"pulvis" meaning in All languages combined

See pulvis on Wiktionary

Noun [Latin]

IPA: /ˈpul.u̯is/ [Classical], [ˈpʊɫ̪u̯ɪs̠] [Classical], /ˈpul.vis/ (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical), [ˈpulvis] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“flour, dust”). Cognates * Latin pollen * Sanskrit पलाल (palāla) * Ancient Greek πάλη (pálē, “dust, meal”) * Albanian pluhur, Gheg Albanian pluhun (possibly) * Lithuanian pelenai * Russian пепел (pepel) * Old Church Slavonic попелъ (popelŭ), пепелъ (pepelŭ) Etymology templates: {{der|la|ine-pro|*pel-||flour, dust|id=flour}} Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“flour, dust”), {{cog|la|pollen}} Latin pollen, {{cog|sa|पलाल}} Sanskrit पलाल (palāla), {{cog|grc|πάλη||dust, meal}} Ancient Greek πάλη (pálē, “dust, meal”), {{cog|sq|pluhur}} Albanian pluhur, {{cog|aln|pluhun}} Gheg Albanian pluhun, {{q|possibly}} (possibly), {{cog|lt|pelenai}} Lithuanian pelenai, {{cog|ru|пепел}} Russian пепел (pepel), {{cog|cu|попелъ}} Old Church Slavonic попелъ (popelŭ), {{m|cu|пепелъ}} пепелъ (pepelŭ) Head templates: {{la-noun|pulvis/pulver<3>|g=m}} pulvis m (genitive pulveris); third declension Inflection templates: {{la-ndecl|pulvis/pulver<3>}} Forms: pulveris [genitive], no-table-tags [table-tags], pulvis [nominative, singular], pulverēs [nominative, plural], pulveris [genitive, singular], pulverum [genitive, plural], pulverī [dative, singular], pulveribus [dative, plural], pulverem [accusative, singular], pulverēs [accusative, plural], pulvere [ablative, singular], pulveribus [ablative, plural], pulvis [singular, vocative], pulverēs [plural, vocative]
  1. dust, powder, ashes Tags: declension-3, feminine, masculine, sometimes
    Sense id: en-pulvis-la-noun-fRPiA-SA Categories (other): Latin entries with incorrect language header, Latin masculine nouns in the third declension Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 23 38 39 Disambiguation of Latin masculine nouns in the third declension: 31 38 32
  2. (figuratively) an arena, place of contest Tags: declension-3, feminine, figuratively, masculine, sometimes
    Sense id: en-pulvis-la-noun-Xh8eWawL Categories (other): Latin entries with incorrect language header, Latin masculine nouns in the third declension Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 23 38 39 Disambiguation of Latin masculine nouns in the third declension: 31 38 32
  3. toil, effort, labor Tags: declension-3, feminine, masculine, sometimes Synonyms: cōnātus, studium, opus, mōlīmen, opera, labor, cūra, intēnsiō, mōlēs
    Sense id: en-pulvis-la-noun-ODXYw4rd Categories (other): Latin entries with incorrect language header, Latin masculine nouns in the third declension Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 23 38 39 Disambiguation of Latin masculine nouns in the third declension: 31 38 32
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: pulverulentus, pulvīnus, pulvisia, *pulvus

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for pulvis meaning in All languages combined (10.0kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "pulverulentus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "pulvīnus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "pulvisia"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "*pulvus"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Balkan Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rup",
            "2": "pulbiri",
            "alts": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Aromanian: pulbiri, pulbire, pulviri, pulvire, pluburi",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Aromanian: pulbiri, pulbire, pulviri, pulvire, pluburi"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ro",
            "2": "pulbere"
          },
          "expansion": "Romanian: pulbere",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Romanian: pulbere"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Dalmatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dlm",
            "2": "pulvro"
          },
          "expansion": "pulvro",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "pulvro"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Italo-Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "polve",
            "3": "polvere"
          },
          "expansion": "Italian: polve, polvere",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Italian: polve, polvere"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "porvere",
            "3": "porvare",
            "4": "polvare",
            "nolb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "porvere, porvare, polvare",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Central Italian: porvere, porvare, polvare"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "polvere",
            "3": "porvare",
            "4": "polvare",
            "nolb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "polvere, porvare, polvare",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Tuscan: polvere, porvare, polvare"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nap",
            "2": "polva",
            "3": "porva",
            "4": "povere"
          },
          "expansion": "Neapolitan: polva, porva, povere",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Neapolitan: polva, porva, povere"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sdc",
            "2": "piuvaru"
          },
          "expansion": "Sassarese: piuvaru",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sassarese: piuvaru"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "scn",
            "2": "pùrbiri"
          },
          "expansion": "Sicilian: pùrbiri",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sicilian: pùrbiri"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "North Italian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fur",
            "2": "polvar"
          },
          "expansion": "Friulian: polvar",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Friulian: polvar"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fur",
            "2": "pulvaro",
            "3": "puvoro",
            "nolb": "1",
            "qq2": "Dignano"
          },
          "expansion": "pulvaro, puvoro (Dignano)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "pulvaro, puvoro (Dignano)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lld",
            "2": "polver"
          },
          "expansion": "Ladin: polver",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ladin: polver"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lmo",
            "2": "polver"
          },
          "expansion": "Lombard: polver",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lombard: polver"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lij",
            "2": "pover"
          },
          "expansion": "Ligurian: pover",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Ligurian: pover"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lij",
            "2": "puvie"
          },
          "expansion": "Ligurian: puvie",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ligurian: puvie"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pms",
            "2": "póer",
            "3": "póver"
          },
          "expansion": "Piedmontese: póer, póver",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Piedmontese: póer, póver"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rm",
            "2": "pulver"
          },
          "expansion": "Romansch: pulver",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Romansch: pulver"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vec",
            "2": "polvar",
            "3": "polvere"
          },
          "expansion": "Venetian: polvar, polvere",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Venetian: polvar, polvere"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Insular Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sc",
            "2": "pruere",
            "3": "pruine",
            "4": "pruini",
            "qq2": "Logudorese",
            "qq3": "Campidanese"
          },
          "expansion": "Sardinian: pruere, pruine (Logudorese), pruini (Campidanese)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sardinian: pruere, pruine (Logudorese), pruini (Campidanese)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sq",
            "2": "pljúhur",
            "3": "bulbër",
            "bor": "1",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→? Albanian: pljúhur, bulbër",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→? Albanian: pljúhur, bulbër"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*pulver",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Proto-West Germanic: *pulver",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Proto-West Germanic: *pulver (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cy",
            "2": "pylor",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Welsh: pylor",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Welsh: pylor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*pel-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "flour, dust",
        "id": "flour"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“flour, dust”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "pollen"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin pollen",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "पलाल"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit पलाल (palāla)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "πάλη",
        "3": "",
        "4": "dust, meal"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek πάλη (pálē, “dust, meal”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sq",
        "2": "pluhur"
      },
      "expansion": "Albanian pluhur",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "aln",
        "2": "pluhun"
      },
      "expansion": "Gheg Albanian pluhun",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "possibly"
      },
      "expansion": "(possibly)",
      "name": "q"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "pelenai"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian pelenai",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "пепел"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian пепел (pepel)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cu",
        "2": "попелъ"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic попелъ (popelŭ)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cu",
        "2": "пепелъ"
      },
      "expansion": "пепелъ (pepelŭ)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“flour, dust”).\nCognates\n* Latin pollen\n* Sanskrit पलाल (palāla)\n* Ancient Greek πάλη (pálē, “dust, meal”)\n* Albanian pluhur, Gheg Albanian pluhun (possibly)\n* Lithuanian pelenai\n* Russian пепел (pepel)\n* Old Church Slavonic попелъ (popelŭ), пепелъ (pepelŭ)",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pulveris",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulvis",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulverēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulveris",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulverum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulverī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulveribus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulverem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulverēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulvere",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulveribus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulvis",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulverēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pulvis/pulver<3>",
        "g": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "pulvis m (genitive pulveris); third declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pulvis/pulver<3>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "23 38 39",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "31 38 32",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "“Release [my body] into the Tiber [River], so that, carried by the waves of the Tiber, I may go as lifeless dust to the Inachian shore.”",
          "ref": "8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 5.655–656",
          "roman": "lītus ad Īnachium pulvis inānis eam.’",
          "text": "‘mittite mē in Tiberim, Tiberīnīs vectus ut undīs"
        },
        {
          "english": "Dust thou art, and unto dust shalt thou return (King James ver.)",
          "ref": "405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Genesis.3.19",
          "text": "pulvis es et in pulverem revertēris."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "dust, powder, ashes"
      ],
      "id": "en-pulvis-la-noun-fRPiA-SA",
      "links": [
        [
          "dust",
          "dust"
        ],
        [
          "powder",
          "powder"
        ],
        [
          "ashes",
          "ashes"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "sometimes"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "23 38 39",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "31 38 32",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "an arena, place of contest"
      ],
      "id": "en-pulvis-la-noun-Xh8eWawL",
      "links": [
        [
          "arena",
          "arena"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively) an arena, place of contest"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3",
        "feminine",
        "figuratively",
        "masculine",
        "sometimes"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "23 38 39",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "31 38 32",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "toil, effort, labor"
      ],
      "id": "en-pulvis-la-noun-ODXYw4rd",
      "links": [
        [
          "toil",
          "toil"
        ],
        [
          "effort",
          "effort"
        ],
        [
          "labor",
          "labor"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "cōnātus"
        },
        {
          "word": "studium"
        },
        {
          "word": "opus"
        },
        {
          "word": "mōlīmen"
        },
        {
          "word": "opera"
        },
        {
          "word": "labor"
        },
        {
          "word": "cūra"
        },
        {
          "word": "intēnsiō"
        },
        {
          "word": "mōlēs"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "sometimes"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpul.u̯is/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpʊɫ̪u̯ɪs̠]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpul.vis/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpulvis]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico"
  ],
  "word": "pulvis"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 2-syllable words",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin masculine nouns",
    "Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
    "Latin nouns",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Latin third declension nouns"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "pulverulentus"
    },
    {
      "word": "pulvīnus"
    },
    {
      "word": "pulvisia"
    },
    {
      "word": "*pulvus"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Balkan Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rup",
            "2": "pulbiri",
            "alts": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Aromanian: pulbiri, pulbire, pulviri, pulvire, pluburi",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Aromanian: pulbiri, pulbire, pulviri, pulvire, pluburi"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ro",
            "2": "pulbere"
          },
          "expansion": "Romanian: pulbere",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Romanian: pulbere"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Dalmatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dlm",
            "2": "pulvro"
          },
          "expansion": "pulvro",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "pulvro"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Italo-Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "polve",
            "3": "polvere"
          },
          "expansion": "Italian: polve, polvere",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Italian: polve, polvere"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "porvere",
            "3": "porvare",
            "4": "polvare",
            "nolb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "porvere, porvare, polvare",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Central Italian: porvere, porvare, polvare"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "polvere",
            "3": "porvare",
            "4": "polvare",
            "nolb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "polvere, porvare, polvare",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Tuscan: polvere, porvare, polvare"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nap",
            "2": "polva",
            "3": "porva",
            "4": "povere"
          },
          "expansion": "Neapolitan: polva, porva, povere",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Neapolitan: polva, porva, povere"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sdc",
            "2": "piuvaru"
          },
          "expansion": "Sassarese: piuvaru",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sassarese: piuvaru"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "scn",
            "2": "pùrbiri"
          },
          "expansion": "Sicilian: pùrbiri",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sicilian: pùrbiri"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "North Italian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fur",
            "2": "polvar"
          },
          "expansion": "Friulian: polvar",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Friulian: polvar"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fur",
            "2": "pulvaro",
            "3": "puvoro",
            "nolb": "1",
            "qq2": "Dignano"
          },
          "expansion": "pulvaro, puvoro (Dignano)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "pulvaro, puvoro (Dignano)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lld",
            "2": "polver"
          },
          "expansion": "Ladin: polver",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ladin: polver"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lmo",
            "2": "polver"
          },
          "expansion": "Lombard: polver",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lombard: polver"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lij",
            "2": "pover"
          },
          "expansion": "Ligurian: pover",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Ligurian: pover"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lij",
            "2": "puvie"
          },
          "expansion": "Ligurian: puvie",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ligurian: puvie"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pms",
            "2": "póer",
            "3": "póver"
          },
          "expansion": "Piedmontese: póer, póver",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Piedmontese: póer, póver"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rm",
            "2": "pulver"
          },
          "expansion": "Romansch: pulver",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Romansch: pulver"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vec",
            "2": "polvar",
            "3": "polvere"
          },
          "expansion": "Venetian: polvar, polvere",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Venetian: polvar, polvere"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Insular Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sc",
            "2": "pruere",
            "3": "pruine",
            "4": "pruini",
            "qq2": "Logudorese",
            "qq3": "Campidanese"
          },
          "expansion": "Sardinian: pruere, pruine (Logudorese), pruini (Campidanese)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sardinian: pruere, pruine (Logudorese), pruini (Campidanese)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sq",
            "2": "pljúhur",
            "3": "bulbër",
            "bor": "1",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→? Albanian: pljúhur, bulbër",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→? Albanian: pljúhur, bulbër"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*pulver",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Proto-West Germanic: *pulver",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Proto-West Germanic: *pulver (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cy",
            "2": "pylor",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Welsh: pylor",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Welsh: pylor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*pel-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "flour, dust",
        "id": "flour"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“flour, dust”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "pollen"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin pollen",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "पलाल"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit पलाल (palāla)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "πάλη",
        "3": "",
        "4": "dust, meal"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek πάλη (pálē, “dust, meal”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sq",
        "2": "pluhur"
      },
      "expansion": "Albanian pluhur",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "aln",
        "2": "pluhun"
      },
      "expansion": "Gheg Albanian pluhun",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "possibly"
      },
      "expansion": "(possibly)",
      "name": "q"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "pelenai"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian pelenai",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "пепел"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian пепел (pepel)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cu",
        "2": "попелъ"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic попелъ (popelŭ)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cu",
        "2": "пепелъ"
      },
      "expansion": "пепелъ (pepelŭ)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“flour, dust”).\nCognates\n* Latin pollen\n* Sanskrit पलाल (palāla)\n* Ancient Greek πάλη (pálē, “dust, meal”)\n* Albanian pluhur, Gheg Albanian pluhun (possibly)\n* Lithuanian pelenai\n* Russian пепел (pepel)\n* Old Church Slavonic попелъ (popelŭ), пепелъ (pepelŭ)",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pulveris",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulvis",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulverēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulveris",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulverum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulverī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulveribus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulverem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulverēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulvere",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulveribus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulvis",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulverēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pulvis/pulver<3>",
        "g": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "pulvis m (genitive pulveris); third declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pulvis/pulver<3>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latin terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "“Release [my body] into the Tiber [River], so that, carried by the waves of the Tiber, I may go as lifeless dust to the Inachian shore.”",
          "ref": "8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 5.655–656",
          "roman": "lītus ad Īnachium pulvis inānis eam.’",
          "text": "‘mittite mē in Tiberim, Tiberīnīs vectus ut undīs"
        },
        {
          "english": "Dust thou art, and unto dust shalt thou return (King James ver.)",
          "ref": "405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Genesis.3.19",
          "text": "pulvis es et in pulverem revertēris."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "dust, powder, ashes"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "dust",
          "dust"
        ],
        [
          "powder",
          "powder"
        ],
        [
          "ashes",
          "ashes"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "sometimes"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "an arena, place of contest"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "arena",
          "arena"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively) an arena, place of contest"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3",
        "feminine",
        "figuratively",
        "masculine",
        "sometimes"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "toil, effort, labor"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "toil",
          "toil"
        ],
        [
          "effort",
          "effort"
        ],
        [
          "labor",
          "labor"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "cōnātus"
        },
        {
          "word": "studium"
        },
        {
          "word": "opus"
        },
        {
          "word": "mōlīmen"
        },
        {
          "word": "opera"
        },
        {
          "word": "labor"
        },
        {
          "word": "cūra"
        },
        {
          "word": "intēnsiō"
        },
        {
          "word": "mōlēs"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "sometimes"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpul.u̯is/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpʊɫ̪u̯ɪs̠]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpul.vis/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpulvis]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico"
  ],
  "word": "pulvis"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.