"truls" meaning in All languages combined

See truls on Wiktionary

Adjective [Latvian]

Etymology: From the same stem as the verb trunēt (“to decay, to rot”) (q.v.): Proto-Indo-European *trew-, *tru- with a suffix lo (> la in Proto-Baltic). Etymology templates: {{m|lv|trunēt||to decay, to rot}} trunēt (“to decay, to rot”), {{uder|lv|ine-pro|*trew-}} Proto-Indo-European *trew-, {{m|ine-pro|*tru-}} *tru-, {{uder|lv|bat-pro|-}} Proto-Baltic Head templates: {{head|lv|adjective|||definite|trulais|comparative|trulāks|superlative|vistrulākais|adverb|truli|cat2=|cat3=}} truls (definite trulais, comparative trulāks, superlative vistrulākais, adverb truli), {{lv-adj|trul}} truls (definite trulais, comparative trulāks, superlative vistrulākais, adverb truli) Inflection templates: {{lv-decl-adj|trul|extrawidth=-100}} Forms: trulais [definite], trulāks [comparative], vistrulākais [superlative], truli [adverb], no-table-tags [table-tags], truls [indefinite, masculine, nominative, singular], truli [indefinite, masculine, nominative, plural], trula [feminine, indefinite, nominative, singular], trulas [feminine, indefinite, nominative, plural], trulu [accusative, indefinite, masculine, singular], trulus [accusative, indefinite, masculine, plural], trulu [accusative, feminine, indefinite, singular], trulas [accusative, feminine, indefinite, plural], trula [genitive, indefinite, masculine, singular], trulu [genitive, indefinite, masculine, plural], trulas [feminine, genitive, indefinite, singular], trulu [feminine, genitive, indefinite, plural], trulam [dative, indefinite, masculine, singular], truliem [dative, indefinite, masculine, plural], trulai [dative, feminine, indefinite, singular], trulām [dative, feminine, indefinite, plural], trulu [indefinite, instrumental, masculine, singular], truliem [indefinite, instrumental, masculine, plural], trulu [feminine, indefinite, instrumental, singular], trulām [feminine, indefinite, instrumental, plural], trulā [indefinite, locative, masculine, singular], trulos [indefinite, locative, masculine, plural], trulā [feminine, indefinite, locative, singular], trulās [feminine, indefinite, locative, plural], - [indefinite, masculine, singular, vocative], - [indefinite, masculine, plural, vocative], - [feminine, indefinite, singular, vocative], - [feminine, indefinite, plural, vocative]
  1. (of cutting objects) blunt, dull
    Sense id: en-truls-lv-adj-U86PrHpy
  2. (of sounds) hollow
    Sense id: en-truls-lv-adj-shsXtOzG Categories (other): Latvian entries with incorrect language header, Latvian etymologies from LEV, Latvian undefined derivations Disambiguation of Latvian entries with incorrect language header: 6 12 14 30 10 28 Disambiguation of Latvian etymologies from LEV: 5 18 21 22 16 18 Disambiguation of Latvian undefined derivations: 4 22 23 18 16 18
  3. (of pain, sensations, bad experiences, etc.) dull, blunt (relatively strong but not concentrated, usually for a relatively long time) Tags: usually
    Sense id: en-truls-lv-adj-AHnXFEMH Categories (other): Latvian entries with incorrect language header, Latvian etymologies from LEV, Latvian undefined derivations Disambiguation of Latvian entries with incorrect language header: 6 12 14 30 10 28 Disambiguation of Latvian etymologies from LEV: 5 18 21 22 16 18 Disambiguation of Latvian undefined derivations: 4 22 23 18 16 18
  4. (of thinking, feelings) dull, blunt, dumb (not well developed, spiritually depressed, weakened, incapable of being felt deeply, diversely; narrow-minded, indifferent, insensitive; something which expresses these characteristics)
    Sense id: en-truls-lv-adj-P2hPQECc Categories (other): Latvian entries with incorrect language header, Latvian etymologies from LEV, Latvian undefined derivations Disambiguation of Latvian entries with incorrect language header: 6 12 14 30 10 28 Disambiguation of Latvian etymologies from LEV: 5 18 21 22 16 18 Disambiguation of Latvian undefined derivations: 4 22 23 18 16 18
  5. (of character features, mental conditions) dull (lacking variety, depth, with weak capacity for perception and reaction; depressed)
    Sense id: en-truls-lv-adj-6nkunQVs Categories (other): Latvian entries with incorrect language header, Latvian etymologies from LEV, Latvian undefined derivations Disambiguation of Latvian entries with incorrect language header: 6 12 14 30 10 28 Disambiguation of Latvian etymologies from LEV: 5 18 21 22 16 18 Disambiguation of Latvian undefined derivations: 4 22 23 18 16 18
  6. (of actions, activities) dull, monotonous, repetitive
    Sense id: en-truls-lv-adj-0SYgS4Qg Categories (other): Latvian entries with incorrect language header, Latvian etymologies from LEV, Latvian undefined derivations Disambiguation of Latvian entries with incorrect language header: 6 12 14 30 10 28 Disambiguation of Latvian etymologies from LEV: 5 18 21 22 16 18 Disambiguation of Latvian undefined derivations: 4 22 23 18 16 18
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: truļš [dialectal] Synonyms (of cutting objects): neass Synonyms (of sounds): dobjš, smags Derived forms: trulums
Disambiguation of 'of cutting objects': 23 28 25 14 11 0 Disambiguation of 'of sounds': 23 28 25 14 11 0

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for truls meaning in All languages combined (13.8kB)

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "antonym(s) of \"of cutting objects\"",
      "word": "ass"
    },
    {
      "sense": "antonym(s) of \"of cutting objects\"",
      "word": "skaudrs"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "trulums"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "trunēt",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to decay, to rot"
      },
      "expansion": "trunēt (“to decay, to rot”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*trew-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *trew-",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*tru-"
      },
      "expansion": "*tru-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "bat-pro",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Baltic",
      "name": "uder"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From the same stem as the verb trunēt (“to decay, to rot”) (q.v.): Proto-Indo-European *trew-, *tru- with a suffix lo (> la in Proto-Baltic).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "trulais",
      "tags": [
        "definite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trulāks",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vistrulākais",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "truli",
      "tags": [
        "adverb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lv-decl-adj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "truls",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "truli",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trula",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trulas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trulu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trulus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trulu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trulas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trula",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trulu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trulas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trulu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trulam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "truliem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trulai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trulām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trulu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "truliem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trulu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trulām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trulā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "locative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trulos",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "locative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trulā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trulās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "10": "vistrulākais",
        "11": "adverb",
        "12": "truli",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "definite",
        "6": "trulais",
        "7": "comparative",
        "8": "trulāks",
        "9": "superlative",
        "cat2": "",
        "cat3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "truls (definite trulais, comparative trulāks, superlative vistrulākais, adverb truli)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "trul"
      },
      "expansion": "truls (definite trulais, comparative trulāks, superlative vistrulākais, adverb truli)",
      "name": "lv-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "trul",
        "extrawidth": "-100"
      },
      "name": "lv-decl-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latvian",
  "lang_code": "lv",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "dull knife, ax",
          "text": "truls nazis, cirvis",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "blunt awl, pencil",
          "text": "truls īlens, zīmulis",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "blunt needle",
          "text": "trula adata",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "truls lemesis ― dull colter, plowshare",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "dull blade",
          "text": "truls asmens",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "it is easier to sharpen a dull knife if one keeps its blade in salt water for half an hour",
          "text": "trulu nazi vieglāk uzasināt, ja tā asmeni pusstundu patur vāja sālsūdenī",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "blunt, dull"
      ],
      "id": "en-truls-lv-adj-U86PrHpy",
      "links": [
        [
          "cutting",
          "cutting"
        ],
        [
          "object",
          "object"
        ],
        [
          "blunt",
          "blunt"
        ],
        [
          "dull",
          "dull"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of cutting objects) blunt, dull"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of cutting objects"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "6 12 14 30 10 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 18 21 22 16 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 22 23 18 16 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian undefined derivations",
          "parents": [
            "Undefined derivations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "we live on a background of music and hollow sounds",
          "text": "uz mūzikas un trulu trokšņu fona mēs dzīvojam",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hollow"
      ],
      "id": "en-truls-lv-adj-shsXtOzG",
      "links": [
        [
          "sound",
          "sound"
        ],
        [
          "hollow",
          "hollow"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of sounds) hollow"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of sounds"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "6 12 14 30 10 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 18 21 22 16 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 22 23 18 16 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian undefined derivations",
          "parents": [
            "Undefined derivations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Oļģerts aizvēra plakstus; viņš manīja trulu spiedienu acu ābolos ― Oļģerts closed (his) eyelids; he noticed a blunt pressure on (his) eyeballs",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "in the chest, on the left side below the clavicle, a dull pain was pulsating, as if some foreign object were stuck there",
          "text": "krūtīs, kreisajā pusē zem atslēgas kaula, pulsēja trula sāpe, it kā tur būtu iestrēdzis kāds svešķermenis",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "Ģirts sen vairs nebija pamatskolas knēvelis un uz visu raudzījās citādām acīm; tomēr trula sāpe un pārestības sajūta nenorima ― Ģirts had not been the school's brat for a long time and looked at everything with other eyes; but the dull pain and sense of grievance were not appeased",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "dull, blunt (relatively strong but not concentrated, usually for a relatively long time)"
      ],
      "id": "en-truls-lv-adj-AHnXFEMH",
      "links": [
        [
          "pain",
          "pain"
        ],
        [
          "sensation",
          "sensation"
        ],
        [
          "bad",
          "bad"
        ],
        [
          "experience",
          "experience"
        ],
        [
          "dull",
          "dull"
        ],
        [
          "blunt",
          "blunt"
        ],
        [
          "relative",
          "relative#English"
        ],
        [
          "strong",
          "strong#English"
        ],
        [
          "concentrate",
          "concentrate#English"
        ],
        [
          "usually",
          "usually#English"
        ],
        [
          "long",
          "long#English"
        ],
        [
          "time",
          "time#English"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "sensations; bad experiences; sensations; bad experiences",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of pain, sensations, bad experiences, etc.) dull, blunt (relatively strong but not concentrated, usually for a relatively long time)"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of pain"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "usually"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "6 12 14 30 10 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 18 21 22 16 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 22 23 18 16 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian undefined derivations",
          "parents": [
            "Undefined derivations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "dull, uneducated people, who cannot understand the goals and duties of their group and society",
          "text": "truli, neizglītoti cilvēki, kas nespēj izprast sava kolektīva un visas sabiedrības mērķus un uzdevumus",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "the sleepless nights had made me dull, dumb; I had only one desire: that mother would heal faster.",
          "text": "bezmiega naktis padarījušas mani trulu; man tikai viena vienīga vēlēšanās: kaut māmuļa ātrāk izveseļotos",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "the man was indifferent, with dull facial features",
          "text": "vīrietis bija vienaldzīgiem, truliem sejas pantiem",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "dull, blunt, dumb (not well developed, spiritually depressed, weakened, incapable of being felt deeply, diversely; narrow-minded, indifferent, insensitive; something which expresses these characteristics)"
      ],
      "id": "en-truls-lv-adj-P2hPQECc",
      "links": [
        [
          "thinking",
          "thinking"
        ],
        [
          "feeling",
          "feeling"
        ],
        [
          "dull",
          "dull"
        ],
        [
          "blunt",
          "blunt"
        ],
        [
          "dumb",
          "dumb"
        ],
        [
          "develop",
          "develop#English"
        ],
        [
          "spiritual",
          "spiritual#English"
        ],
        [
          "depressed",
          "depressed#English"
        ],
        [
          "weaken",
          "weaken#English"
        ],
        [
          "incapable",
          "incapable#English"
        ],
        [
          "being",
          "being#English"
        ],
        [
          "felt",
          "felt#English"
        ],
        [
          "deep",
          "deep#English"
        ],
        [
          "diverse",
          "diverse#English"
        ],
        [
          "narrow-minded",
          "narrow-minded#English"
        ],
        [
          "indifferent",
          "indifferent#English"
        ],
        [
          "insensitive",
          "insensitive#English"
        ],
        [
          "express",
          "express#English"
        ],
        [
          "characteristics",
          "characteristics#English"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "feelings",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of thinking, feelings) dull, blunt, dumb (not well developed, spiritually depressed, weakened, incapable of being felt deeply, diversely; narrow-minded, indifferent, insensitive; something which expresses these characteristics)"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of thinking"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "6 12 14 30 10 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 18 21 22 16 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 22 23 18 16 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian undefined derivations",
          "parents": [
            "Undefined derivations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "dull indifference, patience",
          "text": "trula vienaldzība, pacietība",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "dull thinking",
          "text": "trula domāšana",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "in the editorial office they didn't give her important work, and Meta accepted that with dull calm, resignation; in her there was no thought of tomorrow",
          "text": "redakcijā viņai neuzdeva nozīmīgu darbu, un Meta uzņēma to ar trulu mieru; viņā vairs nebija domu par rītdienu",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "dull (lacking variety, depth, with weak capacity for perception and reaction; depressed)"
      ],
      "id": "en-truls-lv-adj-6nkunQVs",
      "links": [
        [
          "character",
          "character"
        ],
        [
          "feature",
          "feature"
        ],
        [
          "mental",
          "mental"
        ],
        [
          "condition",
          "condition"
        ],
        [
          "dull",
          "dull"
        ],
        [
          "lack",
          "lack#English"
        ],
        [
          "variety",
          "variety#English"
        ],
        [
          "depth",
          "depth#English"
        ],
        [
          "weak",
          "weak#English"
        ],
        [
          "capacity",
          "capacity#English"
        ],
        [
          "perception",
          "perception#English"
        ],
        [
          "reaction",
          "reaction#English"
        ],
        [
          "depressed",
          "depressed#English"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "mental conditions",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of character features, mental conditions) dull (lacking variety, depth, with weak capacity for perception and reaction; depressed)"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of character features"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "6 12 14 30 10 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 18 21 22 16 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 22 23 18 16 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian undefined derivations",
          "parents": [
            "Undefined derivations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "all the fishermen (were) immersed in a depressing, dull rhythm, dictated by catching, knife-cutting, and rolling fish heads",
          "text": "visi zvejnieki iegrimuši nomācošā, trulā ritmā, ko diktēja tvēriens, naža grieziens un ripojašas zivju galvas",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "dull, monotonous, repetitive"
      ],
      "id": "en-truls-lv-adj-0SYgS4Qg",
      "links": [
        [
          "action",
          "action"
        ],
        [
          "activities",
          "activity"
        ],
        [
          "dull",
          "dull"
        ],
        [
          "monotonous",
          "monotonous"
        ],
        [
          "repetitive",
          "repetitive"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "activities",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of actions, activities) dull, monotonous, repetitive"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of actions"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "23 28 25 14 11 0",
      "sense": "of cutting objects",
      "word": "neass"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "23 28 25 14 11 0",
      "sense": "of sounds",
      "word": "dobjš"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "23 28 25 14 11 0",
      "sense": "of sounds",
      "word": "smags"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "dialectal"
      ],
      "word": "truļš"
    }
  ],
  "word": "truls"
}
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "antonym(s) of \"of cutting objects\"",
      "word": "ass"
    },
    {
      "sense": "antonym(s) of \"of cutting objects\"",
      "word": "skaudrs"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    "Latvian adjectives",
    "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
    "Latvian lemmas",
    "Latvian terms derived from Proto-Baltic",
    "Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latvian undefined derivations",
    "Requests for audio pronunciation in Latvian entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "trulums"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "trunēt",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to decay, to rot"
      },
      "expansion": "trunēt (“to decay, to rot”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*trew-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *trew-",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*tru-"
      },
      "expansion": "*tru-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "bat-pro",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Baltic",
      "name": "uder"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From the same stem as the verb trunēt (“to decay, to rot”) (q.v.): Proto-Indo-European *trew-, *tru- with a suffix lo (> la in Proto-Baltic).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "trulais",
      "tags": [
        "definite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trulāks",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vistrulākais",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "truli",
      "tags": [
        "adverb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lv-decl-adj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "truls",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "truli",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trula",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trulas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trulu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trulus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trulu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trulas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trula",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trulu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trulas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trulu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trulam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "truliem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trulai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trulām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trulu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "truliem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trulu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trulām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trulā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "locative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trulos",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "locative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trulā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trulās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "10": "vistrulākais",
        "11": "adverb",
        "12": "truli",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "definite",
        "6": "trulais",
        "7": "comparative",
        "8": "trulāks",
        "9": "superlative",
        "cat2": "",
        "cat3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "truls (definite trulais, comparative trulāks, superlative vistrulākais, adverb truli)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "trul"
      },
      "expansion": "truls (definite trulais, comparative trulāks, superlative vistrulākais, adverb truli)",
      "name": "lv-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "trul",
        "extrawidth": "-100"
      },
      "name": "lv-decl-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latvian",
  "lang_code": "lv",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "dull knife, ax",
          "text": "truls nazis, cirvis",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "blunt awl, pencil",
          "text": "truls īlens, zīmulis",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "blunt needle",
          "text": "trula adata",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "truls lemesis ― dull colter, plowshare",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "dull blade",
          "text": "truls asmens",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "it is easier to sharpen a dull knife if one keeps its blade in salt water for half an hour",
          "text": "trulu nazi vieglāk uzasināt, ja tā asmeni pusstundu patur vāja sālsūdenī",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "blunt, dull"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cutting",
          "cutting"
        ],
        [
          "object",
          "object"
        ],
        [
          "blunt",
          "blunt"
        ],
        [
          "dull",
          "dull"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of cutting objects) blunt, dull"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of cutting objects"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "we live on a background of music and hollow sounds",
          "text": "uz mūzikas un trulu trokšņu fona mēs dzīvojam",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hollow"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sound",
          "sound"
        ],
        [
          "hollow",
          "hollow"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of sounds) hollow"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of sounds"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Oļģerts aizvēra plakstus; viņš manīja trulu spiedienu acu ābolos ― Oļģerts closed (his) eyelids; he noticed a blunt pressure on (his) eyeballs",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "in the chest, on the left side below the clavicle, a dull pain was pulsating, as if some foreign object were stuck there",
          "text": "krūtīs, kreisajā pusē zem atslēgas kaula, pulsēja trula sāpe, it kā tur būtu iestrēdzis kāds svešķermenis",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "Ģirts sen vairs nebija pamatskolas knēvelis un uz visu raudzījās citādām acīm; tomēr trula sāpe un pārestības sajūta nenorima ― Ģirts had not been the school's brat for a long time and looked at everything with other eyes; but the dull pain and sense of grievance were not appeased",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "dull, blunt (relatively strong but not concentrated, usually for a relatively long time)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pain",
          "pain"
        ],
        [
          "sensation",
          "sensation"
        ],
        [
          "bad",
          "bad"
        ],
        [
          "experience",
          "experience"
        ],
        [
          "dull",
          "dull"
        ],
        [
          "blunt",
          "blunt"
        ],
        [
          "relative",
          "relative#English"
        ],
        [
          "strong",
          "strong#English"
        ],
        [
          "concentrate",
          "concentrate#English"
        ],
        [
          "usually",
          "usually#English"
        ],
        [
          "long",
          "long#English"
        ],
        [
          "time",
          "time#English"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "sensations; bad experiences; sensations; bad experiences",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of pain, sensations, bad experiences, etc.) dull, blunt (relatively strong but not concentrated, usually for a relatively long time)"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of pain"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "usually"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "dull, uneducated people, who cannot understand the goals and duties of their group and society",
          "text": "truli, neizglītoti cilvēki, kas nespēj izprast sava kolektīva un visas sabiedrības mērķus un uzdevumus",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "the sleepless nights had made me dull, dumb; I had only one desire: that mother would heal faster.",
          "text": "bezmiega naktis padarījušas mani trulu; man tikai viena vienīga vēlēšanās: kaut māmuļa ātrāk izveseļotos",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "the man was indifferent, with dull facial features",
          "text": "vīrietis bija vienaldzīgiem, truliem sejas pantiem",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "dull, blunt, dumb (not well developed, spiritually depressed, weakened, incapable of being felt deeply, diversely; narrow-minded, indifferent, insensitive; something which expresses these characteristics)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "thinking",
          "thinking"
        ],
        [
          "feeling",
          "feeling"
        ],
        [
          "dull",
          "dull"
        ],
        [
          "blunt",
          "blunt"
        ],
        [
          "dumb",
          "dumb"
        ],
        [
          "develop",
          "develop#English"
        ],
        [
          "spiritual",
          "spiritual#English"
        ],
        [
          "depressed",
          "depressed#English"
        ],
        [
          "weaken",
          "weaken#English"
        ],
        [
          "incapable",
          "incapable#English"
        ],
        [
          "being",
          "being#English"
        ],
        [
          "felt",
          "felt#English"
        ],
        [
          "deep",
          "deep#English"
        ],
        [
          "diverse",
          "diverse#English"
        ],
        [
          "narrow-minded",
          "narrow-minded#English"
        ],
        [
          "indifferent",
          "indifferent#English"
        ],
        [
          "insensitive",
          "insensitive#English"
        ],
        [
          "express",
          "express#English"
        ],
        [
          "characteristics",
          "characteristics#English"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "feelings",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of thinking, feelings) dull, blunt, dumb (not well developed, spiritually depressed, weakened, incapable of being felt deeply, diversely; narrow-minded, indifferent, insensitive; something which expresses these characteristics)"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of thinking"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "dull indifference, patience",
          "text": "trula vienaldzība, pacietība",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "dull thinking",
          "text": "trula domāšana",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "in the editorial office they didn't give her important work, and Meta accepted that with dull calm, resignation; in her there was no thought of tomorrow",
          "text": "redakcijā viņai neuzdeva nozīmīgu darbu, un Meta uzņēma to ar trulu mieru; viņā vairs nebija domu par rītdienu",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "dull (lacking variety, depth, with weak capacity for perception and reaction; depressed)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "character",
          "character"
        ],
        [
          "feature",
          "feature"
        ],
        [
          "mental",
          "mental"
        ],
        [
          "condition",
          "condition"
        ],
        [
          "dull",
          "dull"
        ],
        [
          "lack",
          "lack#English"
        ],
        [
          "variety",
          "variety#English"
        ],
        [
          "depth",
          "depth#English"
        ],
        [
          "weak",
          "weak#English"
        ],
        [
          "capacity",
          "capacity#English"
        ],
        [
          "perception",
          "perception#English"
        ],
        [
          "reaction",
          "reaction#English"
        ],
        [
          "depressed",
          "depressed#English"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "mental conditions",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of character features, mental conditions) dull (lacking variety, depth, with weak capacity for perception and reaction; depressed)"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of character features"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "all the fishermen (were) immersed in a depressing, dull rhythm, dictated by catching, knife-cutting, and rolling fish heads",
          "text": "visi zvejnieki iegrimuši nomācošā, trulā ritmā, ko diktēja tvēriens, naža grieziens un ripojašas zivju galvas",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "dull, monotonous, repetitive"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "action",
          "action"
        ],
        [
          "activities",
          "activity"
        ],
        [
          "dull",
          "dull"
        ],
        [
          "monotonous",
          "monotonous"
        ],
        [
          "repetitive",
          "repetitive"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "activities",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of actions, activities) dull, monotonous, repetitive"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of actions"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "of cutting objects",
      "word": "neass"
    },
    {
      "sense": "of sounds",
      "word": "dobjš"
    },
    {
      "sense": "of sounds",
      "word": "smags"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "dialectal"
      ],
      "word": "truļš"
    }
  ],
  "word": "truls"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.