See xlěbъ on Wiktionary
{ "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [], "text": "East Slavic:" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "orv", "2": "хлѣбъ" }, "expansion": "Old East Slavic: хлѣбъ (xlěbŭ)\nOld Ruthenian: хлѣбъ (xlěb), клѣбъ (klěb)\nBelarusian: хлеб (xljeb)\nCarpathian Rusyn: хлїб (xljib)\nUkrainian: хліб (xlib)\nRussian: хлеб (xleb) (see there for further descendants)", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "Old East Slavic: хлѣбъ (xlěbŭ)\nOld Ruthenian: хлѣбъ (xlěb), клѣбъ (klěb)\nBelarusian: хлеб (xljeb)\nCarpathian Rusyn: хлїб (xljib)\nUkrainian: хліб (xlib)\nRussian: хлеб (xleb) (see there for further descendants)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "zle-ono", "2": "хлѣбе", "alts": "1" }, "expansion": "Old Novgorodian: хлѣбе (xlěbe)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Old Novgorodian: хлѣбе (xlěbe)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [], "text": "South Slavic:" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "cu", "2": "-" }, "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Old Church Slavonic:" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "cu", "2": "ⱈⰾⱑⰱⱏ", "sc": "Glag", "sclb": "1" }, "expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⱈⰾⱑⰱⱏ (xlěbŭ)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Glagolitic script: ⱈⰾⱑⰱⱏ (xlěbŭ)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "cu", "2": "хлѣбъ", "sclb": "1" }, "expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: хлѣбъ (xlěbŭ)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Old Cyrillic script: хлѣбъ (xlěbŭ)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sh", "2": "-" }, "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Serbo-Croatian:" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sh", "2": "хле̏б", "3": "хље̏б", "sclb": "1" }, "expansion": "Cyrillic script: хле̏б, хље̏б", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "dialectal" }, "expansion": "(dialectal)", "name": "q" } ], "text": "Cyrillic script: хле̏б, хље̏б; хли̏б, хи̑б, ли̏п, ле̏п, хје̏б, хје̏п (dialectal)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sh", "2": "hlȅb", "3": "hljȅb", "sclb": "1" }, "expansion": "Latin script: hlȅb, hljȅb", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "dialectal" }, "expansion": "(dialectal)", "name": "q" } ], "text": "Latin script: hlȅb, hljȅb; hlȉb, hȋb, lȉp, lȅp, hjȅb, hjȅp (dialectal)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sl", "2": "hlẹ̑b", "bor": "", "der": "" }, "expansion": "Slovene: hlẹ̑b", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "tonal orthography" }, "expansion": "(tonal orthography)", "name": "i" }, { "args": { "1": "hlẹ̑b", "2": "hlȅb", "t": "loaf" }, "expansion": "Slovene: hlẹ̑b, hlȅb (“loaf”) (tonal orthography)", "name": "desc/sl-tonal" } ], "text": "Slovene: hlẹ̑b, hlȅb (“loaf”) (tonal orthography)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [], "text": "West Slavic:" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "cs", "2": "chléb", "3": "chleba" }, "expansion": "Czech: chléb, chleba", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Czech: chléb, chleba" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "csb", "2": "chléb" }, "expansion": "Kashubian: chléb", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Kashubian: chléb" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pl", "2": "chleb" }, "expansion": "Polish: chleb\n→ English: chleb", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "Polish: chleb\n→ English: chleb" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "szl", "2": "chlyb" }, "expansion": "Silesian: chlyb", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Silesian: chlyb" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "zlw-osk", "2": "chléb", "3": "chliab", "4": "chlib", "5": "chlieb" }, "expansion": "Old Slovak: chléb, chliab, chlib, chlieb", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Old Slovak: chléb, chliab, chlib, chlieb" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "rsk", "2": "хлєб" }, "expansion": "Pannonian Rusyn: хлєб (xljeb)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Pannonian Rusyn: хлєб (xljeb)" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sk", "2": "chlieb" }, "expansion": "Slovak: chlieb", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Slovak: chlieb" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "zlw-slv", "2": "chléb" }, "expansion": "Slovincian: chléb", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Slovincian: chléb" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [], "text": "Sorbian:" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "dsb", "2": "klěb" }, "expansion": "Lower Sorbian: klěb", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "archaic" }, "expansion": "(archaic)", "name": "q" } ], "text": "Lower Sorbian: klěb; chlěb (archaic)" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "hsb", "2": "chlěb", "3": "khlěb" }, "expansion": "Upper Sorbian: chlěb, khlěb", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Upper Sorbian: chlěb, khlěb" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sla-pro", "2": "gem" }, "expansion": "Germanic", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "sla-pro", "2": "got", "3": "𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍆𐍃" }, "expansion": "Gothic 𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍆𐍃 (hlaifs)", "name": "bor" }, { "args": { "1": "gem-pro", "2": "*hlaibaz" }, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hlaibaz", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "goh", "2": "hleib" }, "expansion": "Old High German hleib", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from a Germanic language, probably Gothic 𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍆𐍃 (hlaifs) (Proto-Germanic *hlaibaz) which has the root final 𐍆 (f) (phonetically probably [ɸ]) in the nominative, vocative, and accusative singular and 𐌱 (b) (phonetically probably [β]) in the oblique case forms. The fricative was replaced by the labial stop *b since Proto-Slavic did not have labial fricatives. Alternatively it may be from Old High German hleib.", "forms": [ { "form": "xlě̀bъ", "tags": [ "canonical", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "sla-decl-noun", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "o-stem", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "a", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accent-paradigm" ] }, { "form": "xlě̀bъ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "xlě̀ba", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "nominative" ] }, { "form": "xlě̀bi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "xlě̀ba", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "xlě̀bu", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "genitive" ] }, { "form": "xlě̀bъ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "xlě̀bu", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "xlě̀boma", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "xlě̀bomъ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "xlě̀bъ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "xlě̀ba", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "xlě̀by", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "xlě̀bъmь", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "singular" ] }, { "form": "xlě̀bomь", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "singular" ] }, { "form": "xlě̀boma", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "instrumental" ] }, { "form": "xlě̀bȳ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "plural" ] }, { "form": "xlě̀bě", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "locative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "xlě̀bu", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "locative" ] }, { "form": "xlě̀bě̄xъ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "locative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "xlě̀be", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "singular", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "xlě̀ba", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "xlě̀bi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "vocative" ] } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "xlě̀bъ", "ap": "a" }, "name": "sla-decl-noun" } ], "lang": "Proto-Slavic", "lang_code": "sla-pro", "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/xlěbъ", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 1 entry", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a", "parents": [], "source": "w" } ], "derived": [ { "sense": "*xlě̀bovъ", "word": "xlě̀bovina" }, { "sense": "*xlě̀bovъ", "word": "xlě̀bovьje" }, { "word": "xlě̀bьcь" }, { "sense": "*xlě̀bьnъ", "word": "xlě̀bьnica" }, { "sense": "*xlě̀bьnъ", "word": "xlě̀bьnikъ" } ], "glosses": [ "bread" ], "id": "en-xlěbъ-sla-pro-noun-mFYEwrYC", "links": [ [ "bread", "bread" ] ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] } ], "word": "xlěbъ" }
{ "derived": [ { "sense": "*xlě̀bovъ", "word": "xlě̀bovina" }, { "sense": "*xlě̀bovъ", "word": "xlě̀bovьje" }, { "word": "xlě̀bьcь" }, { "sense": "*xlě̀bьnъ", "word": "xlě̀bьnica" }, { "sense": "*xlě̀bьnъ", "word": "xlě̀bьnikъ" } ], "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [], "text": "East Slavic:" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "orv", "2": "хлѣбъ" }, "expansion": "Old East Slavic: хлѣбъ (xlěbŭ)\nOld Ruthenian: хлѣбъ (xlěb), клѣбъ (klěb)\nBelarusian: хлеб (xljeb)\nCarpathian Rusyn: хлїб (xljib)\nUkrainian: хліб (xlib)\nRussian: хлеб (xleb) (see there for further descendants)", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "Old East Slavic: хлѣбъ (xlěbŭ)\nOld Ruthenian: хлѣбъ (xlěb), клѣбъ (klěb)\nBelarusian: хлеб (xljeb)\nCarpathian Rusyn: хлїб (xljib)\nUkrainian: хліб (xlib)\nRussian: хлеб (xleb) (see there for further descendants)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "zle-ono", "2": "хлѣбе", "alts": "1" }, "expansion": "Old Novgorodian: хлѣбе (xlěbe)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Old Novgorodian: хлѣбе (xlěbe)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [], "text": "South Slavic:" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "cu", "2": "-" }, "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Old Church Slavonic:" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "cu", "2": "ⱈⰾⱑⰱⱏ", "sc": "Glag", "sclb": "1" }, "expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⱈⰾⱑⰱⱏ (xlěbŭ)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Glagolitic script: ⱈⰾⱑⰱⱏ (xlěbŭ)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "cu", "2": "хлѣбъ", "sclb": "1" }, "expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: хлѣбъ (xlěbŭ)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Old Cyrillic script: хлѣбъ (xlěbŭ)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sh", "2": "-" }, "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Serbo-Croatian:" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sh", "2": "хле̏б", "3": "хље̏б", "sclb": "1" }, "expansion": "Cyrillic script: хле̏б, хље̏б", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "dialectal" }, "expansion": "(dialectal)", "name": "q" } ], "text": "Cyrillic script: хле̏б, хље̏б; хли̏б, хи̑б, ли̏п, ле̏п, хје̏б, хје̏п (dialectal)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sh", "2": "hlȅb", "3": "hljȅb", "sclb": "1" }, "expansion": "Latin script: hlȅb, hljȅb", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "dialectal" }, "expansion": "(dialectal)", "name": "q" } ], "text": "Latin script: hlȅb, hljȅb; hlȉb, hȋb, lȉp, lȅp, hjȅb, hjȅp (dialectal)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sl", "2": "hlẹ̑b", "bor": "", "der": "" }, "expansion": "Slovene: hlẹ̑b", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "tonal orthography" }, "expansion": "(tonal orthography)", "name": "i" }, { "args": { "1": "hlẹ̑b", "2": "hlȅb", "t": "loaf" }, "expansion": "Slovene: hlẹ̑b, hlȅb (“loaf”) (tonal orthography)", "name": "desc/sl-tonal" } ], "text": "Slovene: hlẹ̑b, hlȅb (“loaf”) (tonal orthography)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [], "text": "West Slavic:" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "cs", "2": "chléb", "3": "chleba" }, "expansion": "Czech: chléb, chleba", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Czech: chléb, chleba" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "csb", "2": "chléb" }, "expansion": "Kashubian: chléb", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Kashubian: chléb" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pl", "2": "chleb" }, "expansion": "Polish: chleb\n→ English: chleb", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "Polish: chleb\n→ English: chleb" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "szl", "2": "chlyb" }, "expansion": "Silesian: chlyb", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Silesian: chlyb" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "zlw-osk", "2": "chléb", "3": "chliab", "4": "chlib", "5": "chlieb" }, "expansion": "Old Slovak: chléb, chliab, chlib, chlieb", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Old Slovak: chléb, chliab, chlib, chlieb" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "rsk", "2": "хлєб" }, "expansion": "Pannonian Rusyn: хлєб (xljeb)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Pannonian Rusyn: хлєб (xljeb)" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sk", "2": "chlieb" }, "expansion": "Slovak: chlieb", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Slovak: chlieb" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "zlw-slv", "2": "chléb" }, "expansion": "Slovincian: chléb", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Slovincian: chléb" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [], "text": "Sorbian:" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "dsb", "2": "klěb" }, "expansion": "Lower Sorbian: klěb", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "archaic" }, "expansion": "(archaic)", "name": "q" } ], "text": "Lower Sorbian: klěb; chlěb (archaic)" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "hsb", "2": "chlěb", "3": "khlěb" }, "expansion": "Upper Sorbian: chlěb, khlěb", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Upper Sorbian: chlěb, khlěb" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sla-pro", "2": "gem" }, "expansion": "Germanic", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "sla-pro", "2": "got", "3": "𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍆𐍃" }, "expansion": "Gothic 𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍆𐍃 (hlaifs)", "name": "bor" }, { "args": { "1": "gem-pro", "2": "*hlaibaz" }, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hlaibaz", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "goh", "2": "hleib" }, "expansion": "Old High German hleib", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from a Germanic language, probably Gothic 𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍆𐍃 (hlaifs) (Proto-Germanic *hlaibaz) which has the root final 𐍆 (f) (phonetically probably [ɸ]) in the nominative, vocative, and accusative singular and 𐌱 (b) (phonetically probably [β]) in the oblique case forms. The fricative was replaced by the labial stop *b since Proto-Slavic did not have labial fricatives. Alternatively it may be from Old High German hleib.", "forms": [ { "form": "xlě̀bъ", "tags": [ "canonical", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "sla-decl-noun", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "o-stem", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "a", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accent-paradigm" ] }, { "form": "xlě̀bъ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "xlě̀ba", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "nominative" ] }, { "form": "xlě̀bi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "xlě̀ba", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "xlě̀bu", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "genitive" ] }, { "form": "xlě̀bъ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "xlě̀bu", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "xlě̀boma", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "xlě̀bomъ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "xlě̀bъ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "xlě̀ba", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "xlě̀by", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "xlě̀bъmь", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "singular" ] }, { "form": "xlě̀bomь", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "singular" ] }, { "form": "xlě̀boma", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "instrumental" ] }, { "form": "xlě̀bȳ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "plural" ] }, { "form": "xlě̀bě", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "locative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "xlě̀bu", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "locative" ] }, { "form": "xlě̀bě̄xъ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "locative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "xlě̀be", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "singular", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "xlě̀ba", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "xlě̀bi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "vocative" ] } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "xlě̀bъ", "ap": "a" }, "name": "sla-decl-noun" } ], "lang": "Proto-Slavic", "lang_code": "sla-pro", "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/xlěbъ", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header", "Proto-Slavic hard masculine o-stem nouns", "Proto-Slavic hard o-stem nouns", "Proto-Slavic lemmas", "Proto-Slavic masculine nouns", "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a", "Proto-Slavic nouns", "Proto-Slavic terms borrowed from Gothic", "Proto-Slavic terms derived from Germanic languages", "Proto-Slavic terms derived from Gothic", "sla-pro:Foods" ], "glosses": [ "bread" ], "links": [ [ "bread", "bread" ] ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] } ], "word": "xlěbъ" }
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