"tunian" meaning in All languages combined

See tunian on Wiktionary

Verb [Old Saxon]

Etymology: From Proto-West Germanic *tūnijan. Etymology templates: {{inh|osx|gmw-pro|*tūnijan}} Proto-West Germanic *tūnijan Head templates: {{head|osx|reconstructed verb|head=*tūnian|sort=}} *tūnian, {{osx-verb|head=*tūnian}} *tūnian Inflection templates: {{osx-conj-wk1|tūn|tund|head=tūn}} Forms: tūnian [canonical], weak [table-tags], tūnian [infinitive], tūniu [first-person, present, singular], tunda [first-person, past, singular], tūnis [present, second-person, singular], tundes [past, second-person, singular], tūnid [present, singular, third-person], tunda [past, singular, third-person], tūniad [plural, present], tundun [past, plural], tūnie [first-person, present, singular], tundi [first-person, past, singular], tūnies [present, second-person, singular], tundis [past, second-person, singular], tūnie [present, singular, third-person], tundi [past, singular, third-person], tūnien [plural, present], tundin [past, plural], tūni [present, singular], tūniandi [present], gitūnid [past], tūnid [past]
  1. to make a fence Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-tunian-osx-verb-FvK5f31W Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 50 50 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 50 50
  2. to enclose, by extension to close Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-tunian-osx-verb-M1uc03tt Categories (other): Old Saxon entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Old Saxon entries with incorrect language header: 35 65 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 50 50 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 50 50
     
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "tûnen",
            "3": "tü̂nen",
            "4": "tunen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: tûnen, tü̂nen, tunen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: tûnen, tü̂nen, tunen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*tūnijan"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *tūnijan",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *tūnijan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "tūnian",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "osx-conj-wk1",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "1",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tūnian",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tūniu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tunda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tūnis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tundes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tūnid",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tunda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tūniad",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tundun",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tūnie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tundi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tūnies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tundis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tūnie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tundi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tūnien",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tundin",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tūni",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tūniandi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gitūnid",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tūnid",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "reconstructed verb",
        "head": "*tūnian",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "*tūnian",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "head": "*tūnian"
      },
      "expansion": "*tūnian",
      "name": "osx-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tūn",
        "2": "tund",
        "head": "tūn"
      },
      "name": "osx-conj-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Saxon",
  "lang_code": "osx",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Old Saxon/tunian",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to make a fence"
      ],
      "id": "en-tunian-osx-verb-FvK5f31W",
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "35 65",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Saxon entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to enclose, by extension to close"
      ],
      "id": "en-tunian-osx-verb-M1uc03tt",
      "links": [
        [
          "enclose",
          "enclose"
        ],
        [
          "close",
          "close"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "tunian"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Old Saxon class 1 weak verbs",
    "Old Saxon entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old Saxon lemmas",
    "Old Saxon reconstructed verbs",
    "Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Old Saxon terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "tûnen",
            "3": "tü̂nen",
            "4": "tunen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: tûnen, tü̂nen, tunen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: tûnen, tü̂nen, tunen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*tūnijan"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *tūnijan",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *tūnijan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "tūnian",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "osx-conj-wk1",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "1",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tūnian",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tūniu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tunda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tūnis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tundes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tūnid",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tunda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tūniad",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tundun",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tūnie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tundi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tūnies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tundis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tūnie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tundi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tūnien",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tundin",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tūni",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tūniandi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gitūnid",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tūnid",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "reconstructed verb",
        "head": "*tūnian",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "*tūnian",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "head": "*tūnian"
      },
      "expansion": "*tūnian",
      "name": "osx-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tūn",
        "2": "tund",
        "head": "tūn"
      },
      "name": "osx-conj-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Saxon",
  "lang_code": "osx",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Old Saxon/tunian",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to make a fence"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to enclose, by extension to close"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "enclose",
          "enclose"
        ],
        [
          "close",
          "close"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "tunian"
}

Download raw JSONL data for tunian meaning in All languages combined (3.4kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-19 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-01 using wiktextract (c3cc510 and 1d3fdbf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.