See wers- on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wers-é-ti (simple thematic present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*werzaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *werzaną",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "perhaps “to thresh” > “to mix up”"
},
"expansion": "(perhaps “to thresh” > “to mix up”)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *werzaną (perhaps “to thresh” > “to mix up”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wr̥s-é-ti ~ *wr̥s-ó-nti (tudati-type thematic present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*vьrťi",
"t": "to thresh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *vьrťi (“to thresh”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *vьrťi (“to thresh”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*wors-e/o-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *wors-e/o-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *wors-e/o-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "vorrō"
},
"expansion": "Latin: vorrō",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: vorrō, verrō (“to sweep clean”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wr̥s-tís"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*wurstiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *wurstiz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *wurstiz"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*wursti",
"t": "sausage",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-West Germanic: *wursti (“sausage”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "or from <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ine-pro\">*wert-</i> (“to turn”)"
},
"expansion": "(or from *wert- (“to turn”))",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-West Germanic: *wursti (“sausage”) (or from *wert- (“to turn”)) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*varsa"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *varsa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *varsa"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "zvarrë",
"alts": "1",
"der": "1",
"pos": "adv",
"t": "being dragged on the ground"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Albanian: zvarrë (“being dragged on the ground”, adverb), varrë, xvarrë",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Albanian: zvarrë (“being dragged on the ground”, adverb), varrë, xvarrë"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "vârsms",
"t": "heap of corn, grain"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: vârsms (“heap of corn, grain”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: vârsms (“heap of corn, grain”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "vǫrr",
"t": "stroke, pull of an oar"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: vǫrr (“stroke, pull of an oar”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: vǫrr (“stroke, pull of an oar”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "-",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Hellenic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἐρύω",
"t": "to drag, pull"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἐρύω (erúō, “to drag, pull”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἐρύω (erúō, “to drag, pull”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "-",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Hellenic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἔρρω",
"t": "to go slowly, limp"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἔρρω (érrhō, “to go slowly, limp”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἔρρω (érrhō, “to go slowly, limp”)"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wers-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "47 15 0 12 18 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "69 9 0 12 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "59 7 0 8 16 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European ReRC-shaped roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "84 3 0 3 6 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "82 2 0 0 10 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European homonymic roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "83 2 0 0 9 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to wipe"
],
"id": "en-wers--ine-pro-root-ine_pro:wipe",
"links": [
[
"wipe",
"wipe"
]
],
"senseid": [
"ine-pro:wipe"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to drag (on the ground), sweep ~ thresh"
],
"id": "en-wers--ine-pro-root-h-lbIuag",
"links": [
[
"drag",
"drag"
],
[
"sweep",
"sweep"
],
[
"thresh",
"thresh"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
],
"word": "wers-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wérs-t ~ *wr̥s-ént (root aorist)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "आ वृषस्व",
"t": "pull yourself together!",
"tr": "ā́ vṛṣásva"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: आ वृषस्व (ā́ vṛṣásva, “pull yourself together!”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: आ वृषस्व (ā́ vṛṣásva, “pull yourself together!”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wr̥s-yé-ti ~ *wr̥s-yó-nti (thematic present with suffix -yé/ó-)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-ana-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Anatolian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Anatolian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒉿𒅈𒅆𒅀𒊍𒍣",
"t": "to lift oneself",
"tr": "wa-ar-ši-ya-az-zi",
"ts": "waršiye/azi"
},
"expansion": "Hittite: 𒉿𒅈𒅆𒅀𒊍𒍣 (wa-ar-ši-ya-az-zi /waršiye/azi/, “to lift oneself”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hittite: 𒉿𒅈𒅆𒅀𒊍𒍣 (wa-ar-ši-ya-az-zi /waršiye/azi/, “to lift oneself”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "",
"der": "1",
"nolb": "1",
"tr": "wa-ar-ši-ya-za",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "⇒ [script needed] ([wa-a]r-ši-ya-za)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ [script needed] ([wa-a]r-ši-ya-za), 𒉿𒅈𒅆𒅀𒋻 (wa-ar-ši-ya-tar /warsiyatar/, “reconciliation”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wérs-mn̥"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*wérhmə"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *wérhmə",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *wérhmə"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἕρμα",
"t": "heap of stones; reef, rock, cliff, hill; foundation",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Ancient Greek: ἕρμα (hérma, “heap of stones; reef, rock, cliff, hill; foundation”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Ancient Greek: ἕρμα (hérma, “heap of stones; reef, rock, cliff, hill; foundation”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*wáršma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wáršma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wáršma"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*wáršma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wáršma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wáršma"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वर्ष्मन्",
"t": "height, top",
"tr": "várṣman"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: वर्ष्मन् (várṣman, “height, top”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: वर्ष्मन् (várṣman, “height, top”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wers-ó-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*wersos",
"t": "high(er)"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *wersos (“high(er)”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *wersos (“high(er)”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ferr",
"t": "better"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: ferr (“better”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: ferr (“better”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*we/ors-u-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "verrūca",
"t": "wart; hillock"
},
"expansion": "Latin: verrūca (“wart; hillock”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: verrūca (“wart; hillock”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wors-ó-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*warzaz",
"t": "callus",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Germanic: *warzaz (“callus”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Germanic: *warzaz (“callus”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wérs-to"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-ana-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Anatolian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Anatolian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"ts": "warštta(ri)"
},
"expansion": "Hittite: [Term?] (/warštta(ri)/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hittite: [Term?] (/warštta(ri)/)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wr̥s-éh₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*warsā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *warsā",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *warsā (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wr̥s-u-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*wíršus"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *wíršus",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *wíršus (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*warš-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *warš-",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *warš- (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wers-",
"pos": "root",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 64 36",
"word": "wérsēn"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to rise; to raise, lift"
],
"id": "en-wers--ine-pro-root-ine_pro:rise",
"links": [
[
"rise",
"rise"
],
[
"raise",
"raise"
],
[
"lift",
"lift"
]
],
"senseid": [
"ine-pro:rise"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to protrude; to be high (?)"
],
"id": "en-wers--ine-pro-root-hJmWwQLq",
"links": [
[
"protrude",
"protrude"
],
[
"high",
"high"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"peak, height, top"
],
"id": "en-wers--ine-pro-root-IryApdlE",
"links": [
[
"peak",
"peak"
],
[
"height",
"height"
],
[
"top",
"top"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"? excrescence of the skin"
],
"id": "en-wers--ine-pro-root-9VmVVYhe",
"links": [
[
"excrescence",
"excrescence"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
],
"word": "wers-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European ReRC-shaped roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European homonymic roots",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wers-é-ti (simple thematic present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*werzaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *werzaną",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "perhaps “to thresh” > “to mix up”"
},
"expansion": "(perhaps “to thresh” > “to mix up”)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *werzaną (perhaps “to thresh” > “to mix up”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wr̥s-é-ti ~ *wr̥s-ó-nti (tudati-type thematic present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*vьrťi",
"t": "to thresh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *vьrťi (“to thresh”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *vьrťi (“to thresh”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*wors-e/o-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *wors-e/o-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *wors-e/o-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "vorrō"
},
"expansion": "Latin: vorrō",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: vorrō, verrō (“to sweep clean”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wr̥s-tís"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*wurstiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *wurstiz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *wurstiz"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*wursti",
"t": "sausage",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-West Germanic: *wursti (“sausage”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "or from <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ine-pro\">*wert-</i> (“to turn”)"
},
"expansion": "(or from *wert- (“to turn”))",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-West Germanic: *wursti (“sausage”) (or from *wert- (“to turn”)) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*varsa"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *varsa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *varsa"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "zvarrë",
"alts": "1",
"der": "1",
"pos": "adv",
"t": "being dragged on the ground"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Albanian: zvarrë (“being dragged on the ground”, adverb), varrë, xvarrë",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Albanian: zvarrë (“being dragged on the ground”, adverb), varrë, xvarrë"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "vârsms",
"t": "heap of corn, grain"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: vârsms (“heap of corn, grain”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: vârsms (“heap of corn, grain”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "vǫrr",
"t": "stroke, pull of an oar"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: vǫrr (“stroke, pull of an oar”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: vǫrr (“stroke, pull of an oar”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "-",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Hellenic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἐρύω",
"t": "to drag, pull"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἐρύω (erúō, “to drag, pull”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἐρύω (erúō, “to drag, pull”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "-",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Hellenic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἔρρω",
"t": "to go slowly, limp"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἔρρω (érrhō, “to go slowly, limp”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἔρρω (érrhō, “to go slowly, limp”)"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wers-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to wipe"
],
"links": [
[
"wipe",
"wipe"
]
],
"senseid": [
"ine-pro:wipe"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to drag (on the ground), sweep ~ thresh"
],
"links": [
[
"drag",
"drag"
],
[
"sweep",
"sweep"
],
[
"thresh",
"thresh"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
],
"word": "wers-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European ReRC-shaped roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European homonymic roots",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wérs-t ~ *wr̥s-ént (root aorist)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "आ वृषस्व",
"t": "pull yourself together!",
"tr": "ā́ vṛṣásva"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: आ वृषस्व (ā́ vṛṣásva, “pull yourself together!”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: आ वृषस्व (ā́ vṛṣásva, “pull yourself together!”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wr̥s-yé-ti ~ *wr̥s-yó-nti (thematic present with suffix -yé/ó-)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-ana-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Anatolian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Anatolian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒉿𒅈𒅆𒅀𒊍𒍣",
"t": "to lift oneself",
"tr": "wa-ar-ši-ya-az-zi",
"ts": "waršiye/azi"
},
"expansion": "Hittite: 𒉿𒅈𒅆𒅀𒊍𒍣 (wa-ar-ši-ya-az-zi /waršiye/azi/, “to lift oneself”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hittite: 𒉿𒅈𒅆𒅀𒊍𒍣 (wa-ar-ši-ya-az-zi /waršiye/azi/, “to lift oneself”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "",
"der": "1",
"nolb": "1",
"tr": "wa-ar-ši-ya-za",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "⇒ [script needed] ([wa-a]r-ši-ya-za)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ [script needed] ([wa-a]r-ši-ya-za), 𒉿𒅈𒅆𒅀𒋻 (wa-ar-ši-ya-tar /warsiyatar/, “reconciliation”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wérs-mn̥"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*wérhmə"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *wérhmə",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *wérhmə"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἕρμα",
"t": "heap of stones; reef, rock, cliff, hill; foundation",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Ancient Greek: ἕρμα (hérma, “heap of stones; reef, rock, cliff, hill; foundation”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Ancient Greek: ἕρμα (hérma, “heap of stones; reef, rock, cliff, hill; foundation”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*wáršma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wáršma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wáršma"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*wáršma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wáršma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wáršma"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वर्ष्मन्",
"t": "height, top",
"tr": "várṣman"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: वर्ष्मन् (várṣman, “height, top”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: वर्ष्मन् (várṣman, “height, top”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wers-ó-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*wersos",
"t": "high(er)"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *wersos (“high(er)”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *wersos (“high(er)”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ferr",
"t": "better"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: ferr (“better”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: ferr (“better”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*we/ors-u-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "verrūca",
"t": "wart; hillock"
},
"expansion": "Latin: verrūca (“wart; hillock”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: verrūca (“wart; hillock”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wors-ó-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*warzaz",
"t": "callus",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Germanic: *warzaz (“callus”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Germanic: *warzaz (“callus”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wérs-to"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-ana-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Anatolian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Anatolian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"ts": "warštta(ri)"
},
"expansion": "Hittite: [Term?] (/warštta(ri)/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hittite: [Term?] (/warštta(ri)/)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wr̥s-éh₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*warsā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *warsā",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *warsā (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wr̥s-u-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*wíršus"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *wíršus",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *wíršus (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*warš-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *warš-",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *warš- (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wers-",
"pos": "root",
"related": [
{
"word": "wérsēn"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to rise; to raise, lift"
],
"links": [
[
"rise",
"rise"
],
[
"raise",
"raise"
],
[
"lift",
"lift"
]
],
"senseid": [
"ine-pro:rise"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to protrude; to be high (?)"
],
"links": [
[
"protrude",
"protrude"
],
[
"high",
"high"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"peak, height, top"
],
"links": [
[
"peak",
"peak"
],
[
"height",
"height"
],
[
"top",
"top"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"? excrescence of the skin"
],
"links": [
[
"excrescence",
"excrescence"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
],
"word": "wers-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for wers- meaning in All languages combined (12.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-20 using wiktextract (4eaa824 and ea19a0a). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.