (kastáneia))",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Classical Syriac: ܩܣܛܢܝܐ (qasṭāniyā) (via variant κᾰστᾰ́νειᾰ (kastáneia))"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ar",
            "2": "كستانية",
            "bor": "1",
            "tr": "kastāniya"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Arabic: كستانية (kastāniya)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Arabic: كستانية (kastāniya)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "la",
            "2": "castanea",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Latin: castanea",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Latin: castanea (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "axm",
            "2": "կաստանայ",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Middle Armenian: կաստանայ (kastanay)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Middle Armenian: կաստանայ (kastanay)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ota",
            "2": "كستانه",
            "bor": "1",
            "tr": "kestane"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Ottoman Turkish: كستانه (kestane)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Ottoman Turkish: كستانه (kestane) (see there for further descendants)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "qfa-sub",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "substrate",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "qsb-grc"
      },
      "expansion": "Pre-Greek",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-ana",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Anatolian",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "կասկ",
        "t": "chestnut"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian կասկ (kask, “chestnut”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sq",
        "2": "thanë",
        "t": "cranberry shrub; cornel"
      },
      "expansion": "Albanian thanë (“cranberry shrub; cornel”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sqj-pro",
        "2": "*tsàna"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Albanian *tsàna",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc-dor",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Doric Greek",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from a substrate, either Pre-Greek or Anatolian. Compare also Old Armenian կասկ (kask, “chestnut”) and Albanian thanë (“cranberry shrub; cornel”) (< Proto-Albanian *tsàna), which appear to be from the same Mediterranean substrate. Has been claimed by ancient writers to derive from Καστανέα (Kastanéa), a location in Magnesia, Thessalia, but the location itself is most likely named after the tree.\nOther theories link the word as potentially from Doric Greek κάστον (káston, “wood”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "κᾰ́στᾰνᾰ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kástana",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰστᾰ́νων",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-2",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Second declension",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰ̀ κᾰ́στᾰνᾰ",
      "roman": "tà kástana",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῶν κᾰστᾰ́νων",
      "roman": "tôn kastánōn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖς κᾰστᾰ́νοις",
      "roman": "toîs kastánois",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰ̀ κᾰ́στᾰνᾰ",
      "roman": "tà kástana",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κᾰ́στᾰνᾰ",
      "roman": "kástana",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "κᾰστᾰ́νων",
        "2": "n-p",
        "3": "second",
        "head": "κᾰ́στᾰνᾰ"
      },
      "expansion": "κᾰ́στᾰνᾰ • (kástana) n pl (genitive κᾰστᾰ́νων); second declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "κᾰ́στᾰνον",
        "2": "κᾰστᾰ́νου",
        "form": "plur"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Ancient Greek 3-syllable words",
        "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
        "Ancient Greek lemmas",
        "Ancient Greek neuter nouns",
        "Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the second declension",
        "Ancient Greek nouns",
        "Ancient Greek pluralia tantum",
        "Ancient Greek proparoxytone terms",
        "Ancient Greek second-declension nouns",
        "Ancient Greek terms borrowed from Anatolian languages",
        "Ancient Greek terms borrowed from a Pre-Greek substrate",
        "Ancient Greek terms borrowed from substrate languages",
        "Ancient Greek terms derived from Anatolian languages",
        "Ancient Greek terms derived from a Pre-Greek substrate",
        "Ancient Greek terms derived from substrate languages",
        "Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Pages with 2 entries",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "sweet chestnuts"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sweet chestnut",
          "sweet chestnut"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kás.ta.na/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkas.ta.na/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkas.ta.na/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kás.ta.na/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkas.ta.na/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkas.ta.na/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkas.ta.na/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkas.ta.na/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "kástanon",
      "tags": [
        "rare",
        "singular"
      ],
      "word": "κᾰ́στᾰνον"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kastánaia",
      "word": "κᾰστᾰ́ναιᾰ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kástanoi",
      "word": "κᾰ́στᾰνοι"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kastaníai",
      "word": "κᾰστᾰνῐ́αι"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kastáneia",
      "word": "κᾰστᾰ́νειᾰ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "κάστανα"
}