"stoppōn" meaning in All languages combined

See stoppōn on Wiktionary

Verb [Proto-West Germanic]

Etymology: Unknown; According to Barnhart probably from Proto-Germanic *stuppōną (“to stop, close”), *stuppijaną (“to push, pierce, prick”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tewp-, *(s)tewb- (“to push; stick”), from *(s)tew- (“to bump; impact; butt; push; beat; strike; hit”). Alternatively, suggested to be borrowed from Latin stuppō (“to stop up, block, plug”), if not the other direction, but according to Century Dictionary, this is "on grounds of meaning somewhat doubtful". Alternatively, related to Proto-Germanic *stubbaz (“stump, stub”). See also Proto-Germanic *tappô. Etymology templates: {{unk|gmw-pro}} Unknown, {{inh|gmw-pro|gem-pro|*stuppōną|t=to stop, close}} Proto-Germanic *stuppōną (“to stop, close”), {{der|gmw-pro|ine-pro|*(s)tewp-}} Proto-Indo-European *(s)tewp-, {{bor|gmw-pro|la|stuppō|t=to stop up, block, plug}} Latin stuppō (“to stop up, block, plug”), {{cog|gem-pro|*stubbaz|t=stump, stub}} Proto-Germanic *stubbaz (“stump, stub”), {{cog|gem-pro|*tappô}} Proto-Germanic *tappô Head templates: {{head|gmw-pro|verb}} *stoppōn Inflection templates: {{gmw-infl-verb-wk2}} Forms: weak [table-tags], stoppōn [infinitive], stoppōnijas [genitive, infinitive], stoppōnijē [dative, infinitive], stoppōniju [infinitive, instrumental], stoppō [first-person, present, singular], stoppōdā [first-person, past, singular], stoppōs [present, second-person, singular], stoppōdēs [past, second-person, singular], stoppōdōs [past, second-person, singular], stoppōþ [present, singular, third-person], stoppōdē [past, singular, third-person], stoppōdā [past, singular, third-person], stoppōm [first-person, plural, present], stoppōdum [first-person, past, plural], stoppōþ [plural, present, second-person], stoppōdud [past, plural, second-person], stoppōnþ [plural, present, third-person], stoppōdun [past, plural, third-person], stoppōdī [first-person, past, singular], stoppōdī [past, second-person, singular], stoppō [present, singular, third-person], stoppōdī [past, singular, third-person], stoppōdīm [first-person, past, plural], stoppōdīd [past, plural, second-person], stoppōn [plural, present, third-person], stoppōdīn [past, plural, third-person], stoppō [present, singular], stoppōþ [plural, present], stoppōndī [participle, present], stoppōd [participle, past]
  1. to stop, halt Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-stoppōn-gmw-pro-verb-dcd7QLl2
  2. to plug Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-stoppōn-gmw-pro-verb-USKLccqG
  3. to stuff, insert Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-stoppōn-gmw-pro-verb-U-HQxZqZ Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 24 18 57 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 22 16 62 Disambiguation of Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 14 8 78
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: stuppijan
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "stoppian"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: stoppian\nMiddle English: stoppen, stoppien\nEnglish: stop (see there for further descendants)\nScots: stop, stap",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: stoppian\nMiddle English: stoppen, stoppien\nEnglish: stop (see there for further descendants)\nScots: stop, stap"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ofs",
            "2": "stoppia"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Frisian: stoppia",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Frisian: stoppia"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "stq",
            "2": "stopje"
          },
          "expansion": "Saterland Frisian: stopje",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Saterland Frisian: stopje"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fy",
            "2": "stopje"
          },
          "expansion": "West Frisian: stopje",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "West Frisian: stopje"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "*stoppōn"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: *stoppōn",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: *stoppōn"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "stoppen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: stoppen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: stoppen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nds",
            "2": "stoppen"
          },
          "expansion": "Low German: stoppen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Low German: stoppen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "stoppen",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ German: stoppen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ German: stoppen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "stoppa",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Old Norse: stoppa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Old Norse: stoppa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "stoppa"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: stoppa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: stoppa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fo",
            "2": "stappa"
          },
          "expansion": "Faroese: stappa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Faroese: stappa ?"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nb",
            "2": "stoppe"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: stoppe",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Bokmål: stoppe"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nn",
            "2": "stoppa",
            "3": "stoppe"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: stoppa, stoppe",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: stoppa, stoppe"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "stoppa"
          },
          "expansion": "Swedish: stoppa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Swedish: stoppa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "stoppe"
          },
          "expansion": "Danish: stoppe",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Danish: stoppe"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "*stoppon"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: *stoppon",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: *stoppon"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "stoppen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Dutch: stoppen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Dutch: stoppen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "stoppen"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: stoppen\nAfrikaans: stop\nBerbice Creole Dutch: stupu\nNegerhollands: stop, top\n→ Caribbean Javanese: setop\n→ Indonesian: setop\n→ Papiamentu: stòp, stop",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: stoppen\nAfrikaans: stop\nBerbice Creole Dutch: stupu\nNegerhollands: stop, top\n→ Caribbean Javanese: setop\n→ Indonesian: setop\n→ Papiamentu: stòp, stop"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "stoffōn"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: stoffōn, stoppōn, stophōn\nMiddle High German: stopfen, stophen\nGerman: stopfen\nHunsrik: stoppe\nLuxembourgish: stoppen\n→ Old French: estoffer, estofer\nMiddle French: estoffer\nFrench: étoffer\n→ Middle Dutch: stoffēren\nDutch: stofferen\n→ Middle Low German: staffēren\n→ German: staffieren\n→ Middle English: stuffen\nEnglish: stuff\n→ French: stoff\nScots: stuff",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: stoffōn, stoppōn, stophōn\nMiddle High German: stopfen, stophen\nGerman: stopfen\nHunsrik: stoppe\nLuxembourgish: stoppen\n→ Old French: estoffer, estofer\nMiddle French: estoffer\nFrench: étoffer\n→ Middle Dutch: stoffēren\nDutch: stofferen\n→ Middle Low German: staffēren\n→ German: staffieren\n→ Middle English: stuffen\nEnglish: stuff\n→ French: stoff\nScots: stuff"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ML.",
            "2": "stuppō",
            "bor": "1",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→? Medieval Latin: stuppō",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→? Medieval Latin: stuppō (see there for further descendants)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro"
      },
      "expansion": "Unknown",
      "name": "unk"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*stuppōną",
        "t": "to stop, close"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *stuppōną (“to stop, close”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)tewp-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)tewp-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "stuppō",
        "t": "to stop up, block, plug"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin stuppō (“to stop up, block, plug”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*stubbaz",
        "t": "stump, stub"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *stubbaz (“stump, stub”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*tappô"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *tappô",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Unknown; According to Barnhart probably from Proto-Germanic *stuppōną (“to stop, close”), *stuppijaną (“to push, pierce, prick”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tewp-, *(s)tewb- (“to push; stick”), from *(s)tew- (“to bump; impact; butt; push; beat; strike; hit”). Alternatively, suggested to be borrowed from Latin stuppō (“to stop up, block, plug”), if not the other direction, but according to Century Dictionary, this is \"on grounds of meaning somewhat doubtful\". Alternatively, related to Proto-Germanic *stubbaz (“stump, stub”). See also Proto-Germanic *tappô.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōnijas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōnijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōniju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōdā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōdēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōdōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōdē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōdā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōdum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōdud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōnþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōdun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōdī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōdī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōdī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōdīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōdīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōdīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōndī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "*stoppōn",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk2"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/stoppōn",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "stuppijan"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to stop, halt"
      ],
      "id": "en-stoppōn-gmw-pro-verb-dcd7QLl2",
      "links": [
        [
          "stop",
          "stop"
        ],
        [
          "halt",
          "halt"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to plug"
      ],
      "id": "en-stoppōn-gmw-pro-verb-USKLccqG",
      "links": [
        [
          "plug",
          "plug"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "24 18 57",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 16 62",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 8 78",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to stuff, insert"
      ],
      "id": "en-stoppōn-gmw-pro-verb-U-HQxZqZ",
      "links": [
        [
          "stuff",
          "stuff"
        ],
        [
          "insert",
          "insert"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Elmar Seebold",
    "Etymological Dictionary of the German Language",
    "de:Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache"
  ],
  "word": "stoppōn"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Proto-West Germanic class 2 weak verbs",
    "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
    "Proto-West Germanic terms borrowed from Latin",
    "Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Latin",
    "Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Proto-West Germanic terms with unknown etymologies",
    "Proto-West Germanic verbs"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "stoppian"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: stoppian\nMiddle English: stoppen, stoppien\nEnglish: stop (see there for further descendants)\nScots: stop, stap",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: stoppian\nMiddle English: stoppen, stoppien\nEnglish: stop (see there for further descendants)\nScots: stop, stap"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ofs",
            "2": "stoppia"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Frisian: stoppia",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Frisian: stoppia"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "stq",
            "2": "stopje"
          },
          "expansion": "Saterland Frisian: stopje",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Saterland Frisian: stopje"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fy",
            "2": "stopje"
          },
          "expansion": "West Frisian: stopje",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "West Frisian: stopje"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "*stoppōn"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: *stoppōn",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: *stoppōn"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "stoppen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: stoppen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: stoppen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nds",
            "2": "stoppen"
          },
          "expansion": "Low German: stoppen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Low German: stoppen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "stoppen",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ German: stoppen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ German: stoppen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "stoppa",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Old Norse: stoppa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Old Norse: stoppa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "stoppa"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: stoppa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: stoppa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fo",
            "2": "stappa"
          },
          "expansion": "Faroese: stappa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Faroese: stappa ?"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nb",
            "2": "stoppe"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: stoppe",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Bokmål: stoppe"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nn",
            "2": "stoppa",
            "3": "stoppe"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: stoppa, stoppe",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: stoppa, stoppe"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "stoppa"
          },
          "expansion": "Swedish: stoppa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Swedish: stoppa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "stoppe"
          },
          "expansion": "Danish: stoppe",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Danish: stoppe"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "*stoppon"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: *stoppon",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: *stoppon"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "stoppen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Dutch: stoppen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Dutch: stoppen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "stoppen"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: stoppen\nAfrikaans: stop\nBerbice Creole Dutch: stupu\nNegerhollands: stop, top\n→ Caribbean Javanese: setop\n→ Indonesian: setop\n→ Papiamentu: stòp, stop",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: stoppen\nAfrikaans: stop\nBerbice Creole Dutch: stupu\nNegerhollands: stop, top\n→ Caribbean Javanese: setop\n→ Indonesian: setop\n→ Papiamentu: stòp, stop"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "stoffōn"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: stoffōn, stoppōn, stophōn\nMiddle High German: stopfen, stophen\nGerman: stopfen\nHunsrik: stoppe\nLuxembourgish: stoppen\n→ Old French: estoffer, estofer\nMiddle French: estoffer\nFrench: étoffer\n→ Middle Dutch: stoffēren\nDutch: stofferen\n→ Middle Low German: staffēren\n→ German: staffieren\n→ Middle English: stuffen\nEnglish: stuff\n→ French: stoff\nScots: stuff",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: stoffōn, stoppōn, stophōn\nMiddle High German: stopfen, stophen\nGerman: stopfen\nHunsrik: stoppe\nLuxembourgish: stoppen\n→ Old French: estoffer, estofer\nMiddle French: estoffer\nFrench: étoffer\n→ Middle Dutch: stoffēren\nDutch: stofferen\n→ Middle Low German: staffēren\n→ German: staffieren\n→ Middle English: stuffen\nEnglish: stuff\n→ French: stoff\nScots: stuff"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ML.",
            "2": "stuppō",
            "bor": "1",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→? Medieval Latin: stuppō",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→? Medieval Latin: stuppō (see there for further descendants)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro"
      },
      "expansion": "Unknown",
      "name": "unk"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*stuppōną",
        "t": "to stop, close"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *stuppōną (“to stop, close”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)tewp-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)tewp-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "stuppō",
        "t": "to stop up, block, plug"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin stuppō (“to stop up, block, plug”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*stubbaz",
        "t": "stump, stub"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *stubbaz (“stump, stub”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*tappô"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *tappô",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Unknown; According to Barnhart probably from Proto-Germanic *stuppōną (“to stop, close”), *stuppijaną (“to push, pierce, prick”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tewp-, *(s)tewb- (“to push; stick”), from *(s)tew- (“to bump; impact; butt; push; beat; strike; hit”). Alternatively, suggested to be borrowed from Latin stuppō (“to stop up, block, plug”), if not the other direction, but according to Century Dictionary, this is \"on grounds of meaning somewhat doubtful\". Alternatively, related to Proto-Germanic *stubbaz (“stump, stub”). See also Proto-Germanic *tappô.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōnijas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōnijē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōniju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōdā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōdēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōdōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōdē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōdā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōdum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōdud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōnþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōdun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōdī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōdī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōdī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōdīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōdīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōdīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōndī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stoppōd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "*stoppōn",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk2"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/stoppōn",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "stuppijan"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to stop, halt"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "stop",
          "stop"
        ],
        [
          "halt",
          "halt"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to plug"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "plug",
          "plug"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to stuff, insert"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "stuff",
          "stuff"
        ],
        [
          "insert",
          "insert"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Elmar Seebold",
    "Etymological Dictionary of the German Language",
    "de:Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache"
  ],
  "word": "stoppōn"
}

Download raw JSONL data for stoppōn meaning in All languages combined (10.0kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.