See wroikos on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*gwrʉg"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic: *gwrʉg\nCornish: grug\nMiddle Breton: groegan\nMiddle Welsh: gerug, gwrug\nWelsh: grug",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic: *gwrʉg\nCornish: grug\nMiddle Breton: groegan\nMiddle Welsh: gerug, gwrug\nWelsh: grug"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "froích",
"3": "fróech"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: froích, fróech",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: froích, fróech"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "fráech"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish: fráech",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Irish: fráech"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "fraoch"
},
"expansion": "Irish: fraoch",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: fraoch"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "fraoch"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: fraoch",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: fraoch"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "freoagh"
},
"expansion": "Manx: freoagh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manx: freoagh"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xce",
"2": "*broikios"
},
"expansion": "Celtiberian: *broikios",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Celtiberian: *broikios"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "VL.",
"2": "*broccium",
"alt": "*broccium~*verocium",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Vulgar Latin: *broccium~*verocium",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Vulgar Latin: *broccium~*verocium (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-gau",
"2": "*wroika"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish: *wroika",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gaulish: *wroika"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la-eme",
"2": "brūcus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Early Medieval Latin: brūcus",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Early Medieval Latin: brūcus (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "qfa-sub"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*werˀź-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *werˀź-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "vìržis",
"t": "heather"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian vìržis (“heather”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "virzis",
"3": "vir̂zis",
"t": "heather"
},
"expansion": "Latvian vir̂zis (“heather”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*vȇrsъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *vȇrsъ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἐρείκη",
"t": "heather"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἐρείκη (ereíkē, “heather”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wert-",
"t": "to twist, turn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wert- (“to twist, turn”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown, possibly from a non-Indo-European substrate source. Cognates include Proto-Balto-Slavic *werˀź-, *wirˀź- (whence Lithuanian vìržis (“heather”), Latvian vir̂zis (“heather”), Proto-Slavic *vȇrsъ, *vȇrskъ) and Ancient Greek ἐρείκη (ereíkē, “heather”). It is sometimes linked to Proto-Indo-European *wert- (“to twist, turn”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cel-decl-noun-o-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "wroikos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "wroikou",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "wroikoi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "wroike",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "wroikou",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "wroikoi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "wroikom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "wroikou",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "wroikons",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "wroikī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "wroikous",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "wroikom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "wroikūi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "wroikobom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "wroikobos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "wroikei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "wroikū",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "wroikobim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "wroikūis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "noun",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*wroikos m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wroik"
},
"name": "cel-decl-noun-o-m"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/wroikos",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant target parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"heather"
],
"id": "en-wroikos-cel-pro-noun-oLfCRfqz",
"links": [
[
"heather",
"heather"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Rick Derksen"
]
}
],
"word": "wroikos"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*gwrʉg"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic: *gwrʉg\nCornish: grug\nMiddle Breton: groegan\nMiddle Welsh: gerug, gwrug\nWelsh: grug",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic: *gwrʉg\nCornish: grug\nMiddle Breton: groegan\nMiddle Welsh: gerug, gwrug\nWelsh: grug"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "froích",
"3": "fróech"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: froích, fróech",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: froích, fróech"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "fráech"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish: fráech",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Irish: fráech"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "fraoch"
},
"expansion": "Irish: fraoch",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: fraoch"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "fraoch"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: fraoch",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: fraoch"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "freoagh"
},
"expansion": "Manx: freoagh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manx: freoagh"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xce",
"2": "*broikios"
},
"expansion": "Celtiberian: *broikios",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Celtiberian: *broikios"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "VL.",
"2": "*broccium",
"alt": "*broccium~*verocium",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Vulgar Latin: *broccium~*verocium",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Vulgar Latin: *broccium~*verocium (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-gau",
"2": "*wroika"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish: *wroika",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gaulish: *wroika"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la-eme",
"2": "brūcus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Early Medieval Latin: brūcus",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Early Medieval Latin: brūcus (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "qfa-sub"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*werˀź-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *werˀź-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "vìržis",
"t": "heather"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian vìržis (“heather”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "virzis",
"3": "vir̂zis",
"t": "heather"
},
"expansion": "Latvian vir̂zis (“heather”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*vȇrsъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *vȇrsъ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἐρείκη",
"t": "heather"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἐρείκη (ereíkē, “heather”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wert-",
"t": "to twist, turn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wert- (“to twist, turn”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown, possibly from a non-Indo-European substrate source. Cognates include Proto-Balto-Slavic *werˀź-, *wirˀź- (whence Lithuanian vìržis (“heather”), Latvian vir̂zis (“heather”), Proto-Slavic *vȇrsъ, *vȇrskъ) and Ancient Greek ἐρείκη (ereíkē, “heather”). It is sometimes linked to Proto-Indo-European *wert- (“to twist, turn”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cel-decl-noun-o-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "wroikos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "wroikou",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "wroikoi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "wroike",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "wroikou",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "wroikoi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "wroikom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "wroikou",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "wroikons",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "wroikī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "wroikous",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "wroikom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "wroikūi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "wroikobom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "wroikobos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "wroikei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "wroikū",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "wroikobim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "wroikūis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "noun",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*wroikos m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wroik"
},
"name": "cel-decl-noun-o-m"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/wroikos",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latvian links with redundant target parameters",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Celtic lemmas",
"Proto-Celtic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Celtic nouns",
"Proto-Celtic o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Celtic terms borrowed from substrate languages",
"Proto-Celtic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Celtic terms derived from substrate languages",
"Proto-Celtic terms with unknown etymologies",
"cel-pro:Plants"
],
"glosses": [
"heather"
],
"links": [
[
"heather",
"heather"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Rick Derksen"
]
}
],
"word": "wroikos"
}
Download raw JSONL data for wroikos meaning in All languages combined (6.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-21 using wiktextract (ce0be54 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.