See Πόντος in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Pontĭăkós",
"word": "Ποντῐᾰκός"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Pontĭkón káruon",
"word": "Ποντῐκόν κάρυον"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Pontĭkós",
"word": "Ποντῐκός"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Pontikós mûs",
"word": "Ποντικός μῦς"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Pontos"
},
"expansion": "German: Pontos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Pontos"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "Πόντος"
},
"expansion": "Greek: Πόντος (Póntos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Greek: Πόντος (Póntos)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pnt",
"2": "Πόντος"
},
"expansion": "Pontic Greek: Πόντος (Póntos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pontic Greek: Πόντος (Póntos)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "Pontus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Latin: Pontus\n→ English: Pontus",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Latin: Pontus\n→ English: Pontus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oge",
"2": "პონტოჲ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Georgian: პონტოჲ (ṗonṭoy)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Georgian: პონტოჲ (ṗonṭoy)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "پنطس",
"3": "بنطس",
"bor": "1",
"tr1": "Pontos",
"tr2": "Bontos"
},
"expansion": "→ Persian: پنطس (Pontos), بنطس (Bontos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Persian: پنطس (Pontos), بنطس (Bontos)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "پنطس",
"tr": "Pontos"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: پنطس (Pontos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish: پنطس (Pontos)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "Pontos",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Turkish: Pontos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Turkish: Pontos"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pent-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmy",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Mycenaean Greek",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From πόντος (póntos, “sea”), attested in Mycenaean Greek as 𐀡𐀵 (po-to). Homeric Greek used πόντος (póntos) for any sea but it later began to refer specifically to the Black Sea and then to the Hellenic kingdom on its southeastern shore.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Póntos",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "Πόντου",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Second declension",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ὁ Πόντος",
"roman": "ho Póntos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῦ Πόντου",
"roman": "toû Póntou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τῷ Πόντῳ",
"roman": "tôi Póntōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸν Πόντον",
"roman": "tòn Pónton",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Πόντε",
"roman": "Pónte",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Πόντου",
"2": "m",
"3": "second"
},
"expansion": "Πόντος • (Póntos) m (genitive Πόντου); second declension",
"name": "grc-proper noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Πόντος",
"2": "ου",
"form": "S"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Seas",
"orig": "grc:Seas",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "19 30 37 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 30 37 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 16 23 5 16 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 16 22 3 16 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Black Sea (a sea north of Anatolia)"
],
"id": "en-Πόντος-grc-name-6CkGZGeC",
"links": [
[
"Black Sea",
"Black Sea#English"
],
[
"sea",
"sea"
],
[
"Anatolia",
"Anatolia#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Ancient Near East",
"orig": "grc:Ancient Near East",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Former polities",
"orig": "grc:Former polities",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Geographic and cultural areas of Asia",
"orig": "grc:Geographic and cultural areas of Asia",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Geographic and cultural areas of Turkey",
"orig": "grc:Geographic and cultural areas of Turkey",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Places in Turkey",
"orig": "grc:Places in Turkey",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "19 30 37 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 30 37 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 16 23 5 16 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 16 22 3 16 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Pontus (an ancient kingdom and cultural region covering the eastern half of the southern coast of the Black Sea, in Anatolia in modern Turkey; traditionally Greek-speaking)"
],
"id": "en-Πόντος-grc-name-QchOLAD2",
"links": [
[
"Pontus",
"Pontus#English:_Q621672"
],
[
"kingdom",
"kingdom"
],
[
"Black Sea",
"Black Sea"
],
[
"Anatolia",
"Anatolia#English"
],
[
"Turkey",
"Turkey#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Places in the Roman Empire",
"orig": "grc:Places in the Roman Empire",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Provinces of the Roman Empire",
"orig": "grc:Provinces of the Roman Empire",
"parents": [
"Provinces",
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "19 30 37 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 29 37 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek masculine proper nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 30 37 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 16 23 5 16 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 16 22 3 16 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Pontus (a former province of the Roman Empire covering the western half of the Pontus region unified with Bithynia; in full, Bithynia et Pontus)"
],
"id": "en-Πόντος-grc-name-gll9ulLO",
"links": [
[
"Pontus",
"Pontus#English:_Q913382"
],
[
"province",
"province"
],
[
"Roman Empire",
"Roman Empire#English"
],
[
"Pontus",
"Pontus"
],
[
"Bithynia",
"Bithynia"
],
[
"Bithynia et Pontus",
"Bithynia et Pontus#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) Pontus (a former province of the Roman Empire covering the western half of the Pontus region unified with Bithynia; in full, Bithynia et Pontus)"
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Greek deities",
"orig": "grc:Greek deities",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "19 30 37 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 30 37 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Pontus (a sea god)"
],
"id": "en-Πόντος-grc-name-T4tCoGFn",
"links": [
[
"Greek",
"Greek"
],
[
"mythology",
"mythology"
],
[
"Pontus",
"Pontus"
],
[
"sea",
"sea"
],
[
"god",
"god"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Greek mythology) Pontus (a sea god)"
],
"tags": [
"Greek"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"mysticism",
"mythology",
"philosophy",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pón.tos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpon.tos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpon.dos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pón.tos/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpon.tos/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpon.tos/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpon.tos/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpon.dos/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Pontus"
],
"word": "Πόντος"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
"Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"Ancient Greek lemmas",
"Ancient Greek masculine nouns",
"Ancient Greek masculine proper nouns",
"Ancient Greek masculine proper nouns in the second declension",
"Ancient Greek paroxytone terms",
"Ancient Greek proper nouns",
"Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified",
"Ancient Greek second-declension proper nouns",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pent-",
"Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "Pontĭăkós",
"word": "Ποντῐᾰκός"
},
{
"roman": "Pontĭkón káruon",
"word": "Ποντῐκόν κάρυον"
},
{
"roman": "Pontĭkós",
"word": "Ποντῐκός"
},
{
"roman": "Pontikós mûs",
"word": "Ποντικός μῦς"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Pontos"
},
"expansion": "German: Pontos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Pontos"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "Πόντος"
},
"expansion": "Greek: Πόντος (Póntos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Greek: Πόντος (Póntos)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pnt",
"2": "Πόντος"
},
"expansion": "Pontic Greek: Πόντος (Póntos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pontic Greek: Πόντος (Póntos)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "Pontus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Latin: Pontus\n→ English: Pontus",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Latin: Pontus\n→ English: Pontus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oge",
"2": "პონტოჲ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Georgian: პონტოჲ (ṗonṭoy)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Georgian: პონტოჲ (ṗonṭoy)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "پنطس",
"3": "بنطس",
"bor": "1",
"tr1": "Pontos",
"tr2": "Bontos"
},
"expansion": "→ Persian: پنطس (Pontos), بنطس (Bontos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Persian: پنطس (Pontos), بنطس (Bontos)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "پنطس",
"tr": "Pontos"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: پنطس (Pontos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish: پنطس (Pontos)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "Pontos",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Turkish: Pontos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Turkish: Pontos"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pent-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmy",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Mycenaean Greek",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From πόντος (póntos, “sea”), attested in Mycenaean Greek as 𐀡𐀵 (po-to). Homeric Greek used πόντος (póntos) for any sea but it later began to refer specifically to the Black Sea and then to the Hellenic kingdom on its southeastern shore.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Póntos",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "Πόντου",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Second declension",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ὁ Πόντος",
"roman": "ho Póntos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῦ Πόντου",
"roman": "toû Póntou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τῷ Πόντῳ",
"roman": "tôi Póntōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸν Πόντον",
"roman": "tòn Pónton",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Πόντε",
"roman": "Pónte",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Πόντου",
"2": "m",
"3": "second"
},
"expansion": "Πόντος • (Póntos) m (genitive Πόντου); second declension",
"name": "grc-proper noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Πόντος",
"2": "ου",
"form": "S"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"grc:Seas"
],
"glosses": [
"Black Sea (a sea north of Anatolia)"
],
"links": [
[
"Black Sea",
"Black Sea#English"
],
[
"sea",
"sea"
],
[
"Anatolia",
"Anatolia#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"grc:Ancient Near East",
"grc:Former polities",
"grc:Geographic and cultural areas of Asia",
"grc:Geographic and cultural areas of Turkey",
"grc:Places in Turkey"
],
"glosses": [
"Pontus (an ancient kingdom and cultural region covering the eastern half of the southern coast of the Black Sea, in Anatolia in modern Turkey; traditionally Greek-speaking)"
],
"links": [
[
"Pontus",
"Pontus#English:_Q621672"
],
[
"kingdom",
"kingdom"
],
[
"Black Sea",
"Black Sea"
],
[
"Anatolia",
"Anatolia#English"
],
[
"Turkey",
"Turkey#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek terms with historical senses",
"grc:Places in the Roman Empire",
"grc:Provinces of the Roman Empire"
],
"glosses": [
"Pontus (a former province of the Roman Empire covering the western half of the Pontus region unified with Bithynia; in full, Bithynia et Pontus)"
],
"links": [
[
"Pontus",
"Pontus#English:_Q913382"
],
[
"province",
"province"
],
[
"Roman Empire",
"Roman Empire#English"
],
[
"Pontus",
"Pontus"
],
[
"Bithynia",
"Bithynia"
],
[
"Bithynia et Pontus",
"Bithynia et Pontus#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) Pontus (a former province of the Roman Empire covering the western half of the Pontus region unified with Bithynia; in full, Bithynia et Pontus)"
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"grc:Greek deities"
],
"glosses": [
"Pontus (a sea god)"
],
"links": [
[
"Greek",
"Greek"
],
[
"mythology",
"mythology"
],
[
"Pontus",
"Pontus"
],
[
"sea",
"sea"
],
[
"god",
"god"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Greek mythology) Pontus (a sea god)"
],
"tags": [
"Greek"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"mysticism",
"mythology",
"philosophy",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pón.tos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpon.tos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpon.dos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pón.tos/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpon.tos/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpon.tos/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpon.tos/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpon.dos/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Pontus"
],
"word": "Πόντος"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Πόντος meaning in Ancient Greek (6.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Ancient Greek dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (92124b4 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.