See turb on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "turf",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Old English: turf f\nMiddle English: turf, turfe, torf, tourfe\nEnglish: turf\nScots: turr, truff\nYola: thrive",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: turf f\nMiddle English: turf, turfe, torf, tourfe\nEnglish: turf\nScots: turr, truff\nYola: thrive"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "turf"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: turf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: turf"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Toarks",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Saterland Frisian: Toarks",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Saterland Frisian: Toarks"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "turf"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: turf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: turf (also possibly from Dutch)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*torf",
"3": "turf",
"g2": "m"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *torf, turf m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *torf, turf m"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "torf",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: torf m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: torf m"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Torf"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: Torf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: Torf"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Torf",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Torf\nPolish: torf\nPortuguese: turfa\nRussian: торф (torf)\n→ Abkhaz: а-то́рф (a-tʼórf)\n→ Armenian: տորֆ (torf)\n→ Azerbaijani: torf\n→ Georgian: ტორფი (ṭorpi)\n→ Ossetian: торф (torf)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Torf\nPolish: torf\nPortuguese: turfa\nRussian: торф (torf)\n→ Abkhaz: а-то́рф (a-tʼórf)\n→ Armenian: տորֆ (torf)\n→ Azerbaijani: torf\n→ Georgian: ტორფი (ṭorpi)\n→ Ossetian: торф (torf)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "torbe",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old French: torbe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old French: torbe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "tourbe"
},
"expansion": "French: tourbe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: tourbe"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "torba",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: torba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: torba"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*torf",
"3": "*turf"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *torf, *turf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *torf, *turf"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "turf",
"3": "torf",
"g2": "m"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: turf, torf m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: turf, torf m"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "turf",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: turf m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: turf m"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "turf"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: turf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: turf"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "zurft",
"g": "f",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Old High German: zurft f",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "doubtful; singularily attested and phonetically irregular"
},
"expansion": "(doubtful; singularily attested and phonetically irregular)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": ">? Old High German: zurft f (doubtful; singularily attested and phonetically irregular)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*turbz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *turbz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *turbz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-cons",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "turb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "turbi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "turbu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "turbi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "turbi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "torbō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "turbi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "turbum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "turbi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "turbum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m",
"g2": "f"
},
"expansion": "*turb m or f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-cons"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/turb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"turf, peat"
],
"id": "en-turb-gmw-pro-noun-FD8TWyFf",
"links": [
[
"turf",
"turf"
],
[
"peat",
"peat"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "turb"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "turf",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Old English: turf f\nMiddle English: turf, turfe, torf, tourfe\nEnglish: turf\nScots: turr, truff\nYola: thrive",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: turf f\nMiddle English: turf, turfe, torf, tourfe\nEnglish: turf\nScots: turr, truff\nYola: thrive"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "turf"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: turf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: turf"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Toarks",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Saterland Frisian: Toarks",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Saterland Frisian: Toarks"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "turf"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: turf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: turf (also possibly from Dutch)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*torf",
"3": "turf",
"g2": "m"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *torf, turf m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *torf, turf m"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "torf",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: torf m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: torf m"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Torf"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: Torf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: Torf"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Torf",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Torf\nPolish: torf\nPortuguese: turfa\nRussian: торф (torf)\n→ Abkhaz: а-то́рф (a-tʼórf)\n→ Armenian: տորֆ (torf)\n→ Azerbaijani: torf\n→ Georgian: ტორფი (ṭorpi)\n→ Ossetian: торф (torf)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Torf\nPolish: torf\nPortuguese: turfa\nRussian: торф (torf)\n→ Abkhaz: а-то́рф (a-tʼórf)\n→ Armenian: տորֆ (torf)\n→ Azerbaijani: torf\n→ Georgian: ტორფი (ṭorpi)\n→ Ossetian: торф (torf)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "torbe",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old French: torbe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old French: torbe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "tourbe"
},
"expansion": "French: tourbe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: tourbe"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "torba",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: torba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: torba"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*torf",
"3": "*turf"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *torf, *turf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *torf, *turf"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "turf",
"3": "torf",
"g2": "m"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: turf, torf m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: turf, torf m"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "turf",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: turf m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: turf m"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "turf"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: turf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: turf"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "zurft",
"g": "f",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Old High German: zurft f",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "doubtful; singularily attested and phonetically irregular"
},
"expansion": "(doubtful; singularily attested and phonetically irregular)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": ">? Old High German: zurft f (doubtful; singularily attested and phonetically irregular)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*turbz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *turbz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *turbz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-cons",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "turb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "turbi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "turbu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "turbi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "turbi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "torbō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "turbi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "turbum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "turbi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "turbum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m",
"g2": "f"
},
"expansion": "*turb m or f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-cons"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/turb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-West Germanic consonant stem nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic feminine nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic nouns with multiple genders",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"gmw-pro:Fossil fuels",
"gmw-pro:Natural materials"
],
"glosses": [
"turf, peat"
],
"links": [
[
"turf",
"turf"
],
[
"peat",
"peat"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "turb"
}
Download raw JSONL data for turb meaning in All languages combined (5.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (d6bf104 and a5af179). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.