See tortuous on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*terkʷ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "tortuous"
},
"expansion": "Middle English tortuous",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "tortuos"
},
"expansion": "Old French tortuos",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "tortuōsus"
},
"expansion": "Latin tortuōsus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English tortuous, tortuose, from Anglo-Norman and Old French tortuos, from Latin tortuōsus, from tortus (“a twisting, winding”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more tortuous",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most tortuous",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "tortuous (comparative more tortuous, superlative most tortuous)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1848, Thomas Babington Macaulay, The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume 1, Porter & Coates, page 243:",
"text": "The badger made his dark and tortuous hole on the side of every hill where the copsewood grew thick.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1959 February, G. Freeman Allen, “Southampton—Gateway to the Ocean”, in Trains Illustrated, page 91:",
"text": "The Southern acquired them because the little Class \"B4\" 0-4-0 tanks were finding heavy modern rolling stock more and more of a handful, and at war's end the railway had nothing of suitable power but short wheelbase on its books to take their place on the more tortuous of the dock lines.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "2007 October 6, “Slogging on the Home Front”, editorial in The New York Times,\nIt still takes almost half a year for the average veteran’s claim for disability benefits to be decided in a tortuous process that can involve four separate hearings."
},
{
"ref": "2012, Andrew Martin, Underground Overground: A passenger's history of the Tube, Profile Books, →ISBN, page 109:",
"text": "But the early Tubes still tended to follow the public streets in order to save money, hence some tortuous curves.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Twisted; having many turns; convoluted."
],
"id": "en-tortuous-en-adj-iJt6IwhJ",
"links": [
[
"Twisted",
"twisted"
],
[
"turn",
"turn"
],
[
"convoluted",
"convoluted"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(often figurative) Twisted; having many turns; convoluted."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"often"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "98 1 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "izkriven",
"sense": "twisted",
"word": "изкривен"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 1 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "usukan",
"sense": "twisted",
"word": "усукан"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 1 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "twisted",
"word": "tortuós"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "twisted",
"word": "kiemurainen"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 1 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "twisted",
"word": "tortueux"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 1 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "twisted",
"word": "sinueux"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 1 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "twisted",
"word": "contorto"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 1 1",
"alt": "まがりくねった",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "magarikunetta",
"sense": "twisted",
"word": "曲がりくねった"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 1 1",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "twisted",
"word": "flexuosus"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 1 1",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "pičâpič",
"sense": "twisted",
"word": "پیچاپیچ"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 1 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "twisted",
"word": "pokrętny"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 1 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "twisted",
"word": "wykrętny"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 1 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "twisted",
"word": "zawiły"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 1 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "twisted",
"word": "tortuoso"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 1 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "twisted",
"word": "tortuoso"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Astrology",
"orig": "en:Astrology",
"parents": [
"Divination",
"Pseudoscience",
"Occult",
"Sciences",
"Forteana",
"Supernatural",
"All topics",
"Folklore",
"Fundamental",
"Culture",
"Society"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "25 51 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 66 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 76 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 46 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 48 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 46 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 64 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 70 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 70 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 70 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 47 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 44 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 50 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 76 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1872, Walter William Skeat, Chaucer's A Treatise on the Astrolabe:",
"text": "Infortunate ascendent tortuous.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Oblique; applied to the six signs of the zodiac (from Capricorn to Gemini) that ascend most rapidly and obliquely."
],
"id": "en-tortuous-en-adj-WZRBS~c0",
"links": [
[
"astrology",
"astrology"
],
[
"Oblique",
"oblique"
],
[
"zodiac",
"zodiac"
],
[
"Capricorn",
"Capricorn"
],
[
"Gemini",
"Gemini"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(astrology) Oblique; applied to the six signs of the zodiac (from Capricorn to Gemini) that ascend most rapidly and obliquely."
],
"topics": [
"astrology",
"human-sciences",
"mysticism",
"philosophy",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Injurious; tortious."
],
"id": "en-tortuous-en-adj-CrT1Gp36",
"links": [
[
"Injurious",
"injurious"
],
[
"tortious",
"tortious"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Injurious; tortious."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɔːt͡ʃuːəs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-tortuous.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/73/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tortuous.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tortuous.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/73/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tortuous.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tortuous.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɔɹt͡ʃuəs/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
}
],
"word": "tortuous"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *terkʷ-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*terkʷ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "tortuous"
},
"expansion": "Middle English tortuous",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "tortuos"
},
"expansion": "Old French tortuos",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "tortuōsus"
},
"expansion": "Latin tortuōsus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English tortuous, tortuose, from Anglo-Norman and Old French tortuos, from Latin tortuōsus, from tortus (“a twisting, winding”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more tortuous",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most tortuous",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "tortuous (comparative more tortuous, superlative most tortuous)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1848, Thomas Babington Macaulay, The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume 1, Porter & Coates, page 243:",
"text": "The badger made his dark and tortuous hole on the side of every hill where the copsewood grew thick.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1959 February, G. Freeman Allen, “Southampton—Gateway to the Ocean”, in Trains Illustrated, page 91:",
"text": "The Southern acquired them because the little Class \"B4\" 0-4-0 tanks were finding heavy modern rolling stock more and more of a handful, and at war's end the railway had nothing of suitable power but short wheelbase on its books to take their place on the more tortuous of the dock lines.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "2007 October 6, “Slogging on the Home Front”, editorial in The New York Times,\nIt still takes almost half a year for the average veteran’s claim for disability benefits to be decided in a tortuous process that can involve four separate hearings."
},
{
"ref": "2012, Andrew Martin, Underground Overground: A passenger's history of the Tube, Profile Books, →ISBN, page 109:",
"text": "But the early Tubes still tended to follow the public streets in order to save money, hence some tortuous curves.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Twisted; having many turns; convoluted."
],
"links": [
[
"Twisted",
"twisted"
],
[
"turn",
"turn"
],
[
"convoluted",
"convoluted"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(often figurative) Twisted; having many turns; convoluted."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"often"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"en:Astrology"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1872, Walter William Skeat, Chaucer's A Treatise on the Astrolabe:",
"text": "Infortunate ascendent tortuous.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Oblique; applied to the six signs of the zodiac (from Capricorn to Gemini) that ascend most rapidly and obliquely."
],
"links": [
[
"astrology",
"astrology"
],
[
"Oblique",
"oblique"
],
[
"zodiac",
"zodiac"
],
[
"Capricorn",
"Capricorn"
],
[
"Gemini",
"Gemini"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(astrology) Oblique; applied to the six signs of the zodiac (from Capricorn to Gemini) that ascend most rapidly and obliquely."
],
"topics": [
"astrology",
"human-sciences",
"mysticism",
"philosophy",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Injurious; tortious."
],
"links": [
[
"Injurious",
"injurious"
],
[
"tortious",
"tortious"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Injurious; tortious."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɔːt͡ʃuːəs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-tortuous.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/73/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tortuous.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tortuous.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/73/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tortuous.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tortuous.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɔɹt͡ʃuəs/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "izkriven",
"sense": "twisted",
"word": "изкривен"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "usukan",
"sense": "twisted",
"word": "усукан"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "twisted",
"word": "tortuós"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "twisted",
"word": "kiemurainen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "twisted",
"word": "tortueux"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "twisted",
"word": "sinueux"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "twisted",
"word": "contorto"
},
{
"alt": "まがりくねった",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "magarikunetta",
"sense": "twisted",
"word": "曲がりくねった"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "twisted",
"word": "flexuosus"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "pičâpič",
"sense": "twisted",
"word": "پیچاپیچ"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "twisted",
"word": "pokrętny"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "twisted",
"word": "wykrętny"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "twisted",
"word": "zawiły"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "twisted",
"word": "tortuoso"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "twisted",
"word": "tortuoso"
}
],
"word": "tortuous"
}
Download raw JSONL data for tortuous meaning in All languages combined (6.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-09-20 using wiktextract (af5c55c and 66545a6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.