See vůl on Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "cs",
"name": "People",
"orig": "cs:People",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ty vole"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "volátko"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "volek"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "voloušek"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "volovina"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "volské oko"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "volský"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "zlw-ocs",
"3": "vól",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
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},
"expansion": "Old Czech vól",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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{
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"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*volъ"
},
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}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Czech vól, from Proto-Slavic *volъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "volský",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relational"
]
},
{
"form": "volek",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "volík",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "animate",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cs-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "vůl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "voli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "volové",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vola",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "volů",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "volovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "volu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "volům",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vola",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "voly",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vole",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "voli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "volové",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "volovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "volu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "volech",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "volem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "voly",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-an",
"adj": "volský",
"dim": "volek",
"dim2": "volík"
},
"expansion": "vůl m anim (relational adjective volský, diminutive volek or volík)",
"name": "cs-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"vůl"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m.an.#.nompli:ové"
},
"name": "cs-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "býk"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 47 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 44 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Czech nouns with quantitative vowel alternation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 0 47",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "cs",
"name": "Cattle",
"orig": "cs:Cattle",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "82 1 17",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "cs",
"name": "Male animals",
"orig": "cs:Male animals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ox (castrated male cattle)"
],
"id": "en-vůl-cs-noun-YXD27Mln",
"links": [
[
"ox",
"ox"
]
],
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 47 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 44 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Czech nouns with quantitative vowel alternation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"idiot (stupid person)"
],
"id": "en-vůl-cs-noun-3k8vknJt",
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"idiot",
"idiot"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal, derogatory) idiot (stupid person)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hlupák"
}
],
"tags": [
"animate",
"derogatory",
"informal",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 47 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 44 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Czech nouns with quantitative vowel alternation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 16 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 9 73",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 0 47",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "cs",
"name": "Cattle",
"orig": "cs:Cattle",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dude (a term of address for a person)"
],
"id": "en-vůl-cs-noun-6rha~-Xd",
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"dude",
"dude"
]
],
"qualifier": "usually considered derogatory",
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal, usually considered derogatory) dude (a term of address for a person)"
],
"tags": [
"animate",
"informal",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈvuːl]"
},
{
"audio": "Cs-vůl.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/ca/Cs-v%C5%AFl.ogg/Cs-v%C5%AFl.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ca/Cs-v%C5%AFl.ogg"
}
],
"word": "vůl"
}
{
"categories": [
"Czech animate nouns",
"Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"Czech hard masculine animate nouns",
"Czech lemmas",
"Czech masculine animate nouns",
"Czech masculine nouns",
"Czech nouns",
"Czech nouns with quantitative vowel alternation",
"Czech terms derived from Old Czech",
"Czech terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Czech terms inherited from Old Czech",
"Czech terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Czech terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"cs:Cattle",
"cs:Male animals",
"cs:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ty vole"
},
{
"word": "volátko"
},
{
"word": "volek"
},
{
"word": "voloušek"
},
{
"word": "volovina"
},
{
"word": "volské oko"
},
{
"word": "volský"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
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{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "zlw-ocs",
"3": "vól",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Czech vól",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "zlw-ocs",
"3": "vól"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Czech vól",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*volъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *volъ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Czech vól, from Proto-Slavic *volъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "volský",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relational"
]
},
{
"form": "volek",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "volík",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "animate",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cs-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "vůl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "voli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "volové",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vola",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "volů",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "volovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "volu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "volům",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vola",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "voly",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vole",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "voli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "volové",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "volovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "volu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "volech",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "volem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "voly",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-an",
"adj": "volský",
"dim": "volek",
"dim2": "volík"
},
"expansion": "vůl m anim (relational adjective volský, diminutive volek or volík)",
"name": "cs-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"vůl"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m.an.#.nompli:ové"
},
"name": "cs-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "býk"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"ox (castrated male cattle)"
],
"links": [
[
"ox",
"ox"
]
],
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Czech derogatory terms",
"Czech informal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"idiot (stupid person)"
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"idiot",
"idiot"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal, derogatory) idiot (stupid person)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hlupák"
}
],
"tags": [
"animate",
"derogatory",
"informal",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Czech derogatory terms",
"Czech informal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"dude (a term of address for a person)"
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"dude",
"dude"
]
],
"qualifier": "usually considered derogatory",
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal, usually considered derogatory) dude (a term of address for a person)"
],
"tags": [
"animate",
"informal",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈvuːl]"
},
{
"audio": "Cs-vůl.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/ca/Cs-v%C5%AFl.ogg/Cs-v%C5%AFl.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ca/Cs-v%C5%AFl.ogg"
}
],
"word": "vůl"
}
Download raw JSONL data for vůl meaning in All languages combined (4.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-01 using wiktextract (85b9f46 and 1b6da77). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.