See retainer on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "general retainer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "special retainer"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ten-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "retain",
"3": "-er",
"id2": "agent noun"
},
"expansion": "retain + -er",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From retain + -er.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "retainers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "retainer (plural retainers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "brace"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Any thing or person that retains."
],
"id": "en-retainer-en-noun-BRHsK3f-",
"links": [
[
"retain",
"retain"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "89 2 3 0 2 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zadrǎžka",
"sense": "any thing or person that retains",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "задръжка"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 2 3 0 2 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "any thing or person that retains",
"word": "pidike"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 2 3 0 2 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "any thing or person that retains",
"word": "pidäke"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2021 October 19, David Graeber, David Wengrowr, “Unfreezing the ice age: the truth about humanity’s deep past”, in The Guardian, UK:",
"text": "If they possessed the means to marshal labour, pile up food resources and provender armies of year-round retainers, what sort of royalty would consciously elect not to do so.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A dependent or follower of someone of rank."
],
"id": "en-retainer-en-noun-WdzGBpA8",
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "7 78 5 1 5 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sluga",
"sense": "dependent or follower",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "слуга"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 78 5 1 5 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vasal",
"sense": "dependent or follower",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "васал"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 78 5 1 5 4",
"code": "egy",
"lang": "Egyptian",
"roman": "šmsw",
"sense": "dependent or follower",
"word": "Sms-w"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 78 5 1 5 4",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "dependent or follower",
"word": "akompananto"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 78 5 1 5 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "dependent or follower",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "suite"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 78 5 1 5 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "dependent or follower",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Dienstmann"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 78 5 1 5 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "dependent or follower",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Gefolgsmann"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 78 5 1 5 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "dependent or follower",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Vasall"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 78 5 1 5 4",
"alt": "けらい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kerai",
"sense": "dependent or follower",
"word": "家来"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 78 5 1 5 4",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "dependent or follower",
"word": "hirdman"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 36 61 0 1 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A paid servant, especially one who has been employed for many years."
],
"id": "en-retainer-en-noun-ER8EoK--",
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "11 4 76 3 2 4",
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "nôukôr",
"sense": "paid servant",
"word": "নওকর"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 4 76 3 2 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sluga",
"sense": "paid servant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "слуга"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 4 76 3 2 4",
"code": "egy",
"lang": "Egyptian",
"roman": "šmsw",
"sense": "paid servant",
"word": "Sms-w"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 4 76 3 2 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "paid servant",
"word": "palvelija"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 4 76 3 2 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "paid servant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "serviteur"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 4 76 3 2 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "paid servant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Bediensteter"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 4 76 3 2 4",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shinka",
"sense": "paid servant",
"word": "臣下"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 4 76 3 2 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "slugá",
"sense": "paid servant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "слуга́"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 4 76 3 2 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "paid servant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "criado"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "This lawyer charges a retainer for his work.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A fee one pays to reserve the other's time for services."
],
"id": "en-retainer-en-noun-~VkaGMcz",
"links": [
[
"fee",
"fee#Noun"
],
[
"pays",
"pay#Verb"
],
[
"reserve",
"reserve#Verb"
],
[
"time",
"time#Noun"
],
[
"services",
"service#Noun"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "predplata",
"sense": "fee",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "предплата"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "fee",
"word": "ennakkopalkkio"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "fee",
"word": "ennakkomaksu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100 0 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "fee",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "avance"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100 0 0",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "fee",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "argid kianglee"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "predvarítelʹnyj gonorár",
"sense": "fee",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "предвари́тельный гонора́р"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Dentistry",
"orig": "en:Dentistry",
"parents": [
"Medicine",
"Teeth",
"Biology",
"Healthcare",
"Mouth",
"Sciences",
"Health",
"Face",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Head and neck",
"Fundamental",
"Body parts",
"Anatomy"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1981, “Too Drunk to Fuck”, performed by Dead Kennedys:",
"text": "You give me head / It makes it worse / Take out your fuckin' retainer / Put it in your purse",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A device that holds teeth in position after orthodontic treatment."
],
"id": "en-retainer-en-noun-lV-PFsxr",
"links": [
[
"dentistry",
"dentistry"
],
[
"teeth",
"teeth"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dentistry) A device that holds teeth in position after orthodontic treatment."
],
"topics": [
"dentistry",
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 1 93 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "dentistry: device",
"word": "retentiebeugel"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 1 93 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "dentistry: device",
"word": "hammastuki"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 1 93 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "dentistry: device",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "faux-palais"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 1 93 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "dentistry: device",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "contention"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 1 93 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "dentistry: device",
"word": "Retainer"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 1 93 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "dentistry: device",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Zahnspange"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 1 93 4",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "dentistry: device",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "regulering"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 1 93 4",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "dentistry: device",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "regulering"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 1 93 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "dentistry: device",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "aparat ortodontyczny"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 1 93 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "dentistry: device",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "aparelho"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 1 93 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "dentistry: device",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "retenedor"
}
]
},
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"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Mechanical engineering",
"orig": "en:Mechanical engineering",
"parents": [
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"Applied sciences",
"Technology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Rail transportation",
"orig": "en:Rail transportation",
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"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
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],
"glosses": [
"A retaining valve."
],
"id": "en-retainer-en-noun-R6k~JD7R",
"links": [
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"rail transport"
],
[
"mechanical engineering",
"mechanical engineering"
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[
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]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rail transport, mechanical engineering) A retaining valve."
],
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"mechanical",
"mechanical-engineering",
"natural-sciences",
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"rail-transport",
"railways",
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],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹɪˈteɪn.ə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-retainer.wav",
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},
{
"ipa": "/ɹɪˈteɪn.ɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹəˈteɪn.ɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪnə(ɹ)"
}
],
"word": "retainer"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
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"word": "general retainer"
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"tags": [
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"word": "brace"
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],
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"ref": "2021 October 19, David Graeber, David Wengrowr, “Unfreezing the ice age: the truth about humanity’s deep past”, in The Guardian, UK:",
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"(dentistry) A device that holds teeth in position after orthodontic treatment."
],
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},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪnə(ɹ)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zadrǎžka",
"sense": "any thing or person that retains",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "задръжка"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "any thing or person that retains",
"word": "pidike"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "any thing or person that retains",
"word": "pidäke"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sluga",
"sense": "dependent or follower",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "слуга"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vasal",
"sense": "dependent or follower",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "васал"
},
{
"code": "egy",
"lang": "Egyptian",
"roman": "šmsw",
"sense": "dependent or follower",
"word": "Sms-w"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "dependent or follower",
"word": "akompananto"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "dependent or follower",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "suite"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "dependent or follower",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Dienstmann"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "dependent or follower",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Gefolgsmann"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "dependent or follower",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Vasall"
},
{
"alt": "けらい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kerai",
"sense": "dependent or follower",
"word": "家来"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "dependent or follower",
"word": "hirdman"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "nôukôr",
"sense": "paid servant",
"word": "নওকর"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sluga",
"sense": "paid servant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "слуга"
},
{
"code": "egy",
"lang": "Egyptian",
"roman": "šmsw",
"sense": "paid servant",
"word": "Sms-w"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "paid servant",
"word": "palvelija"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "paid servant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "serviteur"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "paid servant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Bediensteter"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shinka",
"sense": "paid servant",
"word": "臣下"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "slugá",
"sense": "paid servant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "слуга́"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "paid servant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "criado"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "predplata",
"sense": "fee",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "предплата"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "fee",
"word": "ennakkopalkkio"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "fee",
"word": "ennakkomaksu"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "fee",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "avance"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "fee",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "argid kianglee"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "predvarítelʹnyj gonorár",
"sense": "fee",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "предвари́тельный гонора́р"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "dentistry: device",
"word": "retentiebeugel"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "dentistry: device",
"word": "hammastuki"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "dentistry: device",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "faux-palais"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "dentistry: device",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "contention"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "dentistry: device",
"word": "Retainer"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "dentistry: device",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Zahnspange"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "dentistry: device",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "regulering"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "dentistry: device",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "regulering"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "dentistry: device",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "aparat ortodontyczny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "dentistry: device",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "aparelho"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "dentistry: device",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "retenedor"
}
],
"word": "retainer"
}
Download raw JSONL data for retainer meaning in All languages combined (8.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (c15a5ce and 5c11237). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.