"svědčit" meaning in All languages combined

See svědčit on Wiktionary

Verb [Czech]

IPA: [ˈsvjɛt͡ʃɪt]
Etymology: From svědek + -it. Etymology templates: {{affix|cs|svědek|-it}} svědek + -it Head templates: {{cs-verb|a=impf}} svědčit impf Inflection templates: {{cs-conj-pros-it|svě|d|č|aspect=i|im 2s2=svědč|pass=no|pass ns=yes}}, {{cs-conj-forms|aspect=i|im 1p=svědčeme|im 1p2=svědčme|im 2p=svědčete|im 2p2=svědčte|im 2s=svědči|im 2s col=|im 2s2=svědč|pass adj=|pass ms=|pass ms2=|pass ns=svědčeno|pass ns2=|past ms=svědčil|past ms2=|pf 3s=svědčí|tr1 past=|tr1 past2=|tr1 pres=svědče|tr2 pres=svědčíc|vn=svědčení}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], svědčit [infinitive], svědčiti [infinitive], svědčící [error-unrecognized-form], svědčení [noun-from-verb], - [error-unrecognized-form], no-table-tags [table-tags], svědčím [first-person, indicative, present, singular], svědčíme [first-person, indicative, plural, present], - [first-person, imperative, present, singular], svědčeme [first-person, imperative, plural, present], svědčme [first-person, imperative, plural, present], svědčíš [indicative, present, second-person, singular], svědčíte [indicative, plural, present, second-person], svědči [imperative, present, second-person, singular], svědč [imperative, present, second-person, singular], svědčete [imperative, plural, present, second-person], svědčte [imperative, plural, present, second-person], svědčí [indicative, present, singular, third-person], svědčí [indicative, plural, present, third-person], - [imperative, present, singular, third-person], - [imperative, plural, present, third-person], no-table-tags [table-tags], svědčil [animate, masculine, participle, past, singular], svědčili [animate, masculine, participle, past, plural], - [animate, masculine, participle, passive, singular], - [animate, masculine, participle, passive, plural], svědčil [inanimate, masculine, participle, past, singular], svědčily [inanimate, masculine, participle, past, plural], - [inanimate, masculine, participle, passive, singular], - [inanimate, masculine, participle, passive, plural], svědčila [feminine, participle, past, singular], svědčily [feminine, participle, past, plural], - [feminine, participle, passive, singular], - [feminine, participle, passive, plural], svědčilo [neuter, participle, past, singular], svědčila [neuter, participle, past, plural], svědčeno [neuter, participle, passive, singular], - [neuter, participle, passive, plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], svědče [masculine, present, singular, transgressive], - [masculine, past, singular, transgressive], svědčíc [feminine, neuter, present, singular, transgressive], - [feminine, neuter, past, singular, transgressive], svědčíce [plural, present, transgressive], - [past, plural, transgressive]
  1. to testify, to bear witness Tags: imperfective Derived forms: dosvědčit, osvědčit, přesvědčit, svědectví, svědek, usvědčit, vysvědčit
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cs",
        "2": "svědek",
        "3": "-it"
      },
      "expansion": "svědek + -it",
      "name": "affix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From svědek + -it.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cs-conj-pros-it",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčiti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčící",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčení",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cs-conj-pros-it",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčím",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčíme",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčeme",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčme",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčíš",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčíte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědči",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědč",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčí",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčí",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cs-conj-pros-it",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčil",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "animate",
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčili",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "animate",
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "animate",
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "animate",
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčil",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inanimate",
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčily",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inanimate",
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inanimate",
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inanimate",
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčila",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčily",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčilo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčila",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčeno",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cs-conj-pros-it",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědče",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "transgressive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "transgressive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčíc",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "neuter",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "transgressive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "transgressive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčíce",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "transgressive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "transgressive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "a": "impf"
      },
      "expansion": "svědčit impf",
      "name": "cs-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "svě",
        "2": "d",
        "3": "č",
        "aspect": "i",
        "im 2s2": "svědč",
        "pass": "no",
        "pass ns": "yes"
      },
      "name": "cs-conj-pros-it"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "aspect": "i",
        "im 1p": "svědčeme",
        "im 1p2": "svědčme",
        "im 2p": "svědčete",
        "im 2p2": "svědčte",
        "im 2s": "svědči",
        "im 2s col": "",
        "im 2s2": "svědč",
        "pass adj": "",
        "pass ms": "",
        "pass ms2": "",
        "pass ns": "svědčeno",
        "pass ns2": "",
        "past ms": "svědčil",
        "past ms2": "",
        "pf 3s": "svědčí",
        "tr1 past": "",
        "tr1 past2": "",
        "tr1 pres": "svědče",
        "tr2 pres": "svědčíc",
        "vn": "svědčení"
      },
      "name": "cs-conj-forms"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Czech",
  "lang_code": "cs",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Czech entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Czech terms suffixed with -it",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Czech terms with collocations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with collocations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "dosvědčit"
        },
        {
          "word": "osvědčit"
        },
        {
          "word": "přesvědčit"
        },
        {
          "word": "svědectví"
        },
        {
          "word": "svědek"
        },
        {
          "word": "usvědčit"
        },
        {
          "word": "vysvědčit"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to testify against someone",
          "text": "svědčit proti někomu",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to testify, to bear witness"
      ],
      "id": "en-svědčit-cs-verb-5pmEiI9S",
      "links": [
        [
          "testify",
          "testify"
        ],
        [
          "bear witness",
          "bear witness"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈsvjɛt͡ʃɪt]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "svědčit"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "dosvědčit"
    },
    {
      "word": "osvědčit"
    },
    {
      "word": "přesvědčit"
    },
    {
      "word": "svědectví"
    },
    {
      "word": "svědek"
    },
    {
      "word": "usvědčit"
    },
    {
      "word": "vysvědčit"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cs",
        "2": "svědek",
        "3": "-it"
      },
      "expansion": "svědek + -it",
      "name": "affix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From svědek + -it.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cs-conj-pros-it",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčiti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčící",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčení",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cs-conj-pros-it",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčím",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčíme",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčeme",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčme",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčíš",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčíte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědči",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědč",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčí",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčí",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cs-conj-pros-it",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčil",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "animate",
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčili",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "animate",
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "animate",
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "animate",
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčil",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inanimate",
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčily",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inanimate",
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inanimate",
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inanimate",
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčila",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčily",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčilo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčila",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčeno",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cs-conj-pros-it",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědče",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "transgressive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "transgressive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčíc",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "neuter",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "transgressive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "transgressive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "svědčíce",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "transgressive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "transgressive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "a": "impf"
      },
      "expansion": "svědčit impf",
      "name": "cs-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "svě",
        "2": "d",
        "3": "č",
        "aspect": "i",
        "im 2s2": "svědč",
        "pass": "no",
        "pass ns": "yes"
      },
      "name": "cs-conj-pros-it"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "aspect": "i",
        "im 1p": "svědčeme",
        "im 1p2": "svědčme",
        "im 2p": "svědčete",
        "im 2p2": "svědčte",
        "im 2s": "svědči",
        "im 2s col": "",
        "im 2s2": "svědč",
        "pass adj": "",
        "pass ms": "",
        "pass ms2": "",
        "pass ns": "svědčeno",
        "pass ns2": "",
        "past ms": "svědčil",
        "past ms2": "",
        "pf 3s": "svědčí",
        "tr1 past": "",
        "tr1 past2": "",
        "tr1 pres": "svědče",
        "tr2 pres": "svědčíc",
        "vn": "svědčení"
      },
      "name": "cs-conj-forms"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Czech",
  "lang_code": "cs",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Czech entries with incorrect language header",
        "Czech imperfective verbs",
        "Czech lemmas",
        "Czech terms suffixed with -it",
        "Czech terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Czech terms with collocations",
        "Czech verbs",
        "Pages with 1 entry"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to testify against someone",
          "text": "svědčit proti někomu",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to testify, to bear witness"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "testify",
          "testify"
        ],
        [
          "bear witness",
          "bear witness"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈsvjɛt͡ʃɪt]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "svědčit"
}

Download raw JSONL data for svědčit meaning in All languages combined (6.6kB)

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Active adjective'",
  "path": [
    "svědčit"
  ],
  "section": "Czech",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "svědčit",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Passive adjective'",
  "path": [
    "svědčit"
  ],
  "section": "Czech",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "svědčit",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-09-20 using wiktextract (af5c55c and 66545a6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.