See treow on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "oak tree",
"word": "actrēow"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "apple tree",
"word": "æppeltrēow"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "beech tree",
"word": "bōctrēow"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "box tree",
"word": "boxtrēow"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "cedar tree",
"word": "ċedertrēow"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "olive tree",
"word": "eletrēow"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "fig tree",
"word": "fīctrēow"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "black aspen",
"word": "fūletrēow"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "laurel tree",
"word": "laurtrēow"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "peach tree",
"word": "persoctrēow"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "palm tree",
"word": "palmtrēow"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "pine tree",
"word": "pīntrēow"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "plum tree",
"word": "plumtrēow"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "service tree",
"word": "syrftrēow"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "kind of tree",
"word": "trēowcynn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "thicket of trees",
"word": "trēowġewrid"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "tree fruit",
"word": "trēowwæstm"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "worship of trees",
"word": "trēowweorþung"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "carpenter",
"word": "trēowwyrhta"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "caterpillar",
"word": "trēowwyrm"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "wooden",
"word": "triewen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "myrtle tree",
"word": "wīrtrēow"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "tre"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: tre, tree, treo, trew, trewe, treou, trow, trowe\nEnglish: tree\nScots: tree\nYola: tren (plural)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: tre, tree, treo, trew, trewe, treou, trow, trowe\nEnglish: tree\nScots: tree\nYola: tren (plural)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*treu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *treu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*trewą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *trewą",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "trē"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian trē",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "trio"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon trio",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "tré"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse tré",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌿"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌿 (triu)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *treu, from Proto-Germanic *trewą. Germanic cognates include Old Frisian trē, Old Saxon trio, Old Norse tré, Gothic 𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌿 (triu).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "trēow",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-a-n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "trēow",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trēowu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trēow",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trēowu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trēowes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trēowa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trēowe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trēowum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "trēow",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "trēow n",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"head": "trēow"
},
"expansion": "trēow n",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trēow",
"short": "1"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-a-n"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "trēow",
"2": "trēowu",
"3": "trēow",
"4": "trēowu",
"5": "trēowes",
"6": "trēowa",
"7": "trēowe",
"8": "trēowum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong a-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "ang",
"name": "Trees",
"orig": "ang:Trees",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Then he ran in front and climbed (lit. ascended) up on a tree. From sycamores that he saw him. For which he would go from there.",
"roman": "Þā arn hē beforan and stāh ūp on ān trēow. Sicomorum þ hē hine ġesāwe. forþām þe hē wolde þanon faran...",
"text": "\"Gospel of Saint Luke\", chapter 19, verse 4",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tree"
],
"id": "en-treow-ang-noun-3Jxe24st",
"links": [
[
"tree",
"tree"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "85 0 15 0 0",
"sense": "tree",
"word": "bēam"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "ang",
"name": "Woods",
"orig": "ang:Woods",
"parents": [
"Natural materials",
"Trees",
"Materials",
"Nature",
"Plants",
"Manufacturing",
"All topics",
"Lifeforms",
"Human activity",
"Fundamental",
"Life",
"Human behaviour",
"Human"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wood"
],
"id": "en-treow-ang-noun-mfeFXreJ",
"links": [
[
"wood",
"wood"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "ang",
"name": "Forests",
"orig": "ang:Forests",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "19 1 26 2 16 12 12 11",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "ang",
"name": "Trees",
"orig": "ang:Trees",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"trees, a forest"
],
"id": "en-treow-ang-noun-GfzXo4rA",
"links": [
[
"forest",
"forest"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(collective) trees, a forest"
],
"tags": [
"collective"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "And they had learned more tricks through which they could ensnare the elephants; they took stakes and drove into the other end many sharp iron nails, and wrapped them in flax, and set them on fire, and then thrust them into the elephant from behind...",
"text": "late 9th century, translation of Orosius’ History Against the Pagans\n⁊ hæfdon ġeleornad mā cræfta hū hīe þā elpendas beswīcan mehton, mid þǣm þæt hīe nāmon trēowu, ⁊ slōgon on oþerne ende moniġe sċearpe īsene næġlas, ⁊ hīe mid flexe bewundon, ⁊ onbǣrndon hit, ⁊ beþyddan hit þonne on þone elpend hindan...",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a piece of wood: beam, log, stake, staff, cudgel"
],
"id": "en-treow-ang-noun-ygqET6Iy",
"links": [
[
"wood",
"wood"
],
[
"beam",
"beam"
],
[
"log",
"log"
],
[
"stake",
"stake"
],
[
"staff",
"staff"
],
[
"cudgel",
"cudgel"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 2 8 9 15 24 12 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 9 8 21 12 24 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 6 4 24 22 22 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"gallows; cross"
],
"id": "en-treow-ang-noun-cfQp5i4m",
"links": [
[
"gallows",
"gallows"
],
[
"cross",
"cross"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 2 2 96",
"sense": "gallows",
"word": "ġealga"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 2 2 96",
"sense": "gallows",
"word": "rōd"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tre͜oːw/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "trēo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "trīo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "trīow"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "trȳw"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "trēu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "trēw"
}
],
"word": "treow"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "truce"
},
"expansion": "English: truce",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: truce"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*treuwu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *treuwu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*trewwō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *trewwō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "trouwe"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch trouwe",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "trouw"
},
"expansion": "Dutch trouw",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "treuwa"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon treuwa",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "triuwa"
},
"expansion": "Old High German triuwa",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Treue"
},
"expansion": "German Treue",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *treuwu, from Proto-Germanic *trewwō.\nCognate with Middle Dutch trouwe (Dutch trouw), Old Saxon treuwa, Old High German triuwa (German Treue).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "trēow",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-o-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "trēow",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trēowa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trēowe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trēowe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trēowa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trēowe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trēowe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trēowa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trēowe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trēowum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "trēow",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "trēow f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"head": "trēow"
},
"expansion": "trēow f",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trēow"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-o-f"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "trēow",
"2": "trēowa,trēowe",
"3": "trēowe",
"4": "trēowa,trēowe",
"5": "trēowe",
"6": "trēowa",
"7": "trēowe",
"8": "trēowum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong ō-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "trēowþ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "untrēow"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "untrēowþ"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 2 8 9 15 24 12 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 9 8 21 12 24 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 6 4 24 22 22 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"loyalty, faithfulness"
],
"id": "en-treow-ang-noun-WPITKnPB",
"links": [
[
"loyalty",
"loyalty"
],
[
"faithfulness",
"faithfulness"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 2 8 9 15 24 12 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 9 8 21 12 24 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 6 4 24 22 22 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"grace, favour, help"
],
"id": "en-treow-ang-noun-p2tW1XGK",
"links": [
[
"grace",
"grace"
],
[
"favour",
"favour"
],
[
"help",
"help"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 2 8 9 15 24 12 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 9 8 21 12 24 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 6 4 24 22 22 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "If it is by faith that they find Thee who do find Thee, give me that faith.",
"text": "late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Saint Augustine's Soliloquies\nĠef ðē þurh trēowa findon þā ðe þē findon, sile mē þā trēowa.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an assurance of faith; word, promise, engagement, covenant, league"
],
"id": "en-treow-ang-noun-SyhIpjRJ",
"links": [
[
"faith",
"faith"
],
[
"word",
"word"
],
[
"promise",
"promise"
],
[
"engagement",
"engagement"
],
[
"covenant",
"covenant"
],
[
"league",
"league"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tre͜oːw/"
}
],
"word": "treow"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English feminine nouns",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English neuter a-stem nouns",
"Old English neuter nouns",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English ō-stem nouns",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"ang:Trees"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "oak tree",
"word": "actrēow"
},
{
"english": "apple tree",
"word": "æppeltrēow"
},
{
"english": "beech tree",
"word": "bōctrēow"
},
{
"english": "box tree",
"word": "boxtrēow"
},
{
"english": "cedar tree",
"word": "ċedertrēow"
},
{
"english": "olive tree",
"word": "eletrēow"
},
{
"english": "fig tree",
"word": "fīctrēow"
},
{
"english": "black aspen",
"word": "fūletrēow"
},
{
"english": "laurel tree",
"word": "laurtrēow"
},
{
"english": "peach tree",
"word": "persoctrēow"
},
{
"english": "palm tree",
"word": "palmtrēow"
},
{
"english": "pine tree",
"word": "pīntrēow"
},
{
"english": "plum tree",
"word": "plumtrēow"
},
{
"english": "service tree",
"word": "syrftrēow"
},
{
"english": "kind of tree",
"word": "trēowcynn"
},
{
"english": "thicket of trees",
"word": "trēowġewrid"
},
{
"english": "tree fruit",
"word": "trēowwæstm"
},
{
"english": "worship of trees",
"word": "trēowweorþung"
},
{
"english": "carpenter",
"word": "trēowwyrhta"
},
{
"english": "caterpillar",
"word": "trēowwyrm"
},
{
"english": "wooden",
"word": "triewen"
},
{
"english": "myrtle tree",
"word": "wīrtrēow"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "tre"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: tre, tree, treo, trew, trewe, treou, trow, trowe\nEnglish: tree\nScots: tree\nYola: tren (plural)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: tre, tree, treo, trew, trewe, treou, trow, trowe\nEnglish: tree\nScots: tree\nYola: tren (plural)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*treu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *treu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*trewą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *trewą",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "trē"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian trē",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "trio"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon trio",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "tré"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse tré",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌿"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌿 (triu)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *treu, from Proto-Germanic *trewą. Germanic cognates include Old Frisian trē, Old Saxon trio, Old Norse tré, Gothic 𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌿 (triu).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "trēow",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-a-n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "trēow",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trēowu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trēow",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trēowu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trēowes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trēowa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trēowe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trēowum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "trēow",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "trēow n",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"head": "trēow"
},
"expansion": "trēow n",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trēow",
"short": "1"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-a-n"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "trēow",
"2": "trēowu",
"3": "trēow",
"4": "trēowu",
"5": "trēowes",
"6": "trēowa",
"7": "trēowe",
"8": "trēowum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong a-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with quotations",
"ang:Trees"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Then he ran in front and climbed (lit. ascended) up on a tree. From sycamores that he saw him. For which he would go from there.",
"roman": "Þā arn hē beforan and stāh ūp on ān trēow. Sicomorum þ hē hine ġesāwe. forþām þe hē wolde þanon faran...",
"text": "\"Gospel of Saint Luke\", chapter 19, verse 4",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tree"
],
"links": [
[
"tree",
"tree"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"ang:Woods"
],
"glosses": [
"wood"
],
"links": [
[
"wood",
"wood"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"ang:Forests"
],
"glosses": [
"trees, a forest"
],
"links": [
[
"forest",
"forest"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(collective) trees, a forest"
],
"tags": [
"collective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "And they had learned more tricks through which they could ensnare the elephants; they took stakes and drove into the other end many sharp iron nails, and wrapped them in flax, and set them on fire, and then thrust them into the elephant from behind...",
"text": "late 9th century, translation of Orosius’ History Against the Pagans\n⁊ hæfdon ġeleornad mā cræfta hū hīe þā elpendas beswīcan mehton, mid þǣm þæt hīe nāmon trēowu, ⁊ slōgon on oþerne ende moniġe sċearpe īsene næġlas, ⁊ hīe mid flexe bewundon, ⁊ onbǣrndon hit, ⁊ beþyddan hit þonne on þone elpend hindan...",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a piece of wood: beam, log, stake, staff, cudgel"
],
"links": [
[
"wood",
"wood"
],
[
"beam",
"beam"
],
[
"log",
"log"
],
[
"stake",
"stake"
],
[
"staff",
"staff"
],
[
"cudgel",
"cudgel"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"gallows; cross"
],
"links": [
[
"gallows",
"gallows"
],
[
"cross",
"cross"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tre͜oːw/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "tree",
"word": "bēam"
},
{
"sense": "gallows",
"word": "ġealga"
},
{
"sense": "gallows",
"word": "rōd"
},
{
"word": "trēo"
},
{
"word": "trīo"
},
{
"word": "trīow"
},
{
"word": "trȳw"
},
{
"word": "trēu"
},
{
"word": "trēw"
}
],
"word": "treow"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English feminine nouns",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English ō-stem nouns",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"ang:Trees"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "truce"
},
"expansion": "English: truce",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: truce"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*treuwu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *treuwu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*trewwō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *trewwō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "trouwe"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch trouwe",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "trouw"
},
"expansion": "Dutch trouw",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "treuwa"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon treuwa",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "triuwa"
},
"expansion": "Old High German triuwa",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Treue"
},
"expansion": "German Treue",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *treuwu, from Proto-Germanic *trewwō.\nCognate with Middle Dutch trouwe (Dutch trouw), Old Saxon treuwa, Old High German triuwa (German Treue).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "trēow",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-o-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "trēow",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trēowa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trēowe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trēowe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trēowa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trēowe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trēowe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trēowa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trēowe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trēowum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "trēow",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "trēow f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"head": "trēow"
},
"expansion": "trēow f",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trēow"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-o-f"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "trēow",
"2": "trēowa,trēowe",
"3": "trēowe",
"4": "trēowa,trēowe",
"5": "trēowe",
"6": "trēowa",
"7": "trēowe",
"8": "trēowum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong ō-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "trēowþ"
},
{
"word": "untrēow"
},
{
"word": "untrēowþ"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"loyalty, faithfulness"
],
"links": [
[
"loyalty",
"loyalty"
],
[
"faithfulness",
"faithfulness"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"grace, favour, help"
],
"links": [
[
"grace",
"grace"
],
[
"favour",
"favour"
],
[
"help",
"help"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "If it is by faith that they find Thee who do find Thee, give me that faith.",
"text": "late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Saint Augustine's Soliloquies\nĠef ðē þurh trēowa findon þā ðe þē findon, sile mē þā trēowa.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an assurance of faith; word, promise, engagement, covenant, league"
],
"links": [
[
"faith",
"faith"
],
[
"word",
"word"
],
[
"promise",
"promise"
],
[
"engagement",
"engagement"
],
[
"covenant",
"covenant"
],
[
"league",
"league"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tre͜oːw/"
}
],
"word": "treow"
}
Download raw JSONL data for treow meaning in All languages combined (10.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.