See scunian on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "asċunian"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "forsċunian"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "onsċunian"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "sċunung"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "shonen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: shonen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: shonen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "shun"
},
"expansion": "English: shun",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: shun"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "shun"
},
"expansion": "Scots: shun",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: shun"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*skuhu",
"t": "shy"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *skuhu (“shy”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "sċyhhan",
"t": "to shy away from, shun"
},
"expansion": "Old English sċyhhan (“to shy away from, shun”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*skeuhnōn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *skeuhnōn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skeuhaz",
"t": "shy"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skeuhaz (“shy”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kewH-",
"4": "*(s)kewdʰ-",
"t": "to cover, wrap, encase"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewdʰ- (“to cover, wrap, encase”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown. No known cognates in Germanic. Perhaps derived from Proto-West Germanic *skuhu (“shy”), making it akin to Old English sċyhhan (“to shy away from, shun”) and sċucca (“evil spirit, demon”); or possibly from earlier *sċūnian, *sċēonian, from Proto-West Germanic *skeuhnōn, *skiuhnijan, *skeuhnēn (“to be shy, fear, avoid”), from Proto-Germanic *skeuhaz (“shy”).\nFurther, possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewdʰ- (“to cover, wrap, encase”), from *(s)kewH- (“to cover, hide”); if so, cognate with hȳdan (“to hide, conceal, preserve”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sċunian",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "2",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "sċunian",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "sċunienne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "sċuniġe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sċunode",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sċunast",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sċunodest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sċunaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sċunode",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sċuniaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sċunodon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sċuniġe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sċunode",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sċuniġen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sċunoden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sċuna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sċuniaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sċuniende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sċunod",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ġesċunod",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "sċeonian",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sċynian",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sċyniġan",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"head": "sċunian"
},
"expansion": "sċunian",
"name": "ang-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sċunian<w2>"
},
"name": "ang-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to shun; avoid"
],
"id": "en-scunian-ang-verb-CfSV-9kk",
"links": [
[
"shun",
"shun"
],
[
"avoid",
"avoid"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 70",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 63",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 82",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to hate; abhor; detest"
],
"id": "en-scunian-ang-verb-JG2z2lgz",
"links": [
[
"hate",
"hate"
],
[
"abhor",
"abhor"
],
[
"detest",
"detest"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃu.ni.ɑn/"
}
],
"word": "scunian"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English class 2 weak verbs",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English terms with unknown etymologies",
"Old English verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "asċunian"
},
{
"word": "forsċunian"
},
{
"word": "onsċunian"
},
{
"word": "sċunung"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "shonen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: shonen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: shonen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "shun"
},
"expansion": "English: shun",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: shun"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "shun"
},
"expansion": "Scots: shun",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: shun"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*skuhu",
"t": "shy"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *skuhu (“shy”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "sċyhhan",
"t": "to shy away from, shun"
},
"expansion": "Old English sċyhhan (“to shy away from, shun”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*skeuhnōn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *skeuhnōn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skeuhaz",
"t": "shy"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skeuhaz (“shy”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kewH-",
"4": "*(s)kewdʰ-",
"t": "to cover, wrap, encase"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewdʰ- (“to cover, wrap, encase”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown. No known cognates in Germanic. Perhaps derived from Proto-West Germanic *skuhu (“shy”), making it akin to Old English sċyhhan (“to shy away from, shun”) and sċucca (“evil spirit, demon”); or possibly from earlier *sċūnian, *sċēonian, from Proto-West Germanic *skeuhnōn, *skiuhnijan, *skeuhnēn (“to be shy, fear, avoid”), from Proto-Germanic *skeuhaz (“shy”).\nFurther, possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewdʰ- (“to cover, wrap, encase”), from *(s)kewH- (“to cover, hide”); if so, cognate with hȳdan (“to hide, conceal, preserve”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sċunian",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "2",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "sċunian",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "sċunienne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "sċuniġe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sċunode",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sċunast",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sċunodest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sċunaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sċunode",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sċuniaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sċunodon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sċuniġe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sċunode",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sċuniġen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sċunoden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sċuna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sċuniaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sċuniende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sċunod",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ġesċunod",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "sċeonian",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sċynian",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sċyniġan",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"head": "sċunian"
},
"expansion": "sċunian",
"name": "ang-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sċunian<w2>"
},
"name": "ang-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to shun; avoid"
],
"links": [
[
"shun",
"shun"
],
[
"avoid",
"avoid"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to hate; abhor; detest"
],
"links": [
[
"hate",
"hate"
],
[
"abhor",
"abhor"
],
[
"detest",
"detest"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃu.ni.ɑn/"
}
],
"word": "scunian"
}
Download raw JSONL data for scunian meaning in All languages combined (4.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (db0bec0 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.