See spinus on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balkano-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "schin"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian: schin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aromanian: schin"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "spin"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: spin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: spin"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "spino"
},
"expansion": "Italian: spino",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: spino"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Rhaeto-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "spin"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: spin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: spin"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Gallo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "espin"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: espin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: espin"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Ibero-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "espiño"
},
"expansion": "Galician: espiño",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: espiño"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "espinho"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: espinho",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: espinho"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "espino"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: espino",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: espino"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From spīna.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "spīnus",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "variously declined",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "spīnī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "spīnūs",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "spīnus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spīnī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīnūs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīnī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spīnūs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spīnōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīnuum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīnō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spīnuī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spīnīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīnibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīnum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spīnōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīnūs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīnō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spīnū",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spīnīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīnibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "spīnus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "spīnī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "spīnūs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "((spīnus<2>,spīnus<4>))",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "spīnus f (genitive spīnī or spīnūs); variously declined, second declension, fourth declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "((spīnus<2>,spīnus<4>))"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the fourth declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin nouns with multiple declensions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Plants",
"orig": "la:Plants",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"thorn-bush, black-thorn, sloe-tree"
],
"id": "en-spinus-la-noun-mI0Uv5fD",
"links": [
[
"thorn",
"thorn"
],
[
"bush",
"bush"
],
[
"black",
"black"
],
[
"sloe",
"sloe"
],
[
"tree",
"tree"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"declension-4"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈspiː.nʊs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈspiː.nus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "spinus"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balkano-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "schin"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian: schin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aromanian: schin"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "spin"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: spin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: spin"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "spino"
},
"expansion": "Italian: spino",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: spino"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Rhaeto-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "spin"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: spin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: spin"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Gallo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "espin"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: espin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: espin"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Ibero-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "espiño"
},
"expansion": "Galician: espiño",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: espiño"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "espinho"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: espinho",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: espinho"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "espino"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: espino",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: espino"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From spīna.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "spīnus",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "variously declined",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "spīnī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "spīnūs",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "spīnus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spīnī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīnūs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīnī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spīnūs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spīnōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīnuum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīnō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spīnuī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spīnīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīnibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīnum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spīnōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīnūs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīnō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spīnū",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spīnīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīnibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "spīnus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "spīnī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "spīnūs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "((spīnus<2>,spīnus<4>))",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "spīnus f (genitive spīnī or spīnūs); variously declined, second declension, fourth declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "((spīnus<2>,spīnus<4>))"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin feminine nouns",
"Latin feminine nouns in the fourth declension",
"Latin feminine nouns in the second declension",
"Latin fourth declension nouns",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin links with manual fragments",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin nouns with multiple declensions",
"Latin second declension nouns",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"la:Plants"
],
"glosses": [
"thorn-bush, black-thorn, sloe-tree"
],
"links": [
[
"thorn",
"thorn"
],
[
"bush",
"bush"
],
[
"black",
"black"
],
[
"sloe",
"sloe"
],
[
"tree",
"tree"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"declension-4"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈspiː.nʊs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈspiː.nus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "spinus"
}
Download raw JSONL data for spinus meaning in All languages combined (4.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.