See wrought on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for wrought meaning in All languages combined (11.8kB)
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "unwrought"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*werǵ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "werken",
"4": "",
"5": "to work"
},
"expansion": "Middle English werken (“to work”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "wyrċan"
},
"expansion": "Old English wyrċan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "worhte"
},
"expansion": "worhte",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ġeworht"
},
"expansion": "ġeworht",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*wurkijan",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *wurkijan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wurkijaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to work"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wurkijaną (“to work”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*werǵ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to work"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *werǵ- (“to work”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "wright"
},
"expansion": "wright",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "wheelwright"
},
"expansion": "wheelwright",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gewrocht"
},
"expansion": "Dutch gewrocht",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "werken"
},
"expansion": "werken",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "wrocht"
},
"expansion": "wrocht",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "wracht"
},
"expansion": "Low German wracht",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "warken"
},
"expansion": "warken",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "wrach"
},
"expansion": "wrach",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "wracht"
},
"expansion": "wracht",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The past participle of Middle English werken (“to work”), from Old English wyrċan (past tense worhte, past participle ġeworht), from Proto-West Germanic *wurkijan, from Proto-Germanic *wurkijaną (“to work”), from Proto-Indo-European *werǵ- (“to work”). Doublet of worked.\nCognate with wright (as in wheelwright etc.), Dutch gewrocht, archaic past participle of werken (archaic past tense wrocht), Low German wracht, archaic past participle of warken (archaic past tense wrach, archaic past participle wracht).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more wrought",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most wrought",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "wrought (comparative more wrought, superlative most wrought)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 42 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 41 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "high-wrought"
},
{
"word": "what hath God wrought"
},
{
"word": "wrought iron"
},
{
"word": "wrought-up"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Is that fence made out of wrought iron?"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Having been worked or prepared somehow."
],
"id": "en-wrought-en-adj-ZiDbMtyW",
"links": [
[
"worked",
"worked"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "izraboten",
"sense": "Having been worked or prepared somehow",
"word": "изработен"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "Having been worked or prepared somehow",
"word": "treballat"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Having been worked or prepared somehow",
"word": "työstetty"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "Having been worked or prepared somehow",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "travaillé"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "Having been worked or prepared somehow",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "forgé"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Having been worked or prepared somehow",
"word": "bearbeitet"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Having been worked or prepared somehow",
"word": "gefertigt"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Having been worked or prepared somehow",
"word": "getrieben"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Having been worked or prepared somehow",
"word": "gehämmert"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "Having been worked or prepared somehow",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lavorato"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "Having been worked or prepared somehow",
"word": "forjado"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"english": "worked",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obrabótannyj",
"sense": "Having been worked or prepared somehow",
"word": "обрабо́танный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"english": "prepared",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "podgotóvlennyj",
"sense": "Having been worked or prepared somehow",
"word": "подгото́вленный"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Having been worked or prepared somehow",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "trabajado"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Having been worked or prepared somehow",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "preparado"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Having been worked or prepared somehow",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "labrado"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹɔːt/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹɔt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹɑt/",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"homophone": "rot (in accents with the cot-caught merger)"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːt"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-wrought.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/99/En-us-wrought.ogg/En-us-wrought.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/99/En-us-wrought.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "wrought"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "bewrought"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "forewrought"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "forwrought"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "inwrought"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "miswrought"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "overwrought"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "underwrought"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "unwrought"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*werǵ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "werken",
"4": "",
"5": "to work"
},
"expansion": "Middle English werken (“to work”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "wyrċan"
},
"expansion": "Old English wyrċan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "worhte"
},
"expansion": "worhte",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ġeworht"
},
"expansion": "ġeworht",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*wurkijan",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *wurkijan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wurkijaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to work"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wurkijaną (“to work”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*werǵ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to work"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *werǵ- (“to work”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "wright"
},
"expansion": "wright",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "wheelwright"
},
"expansion": "wheelwright",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gewrocht"
},
"expansion": "Dutch gewrocht",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "werken"
},
"expansion": "werken",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "wrocht"
},
"expansion": "wrocht",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "wracht"
},
"expansion": "Low German wracht",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "warken"
},
"expansion": "warken",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "wrach"
},
"expansion": "wrach",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "wracht"
},
"expansion": "wracht",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The past participle of Middle English werken (“to work”), from Old English wyrċan (past tense worhte, past participle ġeworht), from Proto-West Germanic *wurkijan, from Proto-Germanic *wurkijaną (“to work”), from Proto-Indo-European *werǵ- (“to work”). Doublet of worked.\nCognate with wright (as in wheelwright etc.), Dutch gewrocht, archaic past participle of werken (archaic past tense wrocht), Low German wracht, archaic past participle of warken (archaic past tense wrach, archaic past participle wracht).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "wrought",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 42 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 41 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "What hath God wrought?"
},
{
"ref": "1899, John Buchan, Summer Weather",
"text": "I need not describe his attainments as sheep-farmer or shepherd; he scarcely learned the barest rudiments; and the sage master of Clachlands trusted him only when he wrought under his own vigilant eye.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2013 June 29, “High and wet”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8842, page 28",
"text": "Floods in northern India, mostly in the small state of Uttarakhand, have wrought disaster on an enormous scale. The early, intense onset of the monsoon on June 14th swelled rivers, washing away roads, bridges, hotels and even whole villages. Rock-filled torrents smashed vehicles and homes, burying victims under rubble and sludge.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2001, Josef Wiesehofer, Ancient Persia, I.B.Tauris, page 27",
"text": "The goldsmiths who wrought the gold, those were Medes and Egyptians. The men who wrought the wood, those were Sardians and Egyptians. The men who wrought the baked brick, those were Babylonians.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "work"
}
],
"glosses": [
"simple past and past participle of work"
],
"id": "en-wrought-en-verb-EobpVAzS",
"links": [
[
"work",
"work#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 42 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 41 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2008, The Parliamentary Debates : House of Lords official report, page 85",
"text": "We are, however, in danger of ignoring the more fundamental lessons, forgetting the imperative to root out and to curb within our societies at every level—most importantly that of the individual—the greed, avarice, corruption and hubris which has wrought and will wreak so much havoc, not just in our relatively rich countries, but has its impact most unfairly on the poorer, unsophisticated countries.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "wreak"
}
],
"glosses": [
"simple past and past participle of wreak"
],
"id": "en-wrought-en-verb-T4veNCzJ",
"links": [
[
"wreak",
"wreak#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(see usage notes) simple past and past participle of wreak"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹɔːt/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹɔt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹɑt/",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"homophone": "rot (in accents with the cot-caught merger)"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːt"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-wrought.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/99/En-us-wrought.ogg/En-us-wrought.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/99/En-us-wrought.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "wrought"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "unwrought"
}
],
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English irregular past participles",
"English irregular simple past forms",
"English lemmas",
"English non-lemma forms",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *werǵ-",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verb forms",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːt",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːt/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "high-wrought"
},
{
"word": "what hath God wrought"
},
{
"word": "wrought iron"
},
{
"word": "wrought-up"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*werǵ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "werken",
"4": "",
"5": "to work"
},
"expansion": "Middle English werken (“to work”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "wyrċan"
},
"expansion": "Old English wyrċan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "worhte"
},
"expansion": "worhte",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ġeworht"
},
"expansion": "ġeworht",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*wurkijan",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *wurkijan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wurkijaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to work"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wurkijaną (“to work”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*werǵ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to work"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *werǵ- (“to work”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "wright"
},
"expansion": "wright",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "wheelwright"
},
"expansion": "wheelwright",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gewrocht"
},
"expansion": "Dutch gewrocht",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "werken"
},
"expansion": "werken",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "wrocht"
},
"expansion": "wrocht",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "wracht"
},
"expansion": "Low German wracht",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "warken"
},
"expansion": "warken",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "wrach"
},
"expansion": "wrach",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "wracht"
},
"expansion": "wracht",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The past participle of Middle English werken (“to work”), from Old English wyrċan (past tense worhte, past participle ġeworht), from Proto-West Germanic *wurkijan, from Proto-Germanic *wurkijaną (“to work”), from Proto-Indo-European *werǵ- (“to work”). Doublet of worked.\nCognate with wright (as in wheelwright etc.), Dutch gewrocht, archaic past participle of werken (archaic past tense wrocht), Low German wracht, archaic past participle of warken (archaic past tense wrach, archaic past participle wracht).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more wrought",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most wrought",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "wrought (comparative more wrought, superlative most wrought)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Is that fence made out of wrought iron?"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Having been worked or prepared somehow."
],
"links": [
[
"worked",
"worked"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹɔːt/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹɔt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹɑt/",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"homophone": "rot (in accents with the cot-caught merger)"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːt"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-wrought.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/99/En-us-wrought.ogg/En-us-wrought.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/99/En-us-wrought.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "izraboten",
"sense": "Having been worked or prepared somehow",
"word": "изработен"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "Having been worked or prepared somehow",
"word": "treballat"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Having been worked or prepared somehow",
"word": "työstetty"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "Having been worked or prepared somehow",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "travaillé"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "Having been worked or prepared somehow",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "forgé"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Having been worked or prepared somehow",
"word": "bearbeitet"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Having been worked or prepared somehow",
"word": "gefertigt"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Having been worked or prepared somehow",
"word": "getrieben"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Having been worked or prepared somehow",
"word": "gehämmert"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "Having been worked or prepared somehow",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lavorato"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "Having been worked or prepared somehow",
"word": "forjado"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"english": "worked",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obrabótannyj",
"sense": "Having been worked or prepared somehow",
"word": "обрабо́танный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"english": "prepared",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "podgotóvlennyj",
"sense": "Having been worked or prepared somehow",
"word": "подгото́вленный"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Having been worked or prepared somehow",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "trabajado"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Having been worked or prepared somehow",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "preparado"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Having been worked or prepared somehow",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "labrado"
}
],
"word": "wrought"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English irregular past participles",
"English irregular simple past forms",
"English lemmas",
"English non-lemma forms",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *werǵ-",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verb forms",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːt",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːt/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bewrought"
},
{
"word": "forewrought"
},
{
"word": "forwrought"
},
{
"word": "inwrought"
},
{
"word": "miswrought"
},
{
"word": "overwrought"
},
{
"word": "underwrought"
},
{
"word": "unwrought"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*werǵ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "werken",
"4": "",
"5": "to work"
},
"expansion": "Middle English werken (“to work”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "wyrċan"
},
"expansion": "Old English wyrċan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "worhte"
},
"expansion": "worhte",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ġeworht"
},
"expansion": "ġeworht",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*wurkijan",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *wurkijan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wurkijaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to work"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wurkijaną (“to work”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*werǵ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to work"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *werǵ- (“to work”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "wright"
},
"expansion": "wright",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "wheelwright"
},
"expansion": "wheelwright",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gewrocht"
},
"expansion": "Dutch gewrocht",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "werken"
},
"expansion": "werken",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "wrocht"
},
"expansion": "wrocht",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "wracht"
},
"expansion": "Low German wracht",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "warken"
},
"expansion": "warken",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "wrach"
},
"expansion": "wrach",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "wracht"
},
"expansion": "wracht",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The past participle of Middle English werken (“to work”), from Old English wyrċan (past tense worhte, past participle ġeworht), from Proto-West Germanic *wurkijan, from Proto-Germanic *wurkijaną (“to work”), from Proto-Indo-European *werǵ- (“to work”). Doublet of worked.\nCognate with wright (as in wheelwright etc.), Dutch gewrocht, archaic past participle of werken (archaic past tense wrocht), Low German wracht, archaic past participle of warken (archaic past tense wrach, archaic past participle wracht).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "wrought",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "What hath God wrought?"
},
{
"ref": "1899, John Buchan, Summer Weather",
"text": "I need not describe his attainments as sheep-farmer or shepherd; he scarcely learned the barest rudiments; and the sage master of Clachlands trusted him only when he wrought under his own vigilant eye.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2013 June 29, “High and wet”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8842, page 28",
"text": "Floods in northern India, mostly in the small state of Uttarakhand, have wrought disaster on an enormous scale. The early, intense onset of the monsoon on June 14th swelled rivers, washing away roads, bridges, hotels and even whole villages. Rock-filled torrents smashed vehicles and homes, burying victims under rubble and sludge.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2001, Josef Wiesehofer, Ancient Persia, I.B.Tauris, page 27",
"text": "The goldsmiths who wrought the gold, those were Medes and Egyptians. The men who wrought the wood, those were Sardians and Egyptians. The men who wrought the baked brick, those were Babylonians.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "work"
}
],
"glosses": [
"simple past and past participle of work"
],
"links": [
[
"work",
"work#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2008, The Parliamentary Debates : House of Lords official report, page 85",
"text": "We are, however, in danger of ignoring the more fundamental lessons, forgetting the imperative to root out and to curb within our societies at every level—most importantly that of the individual—the greed, avarice, corruption and hubris which has wrought and will wreak so much havoc, not just in our relatively rich countries, but has its impact most unfairly on the poorer, unsophisticated countries.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "wreak"
}
],
"glosses": [
"simple past and past participle of wreak"
],
"links": [
[
"wreak",
"wreak#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(see usage notes) simple past and past participle of wreak"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹɔːt/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹɔt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹɑt/",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"homophone": "rot (in accents with the cot-caught merger)"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːt"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-wrought.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/99/En-us-wrought.ogg/En-us-wrought.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/99/En-us-wrought.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "wrought"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.