"pnigalion" meaning in All languages combined

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "NL.",
        "3": "pnīgalion"
      },
      "expansion": "New Latin pnīgalion",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "πνῑγαλίων",
        "t": "nightmare"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek πνῑγαλίων (pnīgalíōn, “nightmare”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From New Latin pnīgalion, from Ancient Greek πνῑγαλίων (pnīgalíōn, “nightmare”), from πνῑ́γω (pnī́gō, “to throttle, strangle”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "pnigalion (uncountable)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "47 53",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "49 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2011, Shelley R. Adler, Sleep Paralysis, page 41:",
          "text": "Because the Greeks considered being choked or strangled to be one consequence of a night-mare attack, the entity was also called pnigalion (“throttler”).",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2012, Arthur Goldstuck, The Ghost That Closed Down The Town:",
          "text": "Their guest list of night-time intruders includes: […] the Greek ephialtes ( one who leaps upon ) , mora ( the night 'mare' or monster), pnigalion ( the choker ) and barychnas (the heavy breather); […]",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2015, Nandita Chaube, Spirituality and Human Psyche:",
          "text": "Greeks had the pnigalion (the choker) and the barychnas (the heavy breather) troubling the sleepers (Keissling, 1977).",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A nocturnal monster in Ancient Greece that would choke its victims; incubus; nightmare."
      ],
      "id": "en-pnigalion-en-noun-zALd0ZVt",
      "links": [
        [
          "nocturnal",
          "nocturnal"
        ],
        [
          "monster",
          "monster"
        ],
        [
          "choke",
          "choke"
        ],
        [
          "victim",
          "victim"
        ],
        [
          "incubus",
          "incubus"
        ],
        [
          "nightmare",
          "nightmare"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(historical) A nocturnal monster in Ancient Greece that would choke its victims; incubus; nightmare."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "historical",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Medicine",
          "orig": "en:Medicine",
          "parents": [
            "Biology",
            "Healthcare",
            "Sciences",
            "Health",
            "All topics",
            "Body",
            "Fundamental"
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          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "40 60",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
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          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "47 53",
          "kind": "other",
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          "_dis": "49 51",
          "kind": "other",
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        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1936, James Richard Whitwell, Historical Notes on Psychiatry, page 170:",
          "text": "Incubus (synonyms, Pnigalion, ephialtes, epibole ) .— It is an elementary form of epilepsy .",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1991, George Mora, Benjamin G. Kohl, Witches, Devils, and Doctors in the Renaissance:",
          "text": "Themison names it pnigalion, from the Greek word for suffocating.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2022, Lucas Lex DeJong, Unmapped Darkness: The Journals of the Red Raider:",
          "text": "It was not merely unconsciousness, it was as if the mind were being smothered by some malign force, a pnigalion, throttling restfulness into a state of paralysis.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "sleep paralysis; nightmare"
      ],
      "id": "en-pnigalion-en-noun-WCZWjrX2",
      "links": [
        [
          "medicine",
          "medicine"
        ],
        [
          "sleep paralysis",
          "sleep paralysis"
        ],
        [
          "nightmare",
          "nightmare"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic, medicine) sleep paralysis; nightmare"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "pnigalion"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms borrowed from New Latin",
    "English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
    "English terms derived from New Latin",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Requests for pronunciation in English entries"
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  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "NL.",
        "3": "pnīgalion"
      },
      "expansion": "New Latin pnīgalion",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "πνῑγαλίων",
        "t": "nightmare"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek πνῑγαλίων (pnīgalíōn, “nightmare”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From New Latin pnīgalion, from Ancient Greek πνῑγαλίων (pnīgalíōn, “nightmare”), from πνῑ́γω (pnī́gō, “to throttle, strangle”).",
  "head_templates": [
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      "args": {
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      "expansion": "pnigalion (uncountable)",
      "name": "en-noun"
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  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
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        "English terms with historical senses",
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2011, Shelley R. Adler, Sleep Paralysis, page 41:",
          "text": "Because the Greeks considered being choked or strangled to be one consequence of a night-mare attack, the entity was also called pnigalion (“throttler”).",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2012, Arthur Goldstuck, The Ghost That Closed Down The Town:",
          "text": "Their guest list of night-time intruders includes: […] the Greek ephialtes ( one who leaps upon ) , mora ( the night 'mare' or monster), pnigalion ( the choker ) and barychnas (the heavy breather); […]",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2015, Nandita Chaube, Spirituality and Human Psyche:",
          "text": "Greeks had the pnigalion (the choker) and the barychnas (the heavy breather) troubling the sleepers (Keissling, 1977).",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A nocturnal monster in Ancient Greece that would choke its victims; incubus; nightmare."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "nocturnal",
          "nocturnal"
        ],
        [
          "monster",
          "monster"
        ],
        [
          "choke",
          "choke"
        ],
        [
          "victim",
          "victim"
        ],
        [
          "incubus",
          "incubus"
        ],
        [
          "nightmare",
          "nightmare"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(historical) A nocturnal monster in Ancient Greece that would choke its victims; incubus; nightmare."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "historical",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with archaic senses",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "en:Medicine"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1936, James Richard Whitwell, Historical Notes on Psychiatry, page 170:",
          "text": "Incubus (synonyms, Pnigalion, ephialtes, epibole ) .— It is an elementary form of epilepsy .",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1991, George Mora, Benjamin G. Kohl, Witches, Devils, and Doctors in the Renaissance:",
          "text": "Themison names it pnigalion, from the Greek word for suffocating.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2022, Lucas Lex DeJong, Unmapped Darkness: The Journals of the Red Raider:",
          "text": "It was not merely unconsciousness, it was as if the mind were being smothered by some malign force, a pnigalion, throttling restfulness into a state of paralysis.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "sleep paralysis; nightmare"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "medicine",
          "medicine"
        ],
        [
          "sleep paralysis",
          "sleep paralysis"
        ],
        [
          "nightmare",
          "nightmare"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic, medicine) sleep paralysis; nightmare"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "pnigalion"
}