"sferzare" meaning in All languages combined

See sferzare on Wiktionary

Verb [Italian]

IPA: /sferˈt͡sa.re/
Rhymes: -are Etymology: Unknown, but possibly sferza (“whip, lash”) + -are. Etymology templates: {{unk|it}} Unknown, {{suffix|it|sferza|are|t1=whip, lash}} sferza (“whip, lash”) + -are Head templates: {{it-verb|a/è}} sferzàre (first-person singular present sfèrzo, first-person singular past historic sferzài, past participle sferzàto, auxiliary avére) Inflection templates: {{it-conj|a/è}} Forms: sferzàre [canonical], sfèrzo [first-person, present, singular], sferzài [first-person, historic, past, singular], sferzàto [participle, past], avére [auxiliary], no-table-tags [table-tags], sferzàre [infinitive], avére [auxiliary], sferzàndo [gerund], sferzànte [participle, present], sferzàto [participle, past], sfèrzo [first-person, indicative, present, singular], sfèrzi [indicative, present, second-person, singular], sfèrza [indicative, present, singular, third-person], sferziàmo [first-person, indicative, plural, present], sferzàte [indicative, plural, present, second-person], sfèrzano [indicative, plural, present, third-person], sferzàvo [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], sferzàvi [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], sferzàva [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], sferzavàmo [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], sferzavàte [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], sferzàvano [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], sferzài [first-person, historic, indicative, past, singular], sferzàsti [historic, indicative, past, second-person, singular], sferzò [historic, indicative, past, singular, third-person], sferzàmmo [first-person, historic, indicative, past, plural], sferzàste [historic, indicative, past, plural, second-person], sferzàrono [historic, indicative, past, plural, third-person], sferzerò [first-person, future, indicative, singular], sferzerài [future, indicative, second-person, singular], sferzerà [future, indicative, singular, third-person], sferzerémo [first-person, future, indicative, plural], sferzeréte [future, indicative, plural, second-person], sferzerànno [future, indicative, plural, third-person], sferzerèi [conditional, first-person, present, singular], sferzerésti [conditional, present, second-person, singular], sferzerèbbe [conditional, present, singular, third-person], sferzerébbe [conditional, present, singular, third-person], sferzerémmo [conditional, first-person, plural, present], sferzeréste [conditional, plural, present, second-person], sferzerèbbero [conditional, plural, present, third-person], sferzerébbero [conditional, plural, present, third-person], sfèrzi [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], sfèrzi [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], sfèrzi [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], sferziàmo [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], sferziàte [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], sfèrzino [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], sferzàssi [first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], sferzàssi [imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], sferzàsse [imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], sferzàssimo [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], sferzàste [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], sferzàssero [imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], sfèrza [imperative, second-person, singular], sfèrzi [formal, imperative, second-person-semantically, singular, third-person], sferziàmo [first-person, imperative, plural], sferzàte [imperative, plural, second-person], sfèrzino [formal, imperative, plural, second-person-semantically, third-person], sferzàre [imperative, negative, second-person, singular], sfèrzi [formal, imperative, negative, second-person-semantically, singular, third-person], sferziàmo [first-person, imperative, negative, plural], sferzàte [imperative, negative, plural, second-person], sfèrzino [formal, imperative, negative, plural, second-person-semantically, third-person]
  1. to whip or lash Tags: transitive Synonyms: frustare, fustigare, flagellare, battere
    Sense id: en-sferzare-it-verb-X5hfICCU
  2. (figurative, by extension) to strike or hit violently (of a natural agent) Tags: broadly, figuratively, transitive
    Sense id: en-sferzare-it-verb-FYxFCMBh Categories (other): Italian verbs taking avere as auxiliary Disambiguation of Italian verbs taking avere as auxiliary: 23 30 23 23
  3. (figurative, by extension) to criticize harshly Tags: broadly, figuratively, transitive Synonyms: criticare, biasimare, rimproverare
    Sense id: en-sferzare-it-verb-RlkX~p9b Categories (other): Italian entries with incorrect language header, Italian links with redundant wikilinks, Italian terms suffixed with -are, Italian verbs ending in -are Disambiguation of Italian entries with incorrect language header: 7 8 79 7 Disambiguation of Italian links with redundant wikilinks: 7 9 77 7 Disambiguation of Italian terms suffixed with -are: 15 15 54 15 Disambiguation of Italian verbs ending in -are: 16 17 51 16
  4. (figurative, by extension) to stimulate; to spur Tags: broadly, figuratively, transitive Synonyms: incitare, pungolare, stimolare, spronare
    Sense id: en-sferzare-it-verb-EJU2gBXV
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: sferza, sferzante, sferzata, sferzatore

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for sferzare meaning in All languages combined (10.0kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "sferza"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "sferzante"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "sferzata"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "sferzatore"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it"
      },
      "expansion": "Unknown",
      "name": "unk"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "sferza",
        "3": "are",
        "t1": "whip, lash"
      },
      "expansion": "sferza (“whip, lash”) + -are",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Unknown, but possibly sferza (“whip, lash”) + -are.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "sferzàre",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sfèrzo",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzài",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzàto",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avére",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "it-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzàre",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avére",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzàndo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzànte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzàto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sfèrzo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sfèrzi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sfèrza",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferziàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzàte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sfèrzano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzàvo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzàvi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzàva",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzavàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzavàte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzàvano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzài",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzàsti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzò",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzàmmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzàste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzàrono",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzerò",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzerài",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzerà",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzerémo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzeréte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzerànno",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzerèi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzerésti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzerèbbe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzerébbe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzerémmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzeréste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzerèbbero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzerébbero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sfèrzi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sfèrzi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sfèrzi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferziàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferziàte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sfèrzino",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzàssi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzàssi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzàsse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzàssimo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzàste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzàssero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sfèrza",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sfèrzi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferziàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzàte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sfèrzino",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzàre",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sfèrzi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferziàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzàte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sfèrzino",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "a/è"
      },
      "expansion": "sferzàre (first-person singular present sfèrzo, first-person singular past historic sferzài, past participle sferzàto, auxiliary avére)",
      "name": "it-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "sfer‧zà‧re"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "a/è"
      },
      "name": "it-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Italian",
  "lang_code": "it",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to whip or lash"
      ],
      "id": "en-sferzare-it-verb-X5hfICCU",
      "links": [
        [
          "whip",
          "whip"
        ],
        [
          "lash",
          "lash"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "frustare"
        },
        {
          "word": "fustigare"
        },
        {
          "word": "flagellare"
        },
        {
          "word": "battere"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "23 30 23 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs taking avere as auxiliary",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "the waves broke on the shore",
          "text": "le onde sferzavano la riva",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "the hail hit the countryside",
          "text": "la grandine ha sferzato la campagna",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to strike or hit violently (of a natural agent)"
      ],
      "id": "en-sferzare-it-verb-FYxFCMBh",
      "links": [
        [
          "strike",
          "strike"
        ],
        [
          "hit",
          "hit"
        ],
        [
          "natural",
          "natural"
        ],
        [
          "agent",
          "agent"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figurative, by extension) to strike or hit violently (of a natural agent)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "figuratively",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "7 8 79 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 9 77 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 15 54 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian terms suffixed with -are",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 17 51 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs ending in -are",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to criticize harshly"
      ],
      "id": "en-sferzare-it-verb-RlkX~p9b",
      "links": [
        [
          "criticize",
          "criticize"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figurative, by extension) to criticize harshly"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "criticare"
        },
        {
          "word": "biasimare"
        },
        {
          "word": "rimproverare"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "figuratively",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to stimulate; to spur"
      ],
      "id": "en-sferzare-it-verb-EJU2gBXV",
      "links": [
        [
          "stimulate",
          "stimulate"
        ],
        [
          "spur",
          "spur"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figurative, by extension) to stimulate; to spur"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "incitare"
        },
        {
          "word": "pungolare"
        },
        {
          "word": "stimolare"
        },
        {
          "word": "spronare"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "figuratively",
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/sferˈt͡sa.re/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-are"
    }
  ],
  "word": "sferzare"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Italian 3-syllable words",
    "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Italian lemmas",
    "Italian links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Italian terms suffixed with -are",
    "Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Italian terms with unknown etymologies",
    "Italian transitive verbs",
    "Italian verbs",
    "Italian verbs ending in -are",
    "Italian verbs taking avere as auxiliary",
    "Rhymes:Italian/are",
    "Rhymes:Italian/are/3 syllables"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "sferza"
    },
    {
      "word": "sferzante"
    },
    {
      "word": "sferzata"
    },
    {
      "word": "sferzatore"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it"
      },
      "expansion": "Unknown",
      "name": "unk"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "sferza",
        "3": "are",
        "t1": "whip, lash"
      },
      "expansion": "sferza (“whip, lash”) + -are",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Unknown, but possibly sferza (“whip, lash”) + -are.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "sferzàre",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sfèrzo",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzài",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzàto",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avére",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "it-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzàre",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avére",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzàndo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzànte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzàto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sfèrzo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sfèrzi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sfèrza",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferziàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzàte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sfèrzano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzàvo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzàvi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzàva",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzavàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzavàte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzàvano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzài",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzàsti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzò",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzàmmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzàste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzàrono",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzerò",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzerài",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzerà",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzerémo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzeréte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzerànno",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzerèi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzerésti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzerèbbe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzerébbe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzerémmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzeréste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzerèbbero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzerébbero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sfèrzi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sfèrzi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sfèrzi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferziàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferziàte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sfèrzino",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzàssi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzàssi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzàsse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzàssimo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzàste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzàssero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sfèrza",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sfèrzi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferziàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzàte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sfèrzino",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzàre",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sfèrzi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferziàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sferzàte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sfèrzino",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "a/è"
      },
      "expansion": "sferzàre (first-person singular present sfèrzo, first-person singular past historic sferzài, past participle sferzàto, auxiliary avére)",
      "name": "it-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "sfer‧zà‧re"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "a/è"
      },
      "name": "it-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Italian",
  "lang_code": "it",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to whip or lash"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "whip",
          "whip"
        ],
        [
          "lash",
          "lash"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "frustare"
        },
        {
          "word": "fustigare"
        },
        {
          "word": "flagellare"
        },
        {
          "word": "battere"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Italian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "the waves broke on the shore",
          "text": "le onde sferzavano la riva",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "the hail hit the countryside",
          "text": "la grandine ha sferzato la campagna",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to strike or hit violently (of a natural agent)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "strike",
          "strike"
        ],
        [
          "hit",
          "hit"
        ],
        [
          "natural",
          "natural"
        ],
        [
          "agent",
          "agent"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figurative, by extension) to strike or hit violently (of a natural agent)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "figuratively",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to criticize harshly"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "criticize",
          "criticize"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figurative, by extension) to criticize harshly"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "criticare"
        },
        {
          "word": "biasimare"
        },
        {
          "word": "rimproverare"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "figuratively",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to stimulate; to spur"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "stimulate",
          "stimulate"
        ],
        [
          "spur",
          "spur"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figurative, by extension) to stimulate; to spur"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "incitare"
        },
        {
          "word": "pungolare"
        },
        {
          "word": "stimolare"
        },
        {
          "word": "spronare"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "figuratively",
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/sferˈt͡sa.re/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-are"
    }
  ],
  "word": "sferzare"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.