"priča" meaning in All languages combined

See priča on Wiktionary

Noun [Serbo-Croatian]

IPA: /prîːt͡ʃa/
Etymology: Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pritъča (“tale”), from *pritъknǫti sę (“to happen”). Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|sh|sla-pro|*pritъča||tale|g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Proto-Slavic *pritъča (“tale”), {{inh+|sh|sla-pro|*pritъča||tale}} Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pritъča (“tale”), {{m|sla-pro|*pritъknǫti sę||to happen}} *pritъknǫti sę (“to happen”) Head templates: {{sh-noun|g=f|head=prȋča}} prȋča f (Cyrillic spelling при̑ча) Inflection templates: {{sh-decl-noun|priča|priče|priče|priča|priči|pričama|priču|priče|pričo|priče|priči|pričama|pričom|pričama}} Forms: prȋča [canonical, feminine], при̑ча [Cyrillic], no-table-tags [table-tags], priča [nominative, singular], priče [nominative, plural], priče [genitive, singular], priča [genitive, plural], priči [dative, singular], pričama [dative, plural], priču [accusative, singular], priče [accusative, plural], pričo [singular, vocative], priče [plural, vocative], priči [locative, singular], pričama [locative, plural], pričom [instrumental, singular], pričama [instrumental, plural]
  1. story, tale Categories (topical): Fiction
    Sense id: en-priča-sh-noun-0xnU5tA- Disambiguation of Fiction: 60 28 12
  2. idle talk, prattle Categories (topical): Talking
    Sense id: en-priča-sh-noun-KaK-7IWk Disambiguation of Talking: 8 78 15 Categories (other): Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header: 18 60 21
  3. rumor, hearsay
    Sense id: en-priča-sh-noun-6PaGdTYX
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: príčati, bajka

Noun [Slovene]

IPA: /prìːt͡ʃa/
Etymology: From Proto-Slavic *pritъča. Etymology templates: {{inh|sl|sla-pro|*pritъča}} Proto-Slavic *pritъča Head templates: {{sl-noun|príča|f}} príča f Inflection templates: {{sl-decl-noun-f|príč}} Forms: príča [canonical, feminine], no-table-tags [table-tags], The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks., no-table-tags [table-tags], príča [nominative, singular], príči [dual, nominative], príče [nominative, plural], príče [genitive, singular], príč [dual, genitive], príč [genitive, plural], príči [dative, singular], príčama [dative, dual], príčam [dative, plural], príčo [accusative, singular], príči [accusative, dual], príče [accusative, plural], príči [locative, singular], príčah [dual, locative], príčah [locative, plural], príčo [instrumental, singular], príčama [dual, instrumental], príčami [instrumental, plural]
  1. witness
    Sense id: en-priča-sl-noun-uhxWakut Categories (other): Slovene entries with incorrect language header

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for priča meaning in All languages combined (6.6kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sh",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*pritъča",
        "4": "",
        "5": "tale",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *pritъča (“tale”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sh",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*pritъča",
        "4": "",
        "5": "tale"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pritъča (“tale”)",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*pritъknǫti sę",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to happen"
      },
      "expansion": "*pritъknǫti sę (“to happen”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pritъča (“tale”), from *pritъknǫti sę (“to happen”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "prȋča",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "при̑ча",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sh-decl-noun\n",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "priča",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "priče",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "priče",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "priča",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "priči",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pričama",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "priču",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "priče",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pričo",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "priče",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "priči",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pričama",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pričom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pričama",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "g": "f",
        "head": "prȋča"
      },
      "expansion": "prȋča f (Cyrillic spelling при̑ча)",
      "name": "sh-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "pri‧ča"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "priča",
        "10": "priče",
        "11": "priči",
        "12": "pričama",
        "13": "pričom",
        "14": "pričama",
        "2": "priče",
        "3": "priče",
        "4": "priča",
        "5": "priči",
        "6": "pričama",
        "7": "priču",
        "8": "priče",
        "9": "pričo"
      },
      "name": "sh-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
  "lang_code": "sh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "príčati"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "bajka"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "60 28 12",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "sh",
          "name": "Fiction",
          "orig": "sh:Fiction",
          "parents": [
            "Artistic works",
            "Art",
            "Culture",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "story, tale"
      ],
      "id": "en-priča-sh-noun-0xnU5tA-",
      "links": [
        [
          "story",
          "story"
        ],
        [
          "tale",
          "tale"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "18 60 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 78 15",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "sh",
          "name": "Talking",
          "orig": "sh:Talking",
          "parents": [
            "Human behaviour",
            "Language",
            "Human",
            "Communication",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "idle talk, prattle"
      ],
      "id": "en-priča-sh-noun-KaK-7IWk",
      "links": [
        [
          "talk",
          "talk"
        ],
        [
          "prattle",
          "prattle"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "rumor, hearsay"
      ],
      "id": "en-priča-sh-noun-6PaGdTYX",
      "links": [
        [
          "rumor",
          "rumor"
        ],
        [
          "hearsay",
          "hearsay"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/prîːt͡ʃa/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "priča"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*pritъča"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *pritъča",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Slavic *pritъča.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "príča",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sl-decl-noun-f",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker",
      "source": "inflection"
    },
    {
      "form": "please help by adding the tonal marks.",
      "source": "inflection"
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sl-decl-noun-f",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "príča",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "príči",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "príče",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "príče",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "príč",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "príč",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "príči",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "príčama",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "príčam",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "príčo",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "príči",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "príče",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "príči",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "príčah",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "príčah",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "príčo",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "príčama",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "príčami",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "príča",
        "2": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "príča f",
      "name": "sl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "príč"
      },
      "name": "sl-decl-noun-f"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Slovene",
  "lang_code": "sl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Slovene entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "witness"
      ],
      "id": "en-priča-sl-noun-uhxWakut",
      "links": [
        [
          "witness",
          "witness"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/prìːt͡ʃa/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "priča"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Serbo-Croatian feminine nouns",
    "Serbo-Croatian lemmas",
    "Serbo-Croatian nouns",
    "Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
    "Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
    "Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "sh:Fiction",
    "sh:Talking"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sh",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*pritъča",
        "4": "",
        "5": "tale",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *pritъča (“tale”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sh",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*pritъča",
        "4": "",
        "5": "tale"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pritъča (“tale”)",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*pritъknǫti sę",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to happen"
      },
      "expansion": "*pritъknǫti sę (“to happen”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pritъča (“tale”), from *pritъknǫti sę (“to happen”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "prȋča",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "при̑ча",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sh-decl-noun\n",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "priča",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "priče",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "priče",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "priča",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "priči",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pričama",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "priču",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "priče",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pričo",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "priče",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "priči",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pričama",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pričom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pričama",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "g": "f",
        "head": "prȋča"
      },
      "expansion": "prȋča f (Cyrillic spelling при̑ча)",
      "name": "sh-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "pri‧ča"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "priča",
        "10": "priče",
        "11": "priči",
        "12": "pričama",
        "13": "pričom",
        "14": "pričama",
        "2": "priče",
        "3": "priče",
        "4": "priča",
        "5": "priči",
        "6": "pričama",
        "7": "priču",
        "8": "priče",
        "9": "pričo"
      },
      "name": "sh-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
  "lang_code": "sh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "príčati"
    },
    {
      "word": "bajka"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "story, tale"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "story",
          "story"
        ],
        [
          "tale",
          "tale"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "idle talk, prattle"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "talk",
          "talk"
        ],
        [
          "prattle",
          "prattle"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "rumor, hearsay"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "rumor",
          "rumor"
        ],
        [
          "hearsay",
          "hearsay"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/prîːt͡ʃa/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "priča"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*pritъča"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *pritъča",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Slavic *pritъča.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "príča",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sl-decl-noun-f",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker",
      "source": "inflection"
    },
    {
      "form": "please help by adding the tonal marks.",
      "source": "inflection"
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sl-decl-noun-f",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "príča",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "príči",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "príče",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "príče",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "príč",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "príč",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "príči",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "príčama",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "príčam",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "príčo",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "príči",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "príče",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "príči",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "príčah",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "príčah",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "príčo",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "príčama",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "príčami",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "príča",
        "2": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "príča f",
      "name": "sl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "príč"
      },
      "name": "sl-decl-noun-f"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Slovene",
  "lang_code": "sl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Slovene 2-syllable words",
        "Slovene entries with incorrect language header",
        "Slovene feminine a-stem nouns",
        "Slovene feminine nouns",
        "Slovene lemmas",
        "Slovene nouns",
        "Slovene terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
        "Slovene terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
        "Slovene terms with IPA pronunciation"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "witness"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "witness",
          "witness"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/prìːt͡ʃa/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "priča"
}
{
  "called_from": "inflection/1826",
  "msg": "inflection table: empty tags for The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker",
  "path": [
    "priča"
  ],
  "section": "Slovene",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "priča",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/1826",
  "msg": "inflection table: empty tags for please help by adding the tonal marks.",
  "path": [
    "priča"
  ],
  "section": "Slovene",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "priča",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.