See thwingan on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for thwingan meaning in All languages combined (5.0kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "dwingen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: dwingen\nDutch: dwingen\nLimburgish: dwinge",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: dwingen\nDutch: dwingen\nLimburgish: dwinge"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oxford English Dictionary, 1884–1928, and First Supplement, 1933."
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*þwingan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þwingan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*þwinhaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þwinhaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*þwangiz",
"3": "",
"4": "clamp, strap"
},
"expansion": "*þwangiz (“clamp, strap”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *þwingan, from Proto-Germanic *þwinhaną, related to *þwangiz (“clamp, strap”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*thwingan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Dutch",
"lang_code": "odt",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Old Dutch/thwingan",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bithwingan"
},
{
"word": "tesamanethwingan"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to force"
],
"id": "en-thwingan-odt-verb-~EA~Z0m4",
"links": [
[
"force",
"force"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "thwingan"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "bithwingan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "githwingan"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "dwingen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: dwingen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: dwingen"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*þwingan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þwingan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*þwinhaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þwinhaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *þwingan, from Proto-Germanic *þwinhaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "osx-conj-st",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "3",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "thwingan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "thwingu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thwang",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thwingis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thwungi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thwingid",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "thwang",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "thwingad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thwungun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "thwinge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thwungi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thwinges",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thwungis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thwinge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "thwungi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "thwingen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thwungin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "thwing",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thwingandi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "githwungan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "thwungan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "thwingan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "thwing",
"2": "thwing",
"3": "thwang",
"4": "thwung",
"5": "thwung",
"class": "3"
},
"name": "osx-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Saxon entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to oppress"
],
"id": "en-thwingan-osx-verb-Zt6TBMZd",
"links": [
[
"oppress",
"oppress"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Saxon entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to charge"
],
"id": "en-thwingan-osx-verb-7mtvKhD1",
"links": [
[
"charge",
"charge"
]
]
}
],
"word": "thwingan"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "bithwingan"
},
{
"word": "tesamanethwingan"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "dwingen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: dwingen\nDutch: dwingen\nLimburgish: dwinge",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: dwingen\nDutch: dwingen\nLimburgish: dwinge"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oxford English Dictionary, 1884–1928, and First Supplement, 1933."
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*þwingan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þwingan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*þwinhaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þwinhaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*þwangiz",
"3": "",
"4": "clamp, strap"
},
"expansion": "*þwangiz (“clamp, strap”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *þwingan, from Proto-Germanic *þwinhaną, related to *þwangiz (“clamp, strap”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*thwingan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Dutch",
"lang_code": "odt",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Old Dutch/thwingan",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Dutch class 3 strong verbs",
"Old Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Dutch lemmas",
"Old Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old Dutch verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to force"
],
"links": [
[
"force",
"force"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "thwingan"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Saxon class 3 strong verbs",
"Old Saxon entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Saxon lemmas",
"Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old Saxon terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Saxon terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old Saxon verbs"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bithwingan"
},
{
"word": "githwingan"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "dwingen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: dwingen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: dwingen"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*þwingan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þwingan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*þwinhaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þwinhaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *þwingan, from Proto-Germanic *þwinhaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "osx-conj-st",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "3",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "thwingan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "thwingu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thwang",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thwingis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thwungi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thwingid",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "thwang",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "thwingad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thwungun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "thwinge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thwungi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thwinges",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thwungis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thwinge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "thwungi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "thwingen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thwungin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "thwing",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thwingandi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "githwungan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "thwungan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "thwingan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "thwing",
"2": "thwing",
"3": "thwang",
"4": "thwung",
"5": "thwung",
"class": "3"
},
"name": "osx-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to oppress"
],
"links": [
[
"oppress",
"oppress"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to charge"
],
"links": [
[
"charge",
"charge"
]
]
}
],
"word": "thwingan"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.