See rūmōniz on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍂𐌿𐌼𐍉𐌽𐍃",
"tr": "rūmōns"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐍂𐌿𐌼𐍉𐌽𐍃 (rūmōns)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐍂𐌿𐌼𐍉𐌽𐍃 (rūmōns)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "la",
"3": "Rōmānī"
},
"expansion": "Latin Rōmānī",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Back-formed from the plural *Rūmōnīz, from Latin Rōmānī, itself the plural of Rōmānus.\nAt the time of borrowing, *ō was still pronounced as a more open vowel ā, probably /ɒː/. Since Proto-Germanic did not possess a long *ō at that time, the closest vowel to the Latin ō was Proto-Germanic *ū. Therefore, the word was probably borrowed from Latin as *Rūmānīz. At that time, Proto-Germanic had not yet completed the full shift from ā to ō, since the shift affected this loanword as well when it did occur, changing *Rūmānīz to *Rūmōnīz. This provides evidence that the shift occurred around or shortly after the first contact between Romans and Germanic tribes, which cannot have been later than the Battle of Noreia in 112 BCE.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "i-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "rūmōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūmōnīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūmōni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rūmōnīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rūmōnį",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūmōninz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūmōnīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūmōnijǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūmōnī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūmōnimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūmōnī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūmōnimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/rūmōniz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "East Proto-Germanic",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Near-synonym: *walhaz"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a Roman"
],
"id": "en-rūmōniz-gem-pro-noun-hAtScRWu",
"links": [
[
"Roman",
"Roman"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(East Germanic) a Roman"
],
"related": [
{
"word": "Rūmō"
}
],
"tags": [
"East",
"Germanic",
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈruː.mɔː.niz/"
}
],
"word": "rūmōniz"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍂𐌿𐌼𐍉𐌽𐍃",
"tr": "rūmōns"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐍂𐌿𐌼𐍉𐌽𐍃 (rūmōns)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐍂𐌿𐌼𐍉𐌽𐍃 (rūmōns)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "la",
"3": "Rōmānī"
},
"expansion": "Latin Rōmānī",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Back-formed from the plural *Rūmōnīz, from Latin Rōmānī, itself the plural of Rōmānus.\nAt the time of borrowing, *ō was still pronounced as a more open vowel ā, probably /ɒː/. Since Proto-Germanic did not possess a long *ō at that time, the closest vowel to the Latin ō was Proto-Germanic *ū. Therefore, the word was probably borrowed from Latin as *Rūmānīz. At that time, Proto-Germanic had not yet completed the full shift from ā to ō, since the shift affected this loanword as well when it did occur, changing *Rūmānīz to *Rūmōnīz. This provides evidence that the shift occurred around or shortly after the first contact between Romans and Germanic tribes, which cannot have been later than the Battle of Noreia in 112 BCE.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "i-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "rūmōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūmōnīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūmōni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rūmōnīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rūmōnį",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūmōninz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūmōnīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūmōnijǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūmōnī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūmōnimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūmōnī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūmōnimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/rūmōniz",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "Rūmō"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"East Proto-Germanic",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic i-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Latin",
"gem-pro:Ethnonyms"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Near-synonym: *walhaz"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a Roman"
],
"links": [
[
"Roman",
"Roman"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(East Germanic) a Roman"
],
"tags": [
"East",
"Germanic",
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈruː.mɔː.niz/"
}
],
"word": "rūmōniz"
}
Download raw JSONL data for rūmōniz meaning in All languages combined (3.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.