See ultime avertissement on Wiktionary
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"english": "French conventional forces have two roles: to defend the FRG conventionally alongside the allies if the president makes that determination, but also to conduct the national deterrent maneuver (to test the enemy’s intentions) prior to the use of prestrategic (l’ultime avertissement) weapons.\n(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "1988, David Garnham, The Politics of European Defense Cooperation, pages 53 and 56",
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"ref": "1989, A Rand Note, MMCML-MMCMLVIII, pages page 26:",
"text": "It is clear[…]that the new tactical nuclear arsenal will be considerably more diversified, flexible, survivable, and capable of a larger range of military missions, thus presenting the French President with greater choice in executing his “ultime avertissement.”",
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"ref": "1991, Diego A. Ruiz Palmer, French Strategic Options in the 1990s, page 53:",
"text": "Soviet uncertainty in such circumstances would be contrary to the implied escalation-control intent of the ultime avertissement strike.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1996, Bruce D. Larkin, Nuclear Designs, page 38:",
"text": "The French doctrine of “ultime avertissement” — employing “substrategic” systems as a last warning.",
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"ref": "2007, Laura Neack, Elusive Security, page 107:",
"text": "French policy also included the idea of a “final warning,” or ultime avertissement.",
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"text": "2009, Marco Rimanelli, The A to Z of NATO and Other International Security Organizations, “force de frappe”\nFrance’s nuclear weapons would be a “warning shot” (ultime avertissement) against enemy advances prior to a full-scale nuclear attack on key Soviet cities, in a “worse-case” stratégie du faible au fort (“weak-to-strong strategy”) of mutual assured destruction.",
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"ref": "2011, Venance Journé, “France’s Nuclear Stance”, in Catherine M. Kelleher, Judith Reppy, editors, Getting to Zero:",
"text": "This credible use, consisting in the capacity to strike precisely with weapons of a lower yield, has a concept attached: the ultime avertissement, now also called the avertissement nucléaire.",
"type": "quote"
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"the recourse to the use of limited, sub- or prestrategic, tactical nuclear strikes as part of a nuclear deterrent, constituting a “final warning” and the last measure before strategic nuclear bombardment; also, such a strike"
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"(French nuclear policy) the recourse to the use of limited, sub- or prestrategic, tactical nuclear strikes as part of a nuclear deterrent, constituting a “final warning” and the last measure before strategic nuclear bombardment; also, such a strike"
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"word": "ultime avertissement"
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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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