See wes- on Wiktionary
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{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Anatolian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"tr": "waš-"
},
"expansion": "Hittite: [script needed] (waš-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hittite: [script needed] (waš-)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*was-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *was-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *was-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*was-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *was-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *was-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वस्"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: वस् (vas)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: वस् (vas)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*wah-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *wah-",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *wah- (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-toc-pro",
"2": "*wäs-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tocharian: *wäs-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tocharian: *wäs-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "wäs-"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A: wäs-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian A: wäs-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "wäs-"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B: wäs-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian B: wäs-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*wés-e-ti",
"pos": "thematic present"
},
"expansion": "*wés-e-ti (thematic present)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*wés-e-ti (thematic present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*wásati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wásati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wásati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*wáhati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *wáhati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *wáhati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬬𐬀𐬢𐬵𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬀𐬢𐬵𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (vaŋhaⁱti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬀𐬢𐬵𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (vaŋhaⁱti)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*wéstor",
"3": "*wés-tor ~ *wés-ror",
"pos": "deponent athematic Narten root present"
},
"expansion": "*wés-tor ~ *wés-ror (deponent athematic Narten root present)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*wés-tor ~ *wés-ror (deponent athematic Narten root present)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*wes-néw- ~ *wes-nu-",
"pos": "nu-present"
},
"expansion": "*wes-néw- ~ *wes-nu- (nu-present)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*wes-néw- ~ *wes-nu- (nu-present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "զգենում"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: զգենում (zgenum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: զգենում (zgenum)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*wehnūmi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *wehnūmi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *wehnūmi"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἕννῡμῐ"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἕννῡμῐ (hénnūmi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἕννῡμῐ (hénnūmi)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "εἵνῡμῐ"
},
"expansion": "εἵνῡμῐ (heínūmi)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Ionic Greek: εἵνῡμῐ (heínūmi)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*woséyeti",
"3": "*wos-éye-ti",
"pos": "causative"
},
"expansion": "*wos-éye-ti (causative)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*wos-éye-ti (causative)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*wés-h₂nos"
},
"expansion": "*wés-h₂nos",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*wés-h₂nos"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*wéhanos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *wéhanos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *wéhanos"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἑᾰνός"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἑᾰνός (heanós)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "εἱᾰνός"
},
"expansion": "εἱᾰνός (heianós)",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verse-initially"
},
"expansion": "(verse-initially)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἑᾱνός"
},
"expansion": "ἑᾱνός (heānós)",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "later"
},
"expansion": "(later)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἑᾰνός (heanós), εἱᾰνός (heianós) (verse-initially), ἑᾱνός (heānós) (later)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmy",
"2": "𐀸𐁀𐀜𐀂",
"pos": "dat.pl.",
"ts": "wehanoiʰi"
},
"expansion": "Mycenaean Greek: 𐀸𐁀𐀜𐀂 (we-ha-no-i /wehanoiʰi/, dat.pl.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mycenaean Greek: 𐀸𐁀𐀜𐀂 (we-ha-no-i /wehanoiʰi/, dat.pl.)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*wásanas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wásanas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wásanas"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*wásanas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wásanas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wásanas"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वसन",
"tr": "vásana"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: वसन (vásana)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: वसन (vásana)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*wáhanah"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *wáhanah",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *wáhanah"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬬𐬀𐬢𐬵𐬀𐬥𐬀"
},
"expansion": "𐬬𐬀𐬢𐬵𐬀𐬥𐬀 (vaŋhana)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Younger Avestan: 𐬬𐬀𐬢𐬵𐬀𐬥𐬀 (vaŋhana)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*wéstor"
},
"expansion": "*wéstor",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*wés-m̥h₁nos",
"pos": "present middle participle of <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ine-pro\">*wéstor</i>"
},
"expansion": "*wés-m̥h₁nos (present middle participle of *wéstor)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*wés-m̥h₁nos (present middle participle of *wéstor)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*wéhmenos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *wéhmenos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *wéhmenos"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "εἱμένος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: εἱμένος (heiménos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: εἱμένος (heiménos)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*wásaHnas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wásaHnas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wásaHnas"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*wáhaHnah"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *wáhaHnah",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *wáhaHnah"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬬𐬀𐬢𐬵𐬁𐬥𐬀"
},
"expansion": "𐬬𐬀𐬢𐬵𐬁𐬥𐬀 (vaŋhāna)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Younger Avestan: 𐬬𐬀𐬢𐬵𐬁𐬥𐬀 (vaŋhāna)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*wés-mn̥"
},
"expansion": "*wés-mn̥",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*wés-mn̥"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*wéhmə"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *wéhmə",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *wéhmə"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "εἷμα"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: εἷμα (heîma)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "εἵματα",
"3": "",
"4": "clothes"
},
"expansion": "εἵματα (heímata, “clothes”)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: εἷμα (heîma), εἵματα (heímata, “clothes”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἔμμα"
},
"expansion": "ἔμμα (émma)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Aeolic Greek: ἔμμα (émma)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ϝῆμα"
},
"expansion": "ϝῆμα (wêma)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Cretan Greek: ϝῆμα (wêma)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*wásma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wásma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wásma"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*wásma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wásma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wásma"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वस्मन्",
"tr": "vásman"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: वस्मन् (vásman)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: वस्मन् (vásman)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*wéstis",
"3": "*wés-tis ~ *us-téy-s"
},
"expansion": "*wés-tis ~ *us-téy-s",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "*wés-tis ~ *us-téy-s (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*wés-trom"
},
"expansion": "*wés-trom",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*wés-trom"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Germanic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "wester",
"t": "christening dress"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: wester (“christening dress”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: wester (“christening dress”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*wéstrā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *wéstrā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *wéstrā"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ϝέστρᾱ"
},
"expansion": "ϝέστρᾱ (wéstrā)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Doric Greek: ϝέστρᾱ (wéstrā)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*wástram"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wástram",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wástram (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*wés-tus"
},
"expansion": "*wés-tus",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*wés-tus"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "զգեստ"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: զգեստ (zgest)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: զգեստ (zgest)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "առագաստ",
"alt": "առա-գաստ"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: առա-գաստ (aṙa-gast)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*wés-t-eh₂-"
},
"expansion": "*wés-t-eh₂-",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: առա-գաստ (aṙa-gast) (< *wés-t-eh₂-) (possibly)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἐσθής"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἐσθής (esthḗs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἐσθής (esthḗs)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "dress"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table",
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wes-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to dress, clothe"
],
"id": "en-wes--ine-pro-root-ine_pro:clothe",
"links": [
[
"dress",
"dress"
],
[
"clothe",
"clothe"
]
],
"senseid": [
"ine-pro:clothe"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
],
"word": "wes-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*wḗs-ti",
"pos": "acrodynamic present"
},
"expansion": "*wḗs-ti (acrodynamic present)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*wḗs-ti (acrodynamic present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "vescor",
"alt": "vēscor",
"t": "to nourish oneself"
},
"expansion": "Latin: vēscor (“to nourish oneself”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: vēscor (“to nourish oneself”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "wesiyattari",
"t": "grazes"
},
"expansion": "Hittite: wesiyattari (“grazes”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hittite: wesiyattari (“grazes”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*wesaną",
"t": "to consume, feast"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *wesaną (“to consume, feast”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *wesaną (“to consume, feast”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*wes-teh₂-"
},
"expansion": "*wes-teh₂-",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*wes-teh₂-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*westā",
"t": "food, feast"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *westā (“food, feast”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *westā (“food, feast”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*wes-ti-"
},
"expansion": "*wes-ti-",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*wes-ti-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*wistiz",
"id": "food",
"t": "provisions, food"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *wistiz (“provisions, food”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *wistiz (“provisions, food”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*wes-ri-"
},
"expansion": "*wes-ri-",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*wes-ri-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "wäsri",
"t": "pasture"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A: wäsri (“pasture”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian A: wäsri (“pasture”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "wēsi-",
"t": "meadow"
},
"expansion": "Hittite: wēsi- (“meadow”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hittite: wēsi- (“meadow”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "wastara-",
"t": "herdsman"
},
"expansion": "Hittite: wastara- (“herdsman”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hittite: wastara- (“herdsman”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬬𐬁𐬯𐬙𐬀𐬭",
"t": "herdsman"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬁𐬯𐬙𐬀𐬭 (vāstar, “herdsman”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬁𐬯𐬙𐬀𐬭 (vāstar, “herdsman”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬬𐬁𐬯𐬙𐬭𐬀",
"t": "pasture"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬁𐬯𐬙𐬭𐬀 (vāstra, “pasture”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬁𐬯𐬙𐬭𐬀 (vāstra, “pasture”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*wisundz",
"t": "bison"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *wisundz (“bison”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *wisundz (“bison”)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "graze"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table",
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wes-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "41 59 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European ReC-shape roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 92 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 97",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European imperfective roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 98 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to graze, consume, eat"
],
"id": "en-wes--ine-pro-root-ine_pro:graze",
"links": [
[
"graze",
"graze"
],
[
"consume",
"consume"
],
[
"eat",
"eat"
]
],
"senseid": [
"ine-pro:graze"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
],
"word": "wes-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*wés-ti ~ *us-énti",
"pos": "athematic root present"
},
"expansion": "*wés-ti ~ *us-énti (athematic root present)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*wés-ti ~ *us-énti (athematic root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-ana-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Anatolian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Anatolian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"ts": "u̯a-a-ši"
},
"expansion": "Hittite: [Term?] (/u̯a-a-ši/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hittite: [Term?] (/u̯a-a-ši/)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*we-wós-e ~ *we-wus-ḗr",
"pos": "perfect"
},
"expansion": "*we-wós-e ~ *we-wus-ḗr (perfect)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*we-wós-e ~ *we-wus-ḗr (perfect)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"ts": "wāsi"
},
"expansion": "Hittite: [Term?] (/wāsi/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hittite: [Term?] (/wāsi/)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*wósn̥",
"3": "*wós-n̥ ~ *us-né-s",
"4": "sale; price"
},
"expansion": "*wós-n̥ ~ *us-né-s (“sale; price”)",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "*wós-n̥ ~ *us-né-s (“sale; price”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*wes-ó-s",
"4": "selling, trade"
},
"expansion": "*wes-ó-s (“selling, trade”)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*wes-ó-s (“selling, trade”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*wasás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wasás",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wasás"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*waháh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *waháh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *waháh"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kho",
"2": "𑀩𑀳𑁄𑀬𑁆𑀲𑀦"
},
"expansion": "Khotanese: 𑀩𑀳𑁄𑀬𑁆𑀲𑀦 (bahoysana)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khotanese: 𑀩𑀳𑁄𑀬𑁆𑀲𑀦 (bahoysana)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"ts": "wahāg"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian: [Term?] (/wahāg/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Persian: [Term?] (/wahāg/)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "بها",
"tr": "bahâ"
},
"expansion": "Persian: بها (bahâ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Persian: بها (bahâ)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "os",
"2": "уæй"
},
"expansion": "Ossetian: уӕй (wæj)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ossetian: уӕй (wæj)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"t": "merchant",
"ts": "xwʾqr"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian: [Term?] (/xwʾqr/, “merchant”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sogdian: [Term?] (/xwʾqr/, “merchant”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*wahá-čāra-",
"der": "1",
"t": "market"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Iranian: *wahá-čāra- (“market”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*kʷel-",
"3": "",
"4": "to walk"
},
"expansion": "*kʷel- (“to walk”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "with <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ine-pro\">*kʷel-</i> (“to walk”)"
},
"expansion": "(with *kʷel- (“to walk”))",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Iranian: *wahá-čāra- (“market”) (with *kʷel- (“to walk”))"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "glk",
"2": "واجار",
"t": "open market, bazaar",
"tr": "vājār"
},
"expansion": "Gilaki: واجار (vājār, “open market, bazaar”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gilaki: واجار (vājār, “open market, bazaar”)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mzn",
"2": "واجار",
"tr": "vājār"
},
"expansion": "Mazanderani: واجار (vājār)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mazanderani: واجار (vājār)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"sc": "Phlv",
"tr": "wʾčʾl",
"ts": "wāzār"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian: [Book Pahlavi needed] (wʾčʾl /wāzār/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Persian: [Book Pahlavi needed] (wʾčʾl /wāzār/)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "بازار",
"tr": "bâzâr"
},
"expansion": "Persian: بازار (bâzâr)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Persian: بازار (bâzâr) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*ostadak",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Finnic: *ostadak",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Finnic: *ostadak"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "sell"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table",
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wes-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to sell"
],
"id": "en-wes--ine-pro-root-l6CkWB53",
"links": [
[
"sell",
"sell"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
],
"word": "wes-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "wes-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"wes"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "wz-"
},
{
"word": "used before some voiceless consonant clusters"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "wes- + przeć → wesprzeć",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of wz-, used before some voiceless consonant clusters"
],
"id": "en-wes--pl-prefix-1l8p89q8",
"links": [
[
"wz-",
"wz-#Polish"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "wz-"
},
{
"word": "ws-"
},
{
"word": "wś-"
},
{
"word": "wez-"
}
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/vɛs/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛs"
}
],
"word": "wes-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "wes-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"wes"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "wz-"
},
{
"word": "used before some voiceless consonant clusters"
}
],
"categories": [
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish prefixes",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛs",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛs/1 syllable"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "wes- + przeć → wesprzeć",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of wz-, used before some voiceless consonant clusters"
],
"links": [
[
"wz-",
"wz-#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/vɛs/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛs"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "wz-"
},
{
"word": "ws-"
},
{
"word": "wś-"
},
{
"word": "wez-"
}
],
"word": "wes-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Indo-European ReC-shape roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European imperfective roots",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Anatolian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"tr": "waš-"
},
"expansion": "Hittite: [script needed] (waš-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hittite: [script needed] (waš-)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*was-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *was-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *was-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*was-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *was-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *was-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वस्"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: वस् (vas)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: वस् (vas)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*wah-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *wah-",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *wah- (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-toc-pro",
"2": "*wäs-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tocharian: *wäs-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tocharian: *wäs-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "wäs-"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A: wäs-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian A: wäs-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "wäs-"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B: wäs-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian B: wäs-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*wés-e-ti",
"pos": "thematic present"
},
"expansion": "*wés-e-ti (thematic present)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*wés-e-ti (thematic present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*wásati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wásati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wásati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*wáhati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *wáhati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *wáhati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬬𐬀𐬢𐬵𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬀𐬢𐬵𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (vaŋhaⁱti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬀𐬢𐬵𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (vaŋhaⁱti)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*wéstor",
"3": "*wés-tor ~ *wés-ror",
"pos": "deponent athematic Narten root present"
},
"expansion": "*wés-tor ~ *wés-ror (deponent athematic Narten root present)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*wés-tor ~ *wés-ror (deponent athematic Narten root present)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*wes-néw- ~ *wes-nu-",
"pos": "nu-present"
},
"expansion": "*wes-néw- ~ *wes-nu- (nu-present)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*wes-néw- ~ *wes-nu- (nu-present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "զգենում"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: զգենում (zgenum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: զգենում (zgenum)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*wehnūmi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *wehnūmi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *wehnūmi"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἕννῡμῐ"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἕννῡμῐ (hénnūmi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἕννῡμῐ (hénnūmi)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "εἵνῡμῐ"
},
"expansion": "εἵνῡμῐ (heínūmi)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Ionic Greek: εἵνῡμῐ (heínūmi)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*woséyeti",
"3": "*wos-éye-ti",
"pos": "causative"
},
"expansion": "*wos-éye-ti (causative)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*wos-éye-ti (causative)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*wés-h₂nos"
},
"expansion": "*wés-h₂nos",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*wés-h₂nos"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*wéhanos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *wéhanos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *wéhanos"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἑᾰνός"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἑᾰνός (heanós)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "εἱᾰνός"
},
"expansion": "εἱᾰνός (heianós)",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verse-initially"
},
"expansion": "(verse-initially)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἑᾱνός"
},
"expansion": "ἑᾱνός (heānós)",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "later"
},
"expansion": "(later)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἑᾰνός (heanós), εἱᾰνός (heianós) (verse-initially), ἑᾱνός (heānós) (later)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmy",
"2": "𐀸𐁀𐀜𐀂",
"pos": "dat.pl.",
"ts": "wehanoiʰi"
},
"expansion": "Mycenaean Greek: 𐀸𐁀𐀜𐀂 (we-ha-no-i /wehanoiʰi/, dat.pl.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mycenaean Greek: 𐀸𐁀𐀜𐀂 (we-ha-no-i /wehanoiʰi/, dat.pl.)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*wásanas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wásanas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wásanas"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*wásanas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wásanas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wásanas"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वसन",
"tr": "vásana"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: वसन (vásana)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: वसन (vásana)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*wáhanah"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *wáhanah",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *wáhanah"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬬𐬀𐬢𐬵𐬀𐬥𐬀"
},
"expansion": "𐬬𐬀𐬢𐬵𐬀𐬥𐬀 (vaŋhana)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Younger Avestan: 𐬬𐬀𐬢𐬵𐬀𐬥𐬀 (vaŋhana)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*wéstor"
},
"expansion": "*wéstor",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*wés-m̥h₁nos",
"pos": "present middle participle of <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ine-pro\">*wéstor</i>"
},
"expansion": "*wés-m̥h₁nos (present middle participle of *wéstor)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*wés-m̥h₁nos (present middle participle of *wéstor)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*wéhmenos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *wéhmenos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *wéhmenos"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "εἱμένος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: εἱμένος (heiménos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: εἱμένος (heiménos)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*wásaHnas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wásaHnas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wásaHnas"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*wáhaHnah"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *wáhaHnah",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *wáhaHnah"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬬𐬀𐬢𐬵𐬁𐬥𐬀"
},
"expansion": "𐬬𐬀𐬢𐬵𐬁𐬥𐬀 (vaŋhāna)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Younger Avestan: 𐬬𐬀𐬢𐬵𐬁𐬥𐬀 (vaŋhāna)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*wés-mn̥"
},
"expansion": "*wés-mn̥",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*wés-mn̥"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*wéhmə"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *wéhmə",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *wéhmə"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "εἷμα"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: εἷμα (heîma)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "εἵματα",
"3": "",
"4": "clothes"
},
"expansion": "εἵματα (heímata, “clothes”)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: εἷμα (heîma), εἵματα (heímata, “clothes”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἔμμα"
},
"expansion": "ἔμμα (émma)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Aeolic Greek: ἔμμα (émma)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ϝῆμα"
},
"expansion": "ϝῆμα (wêma)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Cretan Greek: ϝῆμα (wêma)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*wásma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wásma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wásma"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*wásma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wásma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wásma"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वस्मन्",
"tr": "vásman"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: वस्मन् (vásman)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: वस्मन् (vásman)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*wéstis",
"3": "*wés-tis ~ *us-téy-s"
},
"expansion": "*wés-tis ~ *us-téy-s",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "*wés-tis ~ *us-téy-s (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*wés-trom"
},
"expansion": "*wés-trom",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*wés-trom"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Germanic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "wester",
"t": "christening dress"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: wester (“christening dress”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: wester (“christening dress”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*wéstrā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *wéstrā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *wéstrā"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ϝέστρᾱ"
},
"expansion": "ϝέστρᾱ (wéstrā)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Doric Greek: ϝέστρᾱ (wéstrā)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*wástram"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wástram",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wástram (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*wés-tus"
},
"expansion": "*wés-tus",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*wés-tus"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "զգեստ"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: զգեստ (zgest)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: զգեստ (zgest)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "առագաստ",
"alt": "առա-գաստ"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: առա-գաստ (aṙa-gast)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*wés-t-eh₂-"
},
"expansion": "*wés-t-eh₂-",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: առա-գաստ (aṙa-gast) (< *wés-t-eh₂-) (possibly)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἐσθής"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἐσθής (esthḗs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἐσθής (esthḗs)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "dress"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table",
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wes-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"ine-pro:Clothing"
],
"glosses": [
"to dress, clothe"
],
"links": [
[
"dress",
"dress"
],
[
"clothe",
"clothe"
]
],
"senseid": [
"ine-pro:clothe"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
],
"word": "wes-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Indo-European ReC-shape roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European imperfective roots",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*wḗs-ti",
"pos": "acrodynamic present"
},
"expansion": "*wḗs-ti (acrodynamic present)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*wḗs-ti (acrodynamic present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "vescor",
"alt": "vēscor",
"t": "to nourish oneself"
},
"expansion": "Latin: vēscor (“to nourish oneself”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: vēscor (“to nourish oneself”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "wesiyattari",
"t": "grazes"
},
"expansion": "Hittite: wesiyattari (“grazes”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hittite: wesiyattari (“grazes”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*wesaną",
"t": "to consume, feast"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *wesaną (“to consume, feast”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *wesaną (“to consume, feast”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*wes-teh₂-"
},
"expansion": "*wes-teh₂-",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*wes-teh₂-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*westā",
"t": "food, feast"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *westā (“food, feast”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *westā (“food, feast”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*wes-ti-"
},
"expansion": "*wes-ti-",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*wes-ti-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*wistiz",
"id": "food",
"t": "provisions, food"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *wistiz (“provisions, food”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *wistiz (“provisions, food”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*wes-ri-"
},
"expansion": "*wes-ri-",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*wes-ri-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "wäsri",
"t": "pasture"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A: wäsri (“pasture”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian A: wäsri (“pasture”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "wēsi-",
"t": "meadow"
},
"expansion": "Hittite: wēsi- (“meadow”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hittite: wēsi- (“meadow”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "wastara-",
"t": "herdsman"
},
"expansion": "Hittite: wastara- (“herdsman”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hittite: wastara- (“herdsman”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬬𐬁𐬯𐬙𐬀𐬭",
"t": "herdsman"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬁𐬯𐬙𐬀𐬭 (vāstar, “herdsman”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬁𐬯𐬙𐬀𐬭 (vāstar, “herdsman”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬬𐬁𐬯𐬙𐬭𐬀",
"t": "pasture"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬁𐬯𐬙𐬭𐬀 (vāstra, “pasture”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬁𐬯𐬙𐬭𐬀 (vāstra, “pasture”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*wisundz",
"t": "bison"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *wisundz (“bison”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *wisundz (“bison”)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "graze"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table",
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wes-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to graze, consume, eat"
],
"links": [
[
"graze",
"graze"
],
[
"consume",
"consume"
],
[
"eat",
"eat"
]
],
"senseid": [
"ine-pro:graze"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
],
"word": "wes-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Indo-European ReC-shape roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*wés-ti ~ *us-énti",
"pos": "athematic root present"
},
"expansion": "*wés-ti ~ *us-énti (athematic root present)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*wés-ti ~ *us-énti (athematic root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-ana-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Anatolian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Anatolian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"ts": "u̯a-a-ši"
},
"expansion": "Hittite: [Term?] (/u̯a-a-ši/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hittite: [Term?] (/u̯a-a-ši/)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*we-wós-e ~ *we-wus-ḗr",
"pos": "perfect"
},
"expansion": "*we-wós-e ~ *we-wus-ḗr (perfect)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*we-wós-e ~ *we-wus-ḗr (perfect)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"ts": "wāsi"
},
"expansion": "Hittite: [Term?] (/wāsi/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hittite: [Term?] (/wāsi/)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*wósn̥",
"3": "*wós-n̥ ~ *us-né-s",
"4": "sale; price"
},
"expansion": "*wós-n̥ ~ *us-né-s (“sale; price”)",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "*wós-n̥ ~ *us-né-s (“sale; price”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*wes-ó-s",
"4": "selling, trade"
},
"expansion": "*wes-ó-s (“selling, trade”)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*wes-ó-s (“selling, trade”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*wasás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wasás",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wasás"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*waháh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *waháh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *waháh"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kho",
"2": "𑀩𑀳𑁄𑀬𑁆𑀲𑀦"
},
"expansion": "Khotanese: 𑀩𑀳𑁄𑀬𑁆𑀲𑀦 (bahoysana)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khotanese: 𑀩𑀳𑁄𑀬𑁆𑀲𑀦 (bahoysana)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"ts": "wahāg"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian: [Term?] (/wahāg/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Persian: [Term?] (/wahāg/)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "بها",
"tr": "bahâ"
},
"expansion": "Persian: بها (bahâ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Persian: بها (bahâ)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "os",
"2": "уæй"
},
"expansion": "Ossetian: уӕй (wæj)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ossetian: уӕй (wæj)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"t": "merchant",
"ts": "xwʾqr"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian: [Term?] (/xwʾqr/, “merchant”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sogdian: [Term?] (/xwʾqr/, “merchant”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*wahá-čāra-",
"der": "1",
"t": "market"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Iranian: *wahá-čāra- (“market”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*kʷel-",
"3": "",
"4": "to walk"
},
"expansion": "*kʷel- (“to walk”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "with <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ine-pro\">*kʷel-</i> (“to walk”)"
},
"expansion": "(with *kʷel- (“to walk”))",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Iranian: *wahá-čāra- (“market”) (with *kʷel- (“to walk”))"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "glk",
"2": "واجار",
"t": "open market, bazaar",
"tr": "vājār"
},
"expansion": "Gilaki: واجار (vājār, “open market, bazaar”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gilaki: واجار (vājār, “open market, bazaar”)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mzn",
"2": "واجار",
"tr": "vājār"
},
"expansion": "Mazanderani: واجار (vājār)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mazanderani: واجار (vājār)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"sc": "Phlv",
"tr": "wʾčʾl",
"ts": "wāzār"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian: [Book Pahlavi needed] (wʾčʾl /wāzār/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Persian: [Book Pahlavi needed] (wʾčʾl /wāzār/)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "بازار",
"tr": "bâzâr"
},
"expansion": "Persian: بازار (bâzâr)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Persian: بازار (bâzâr) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*ostadak",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Finnic: *ostadak",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Finnic: *ostadak"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "sell"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table",
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wes-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to sell"
],
"links": [
[
"sell",
"sell"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
],
"word": "wes-"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e268c0e and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.