"rūskōną" meaning in All languages combined

See rūskōną on Wiktionary

Verb [Proto-Germanic]

Etymology: Uncertain, though apparently onomatopoeic of leaves moving in the wind. Others have taken the word as a variant (with formative k) of *rūsōną (“to storm, whiz, roar, make a noise, be fierce”), from Proto-Indo-European *rews-, *rewH- (“to move, drive, agitate”). Etymology templates: {{unc|gem-pro}} Uncertain, {{onomatopoeia|gem-pro|nocap=1}} onomatopoeic, {{der|gem-pro|ine-pro|*rews-}} Proto-Indo-European *rews- Inflection templates: {{gem-conj-wk2|rūsk}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], rūskō [active, first-person, indicative, singular], rūskǭ [active, first-person, singular, subjunctive], - [active, first-person, imperative, singular], rūskōi [first-person, indicative, passive, singular], - [first-person, passive, singular, subjunctive], rūskōsi [active, indicative, second-person, singular], rūskōs [active, second-person, singular, subjunctive], rūskō [active, imperative, second-person, singular], rūskōsai [indicative, passive, second-person, singular], rūskōsau [passive, second-person, singular, subjunctive], rūskōþi [active, indicative, singular, third-person], rūskō [active, singular, subjunctive, third-person], rūskōþau [active, imperative, singular, third-person], rūskōþai [indicative, passive, singular, third-person], rūskōþau [passive, singular, subjunctive, third-person], rūskōs [active, dual, first-person, indicative], rūskōw [active, dual, first-person, subjunctive], - [active, dual, first-person, imperative], - [dual, first-person, indicative, passive], - [dual, first-person, passive, subjunctive], rūskōþiz [active, dual, indicative, second-person], rūskōþiz [active, dual, second-person, subjunctive], rūskōþiz [active, dual, imperative, second-person], - [dual, indicative, passive, second-person], - [dual, passive, second-person, subjunctive], rūskōmaz [active, first-person, indicative, plural], rūskōm [active, first-person, plural, subjunctive], - [active, first-person, imperative, plural], rūskōnþai [first-person, indicative, passive, plural], rūskōnþau [first-person, passive, plural, subjunctive], rūskōþ [active, indicative, plural, second-person], rūskōþ [active, plural, second-person, subjunctive], rūskōþ [active, imperative, plural, second-person], rūskōnþai [indicative, passive, plural, second-person], rūskōnþau [passive, plural, second-person, subjunctive], rūskōnþi [active, indicative, plural, third-person], rūskōn [active, plural, subjunctive, third-person], rūskōnþau [active, imperative, plural, third-person], rūskōnþai [indicative, passive, plural, third-person], rūskōnþau [passive, plural, subjunctive, third-person], rūskōdǭ [active, first-person, indicative, singular], rūskōdēdį̄ [active, first-person, singular, subjunctive], rūskōdēz [active, indicative, second-person, singular], rūskōdēdīz [active, second-person, singular, subjunctive], rūskōdē [active, indicative, singular, third-person], rūskōdēdī [active, singular, subjunctive, third-person], rūskōdēdū [active, dual, first-person, indicative], rūskōdēdīw [active, dual, first-person, subjunctive], rūskōdēdudiz [active, dual, indicative, second-person], rūskōdēdīdiz [active, dual, second-person, subjunctive], rūskōdēdum [active, first-person, indicative, plural], rūskōdēdīm [active, first-person, plural, subjunctive], rūskōdēdud [active, indicative, plural, second-person], rūskōdēdīd [active, plural, second-person, subjunctive], rūskōdēdun [active, indicative, plural, third-person], rūskōdēdīn [active, plural, subjunctive, third-person], rūskōndz [active, participle, present], rūskōdaz [active, participle, past, subjunctive]
  1. to make a noise; whiz; whirr Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-rūskōną-gem-pro-verb-J-KyIW60 Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 47 53
  2. to startle Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-rūskōną-gem-pro-verb-YHcLAp4B Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-Germanic onomatopoeias Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 47 53 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 43 57 Disambiguation of Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 34 66 Disambiguation of Proto-Germanic onomatopoeias: 14 86
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: rauskijaz, ruskijaz
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "*rūsċian"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: *rūsċian",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: *rūsċian"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "rouschen",
            "3": "ruschen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: rouschen, ruschen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: rouschen, ruschen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "rush"
          },
          "expansion": "English: rush",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: rush"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "rousch",
            "3": "rusch",
            "4": "rush"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: rousch, rusch, rush",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: rousch, rusch, rush"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ofs",
            "2": "*rūskia"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Frisian: *rūskia",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Frisian: *rūskia"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "stq",
            "2": "ruuskje",
            "3": "rúuskje"
          },
          "expansion": "Saterland Frisian: ruuskje, rúuskje",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Saterland Frisian: ruuskje, rúuskje"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "*rūskōn"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: *rūskōn",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: *rūskōn"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "rûschen",
            "3": "rûsken",
            "4": "rusken"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: rûschen, rûsken, rusken",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: rûschen, rûsken, rusken"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nds-de",
            "2": "ruuschen",
            "3": "rüüschen"
          },
          "expansion": "German Low German: ruuschen, rüüschen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German Low German: ruuschen, rüüschen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nds",
            "2": "rusken"
          },
          "expansion": "Low German: rusken",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Low German: rusken"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "*rūskōn"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: *rūskōn",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: *rūskōn"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "ruuschen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Dutch: ruuschen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Dutch: ruuschen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "ruisen"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: ruisen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: ruisen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "*rūskōn"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: *rūskōn",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: *rūskōn"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "rūschen",
            "3": "riuschen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle High German: rūschen, riuschen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle High German: rūschen, riuschen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "rauschen"
          },
          "expansion": "German: rauschen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: rauschen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hrx",
            "2": "rausche"
          },
          "expansion": "Hunsrik: rausche",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Hunsrik: rausche"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "geriusche",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Middle High German: geriusche",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Middle High German: geriusche"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gsw",
            "2": "Grüüsch"
          },
          "expansion": "Alemannic German: Grüüsch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Alemannic German: Grüüsch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "Geräusch"
          },
          "expansion": "German: Geräusch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: Geräusch"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro"
      },
      "expansion": "Uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "onomatopoeic",
      "name": "onomatopoeia"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*rews-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *rews-",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Uncertain, though apparently onomatopoeic of leaves moving in the wind.\nOthers have taken the word as a variant (with formative k) of *rūsōną (“to storm, whiz, roar, make a noise, be fierce”), from Proto-Indo-European *rews-, *rewH- (“to move, drive, agitate”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-conj-wk2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōsi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōsai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōsau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōnþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōnþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōnþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōnþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōnþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōnþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōnþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōnþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōdǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōdēdį̄",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōdēz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōdēdīz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōdē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōdēdī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōdēdū",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōdēdīw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōdēdudiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōdēdīdiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōdēdum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōdēdīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōdēdud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōdēdīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōdēdun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōdēdīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōndz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōdaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "rūsk"
      },
      "name": "gem-conj-wk2"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/rūskōną",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "rauskijaz"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "ruskijaz"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "47 53",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to make a noise; whiz; whirr"
      ],
      "id": "en-rūskōną-gem-pro-verb-J-KyIW60",
      "links": [
        [
          "noise",
          "noise"
        ],
        [
          "whiz",
          "whiz"
        ],
        [
          "whirr",
          "whirr"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "47 53",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "43 57",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "34 66",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 86",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic onomatopoeias",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to startle"
      ],
      "id": "en-rūskōną-gem-pro-verb-YHcLAp4B",
      "links": [
        [
          "startle",
          "startle"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Akademie-Verlag",
    "Berlin",
    "Wolfgang Pfeifer (etymologist)"
  ],
  "word": "rūskōną"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Proto-Germanic class 2 weak verbs",
    "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
    "Proto-Germanic onomatopoeias",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Germanic terms with unknown etymologies",
    "Proto-Germanic verbs"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "*rūsċian"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: *rūsċian",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: *rūsċian"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "rouschen",
            "3": "ruschen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: rouschen, ruschen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: rouschen, ruschen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "rush"
          },
          "expansion": "English: rush",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: rush"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "rousch",
            "3": "rusch",
            "4": "rush"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: rousch, rusch, rush",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: rousch, rusch, rush"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ofs",
            "2": "*rūskia"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Frisian: *rūskia",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Frisian: *rūskia"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "stq",
            "2": "ruuskje",
            "3": "rúuskje"
          },
          "expansion": "Saterland Frisian: ruuskje, rúuskje",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Saterland Frisian: ruuskje, rúuskje"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "*rūskōn"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: *rūskōn",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: *rūskōn"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "rûschen",
            "3": "rûsken",
            "4": "rusken"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: rûschen, rûsken, rusken",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: rûschen, rûsken, rusken"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nds-de",
            "2": "ruuschen",
            "3": "rüüschen"
          },
          "expansion": "German Low German: ruuschen, rüüschen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German Low German: ruuschen, rüüschen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nds",
            "2": "rusken"
          },
          "expansion": "Low German: rusken",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Low German: rusken"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "*rūskōn"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: *rūskōn",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: *rūskōn"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "ruuschen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Dutch: ruuschen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Dutch: ruuschen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "ruisen"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: ruisen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: ruisen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "*rūskōn"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: *rūskōn",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: *rūskōn"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "rūschen",
            "3": "riuschen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle High German: rūschen, riuschen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle High German: rūschen, riuschen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "rauschen"
          },
          "expansion": "German: rauschen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: rauschen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hrx",
            "2": "rausche"
          },
          "expansion": "Hunsrik: rausche",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Hunsrik: rausche"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "geriusche",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Middle High German: geriusche",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Middle High German: geriusche"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gsw",
            "2": "Grüüsch"
          },
          "expansion": "Alemannic German: Grüüsch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Alemannic German: Grüüsch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "Geräusch"
          },
          "expansion": "German: Geräusch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: Geräusch"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro"
      },
      "expansion": "Uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "onomatopoeic",
      "name": "onomatopoeia"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*rews-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *rews-",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Uncertain, though apparently onomatopoeic of leaves moving in the wind.\nOthers have taken the word as a variant (with formative k) of *rūsōną (“to storm, whiz, roar, make a noise, be fierce”), from Proto-Indo-European *rews-, *rewH- (“to move, drive, agitate”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-conj-wk2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōsi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōsai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōsau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōnþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōnþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōnþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōnþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōnþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōnþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōnþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōnþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōdǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōdēdį̄",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōdēz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōdēdīz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōdē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōdēdī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōdēdū",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōdēdīw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōdēdudiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōdēdīdiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōdēdum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōdēdīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōdēdud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōdēdīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōdēdun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōdēdīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōndz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rūskōdaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "rūsk"
      },
      "name": "gem-conj-wk2"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/rūskōną",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "rauskijaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "ruskijaz"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to make a noise; whiz; whirr"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "noise",
          "noise"
        ],
        [
          "whiz",
          "whiz"
        ],
        [
          "whirr",
          "whirr"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to startle"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "startle",
          "startle"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Akademie-Verlag",
    "Berlin",
    "Wolfgang Pfeifer (etymologist)"
  ],
  "word": "rūskōną"
}

Download raw JSONL data for rūskōną meaning in All languages combined (11.2kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-20 using wiktextract (3dadd05 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.