"phở" meaning in All languages combined

See phở on Wiktionary

Noun [English]

Head templates: {{en-noun|-}} phở (uncountable)
  1. Alternative spelling of pho (“Vietnamese soup”). Tags: alt-of, alternative, uncountable Alternative form of: pho (extra: Vietnamese soup)
    Sense id: en-phở-en-noun-XpVEI-4G Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header

Noun [Vietnamese]

IPA: [fəː˧˩] [Hà-Nội], [fəː˧˨] [Huế], [fəː˨˩˦] [Hồ-Chí-Minh-City] Audio: Phở.oga [Hà-Nội] Forms: 𬖾 [CJK], [CJK]
Etymology: First appeared in dictionaries in 1931. Clipping earlier lục phở, nhục phở, corruptions of Cantonese 牛肉粉 (ngau4 juk6 fan2; SV: ngưu nhục phấn, “beef noodles”), likely as a result of street cries. Equivalent to a non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 粉 (fěn); compare its Sino-Vietnamese reading phấn, and bún (“rice vermicelli”). More on Wikipedia. A popular folk etymology holds that the term instead came from French feu (“fire”), as in pot-au-feu. Etymology templates: {{clipping|zh}} Clipping, {{m|vi|lục phở}} lục phở, {{m|vi|nhục phở}} nhục phở, {{bor|vi|yue|牛肉粉||beef noodles|tr=ngau4 juk6 fan2; SV: ngưu nhục phấn}} Cantonese 牛肉粉 (ngau4 juk6 fan2; SV: ngưu nhục phấn, “beef noodles”), {{cog|zh|粉}} Chinese 粉 (fěn), {{m|vi|phấn}} phấn, {{m|vi|bún||rice vermicelli}} bún (“rice vermicelli”), {{bor|vi|fr|feu||fire}} French feu (“fire”), {{m|fr|pot-au-feu}} pot-au-feu Head templates: {{head|vi|noun|||head=|tr=𬖾, 頗}} phở • (𬖾, 頗), {{vi-noun|𬖾, 頗}} phở • (𬖾, 頗)
  1. pho (a soup made with bánh phở noodles, usually served with beef, pork, or chicken) Categories (topical): Foods Related terms: bún, hủ tiếu,
    Sense id: en-phở-vi-noun-3meunXre Disambiguation of Foods: 92 8 Categories (other): Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header, Vietnamese nouns without classifiers Disambiguation of Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header: 83 17 Derived forms: bánh phở, cơm phở, gánh phở, mũ phở, phở áp chảo, phở chín, phở gánh, phở nạm, phở nước, phở sa tế, phở tái, phở xào, phở xốt vang
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Verb [Vietnamese]

IPA: [fəː˧˩] [Hà-Nội], [fəː˧˨] [Huế], [fəː˨˩˦] [Hồ-Chí-Minh-City] Audio: Phở.oga [Hà-Nội]
Etymology: Aspirated variant of vỡ (“to break”). Compare bỏng vs. phỏng, bết vs. phết. Etymology templates: {{m|vi|vỡ||to break}} vỡ (“to break”), {{m|vi|bỏng}} bỏng, {{m|vi|phỏng}} phỏng, {{m|vi|bết}} bết, {{m|vi|phết}} phết Head templates: {{head|vi|verb|||head=|tr=}} phở, {{vi-verb}} phở
  1. (obsolete) to clear (land) Tags: obsolete Synonyms: phỡ Related terms: phở lở, phới phở, phớn phở
    Sense id: en-phở-vi-verb-A7IHZA9I
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Download JSON data for phở meaning in All languages combined (12.8kB)

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "phở (uncountable)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "Vietnamese soup",
          "word": "pho"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2013, “taco truck cook”, in Gerard Sasges, editor, It’s a Living: Work and Life in Vietnam Today, Ridge Books, page 51",
          "text": "The next two popular — or should I say available — jobs for Vietnamese people who just migrated to the US were to work at phở restaurants or food supermarkets, and that’s exactly what I did. I applied to be a chef at a phở restaurant.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2015, BenBella’s Best of Plant-Based Eating: Recipes & Expertise from Your Favorite Vegan Authors, Dallas, Tex.: Benbella Books, Inc.",
          "text": "Add the phở spice bags into the soup base.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2016, Kantha Shelke, Pasta and Noodles: A Global History, Reaktion Books",
          "text": "In 1975 refugees fleeing Vietnam introduced phở to North America and made it so popular there that now there are more than 2,000 phở restaurants in the United States.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2016, Michael D. Wise, Jennifer Jensen Wallach, editors, The Routledge History of American Foodways, Routledge",
          "text": "Today, the website Phở Fever lists over 3,000 phở restaurants in the U.S.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2017, Tomás R. Jiménez, “Introduction”, in The Other Side of Assimilation: How Immigrants Are Changing American Life, University of California Press, page 29",
          "text": "Though there is no downtown or central shopping district to mark the area’s distinctiveness, the abundant phở restaurants, taquerias, and ethnic supermarkets in the area’s strip malls hint that Berryessa does not conform to antiquated stereotypes about the “burbs.”",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2018, Rose Thu, Vietnam Paradox, Dog Ear Publishing, page 186",
          "text": "They walked around for almost one hour before finally finding one phở-style deli.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2019, Alvin Townley, Captured: An American Prisoner of War in North Vietnam, Scholastic Focus",
          "text": "Guards brought him lukewarm phở, soup with stringy greens and various scraps of meat, fat, and vegetables.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative spelling of pho (“Vietnamese soup”)."
      ],
      "id": "en-phở-en-noun-XpVEI-4G",
      "links": [
        [
          "pho",
          "pho#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "phở"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "pho",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: pho",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: pho"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fi",
            "2": "pho",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Finnish: pho",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Finnish: pho"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "pho",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ French: pho",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ French: pho"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ja",
            "2": "フォー",
            "bor": "1",
            "tr": "fō"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Japanese: フォー (fō)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Japanese: フォー (fō)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ko",
            "2": "퍼",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Korean: 퍼 (peo)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Korean: 퍼 (peo)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lo",
            "2": "ເຝີ",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Lao: ເຝີ (fœ̄)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Lao: ເຝີ (fœ̄)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "фо",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Russian: фо (fo)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Russian: фо (fo)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "pho",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Swedish: pho",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Swedish: pho"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "th",
            "2": "เฝอ",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Thai: เฝอ (fə̌ə)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Thai: เฝอ (fə̌ə)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mww",
            "2": "fawm",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ White Hmong: fawm",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ White Hmong: fawm"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh"
      },
      "expansion": "Clipping",
      "name": "clipping"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "lục phở"
      },
      "expansion": "lục phở",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "nhục phở"
      },
      "expansion": "nhục phở",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "yue",
        "3": "牛肉粉",
        "4": "",
        "5": "beef noodles",
        "tr": "ngau4 juk6 fan2; SV: ngưu nhục phấn"
      },
      "expansion": "Cantonese 牛肉粉 (ngau4 juk6 fan2; SV: ngưu nhục phấn, “beef noodles”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "粉"
      },
      "expansion": "Chinese 粉 (fěn)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "phấn"
      },
      "expansion": "phấn",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "bún",
        "3": "",
        "4": "rice vermicelli"
      },
      "expansion": "bún (“rice vermicelli”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "feu",
        "4": "",
        "5": "fire"
      },
      "expansion": "French feu (“fire”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "pot-au-feu"
      },
      "expansion": "pot-au-feu",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "First appeared in dictionaries in 1931.\nClipping earlier lục phở, nhục phở, corruptions of Cantonese 牛肉粉 (ngau4 juk6 fan2; SV: ngưu nhục phấn, “beef noodles”), likely as a result of street cries.\nEquivalent to a non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 粉 (fěn); compare its Sino-Vietnamese reading phấn, and bún (“rice vermicelli”). More on Wikipedia.\nA popular folk etymology holds that the term instead came from French feu (“fire”), as in pot-au-feu.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "𬖾",
      "tags": [
        "CJK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "頗",
      "tags": [
        "CJK"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": "𬖾, 頗"
      },
      "expansion": "phở • (𬖾, 頗)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "𬖾, 頗"
      },
      "expansion": "phở • (𬖾, 頗)",
      "name": "vi-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "83 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese nouns without classifiers",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "92 8",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "vi",
          "name": "Foods",
          "orig": "vi:Foods",
          "parents": [
            "Eating",
            "Food and drink",
            "Human behaviour",
            "All topics",
            "Human",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "bánh phở"
        },
        {
          "word": "cơm phở"
        },
        {
          "word": "gánh phở"
        },
        {
          "word": "mũ phở"
        },
        {
          "word": "phở áp chảo"
        },
        {
          "word": "phở chín"
        },
        {
          "word": "phở gánh"
        },
        {
          "word": "phở nạm"
        },
        {
          "word": "phở nước"
        },
        {
          "word": "phở sa tế"
        },
        {
          "word": "phở tái"
        },
        {
          "word": "phở xào"
        },
        {
          "word": "phở xốt vang"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Probably shouldn't expect to gamble, but just to stay up at night and eat pho?",
          "ref": "1930 [1915–1917], Nguyễn Khắc Hiếu (Tản Đà), “Đánh bạc [Gambling]”, in Dương Quảng Hàm, editor, Quốc Văn trích diễm, 4th edition, page 211",
          "text": "Có lẽ đánh bạc không mong được, mà chỉ thức đêm ăn nhục-phở?",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "english": "Hey, pho stand man! Selling like that, all day do you get around five dimes?",
          "ref": "1927, Nguyễn Đình Phụng, “Trò Đời: Thế mà không được đi bầu”, in Hà-thành Ngọ-báo, page 1",
          "text": "Này, bác hàng phở! bác đi bán thế, cả ngày có được dăm bay hào đồng bạc không ?",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "english": "What's that hollering all night long? / An ear-ringing \"pho\", \"pho\" running in the middle of the street.",
          "ref": "1932, Cù Giang, “Thằng bán phở”, in Phụ-nữ Tân-văn, volume 4, number 181, page 20",
          "text": "Tiếng chi quát tháo mãi đêm trường ? / « Phở » « phở » ồn tai chạy giữa đường.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "english": "This book shows how to cook feasts and everyday dishes, delicacies, all three ways: ours, Chinese, Western — It shows how to make lunch dishes like: dim sum, wonton, egg noodles, pho, rice congee — It shows how to make salty cakes, sweet cakes, candied fruit, candy — It shows how to make lemonade, beer, liquor, et cetera.",
          "ref": "1933, “Advertisement for Ẩm-Thực Tu-Tri”, in Sách Xem Tết Tân Dân, page 55",
          "text": "Sách dạy nấu cỗ và các món ăn thường, các món ăn quý, đủ ba cách : ta, tầu, tây — Dạy làm các thứ ăn trưa như : tỉm-sắm, mần-thắn, mì, phở, cháo, — Dạy làm các thứ bánh mặn, bánh ngọt, mứt, kẹo — Dạy làm các thứ nước chanh, rượu bia, rượu mùi, vân vân.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "pho (a soup made with bánh phở noodles, usually served with beef, pork, or chicken)"
      ],
      "id": "en-phở-vi-noun-3meunXre",
      "links": [
        [
          "pho",
          "pho"
        ],
        [
          "soup",
          "soup#English"
        ],
        [
          "bánh phở",
          "bánh phở#Vietnamese"
        ],
        [
          "noodle",
          "noodle#English"
        ],
        [
          "beef",
          "beef#English"
        ],
        [
          "pork",
          "pork#English"
        ],
        [
          "chicken",
          "chicken#English"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "bún"
        },
        {
          "word": "hủ tiếu"
        },
        {
          "word": "mì"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[fəː˧˩]",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[fəː˧˨]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[fəː˨˩˦]",
      "tags": [
        "Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "Phở.oga",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/be/Ph%E1%BB%9F.oga/Ph%E1%BB%9F.oga.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/be/Ph%E1%BB%9F.oga",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Hà Nội)"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Pho#Etymology and origins",
    "street cries",
    "vi:phở"
  ],
  "word": "phở"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "vỡ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to break"
      },
      "expansion": "vỡ (“to break”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "bỏng"
      },
      "expansion": "bỏng",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "phỏng"
      },
      "expansion": "phỏng",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "bết"
      },
      "expansion": "bết",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "phết"
      },
      "expansion": "phết",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Aspirated variant of vỡ (“to break”). Compare bỏng vs. phỏng, bết vs. phết.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "verb",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "phở",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "phở",
      "name": "vi-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "So one should do works of labor, trade, garden, forest, clear (?) land, follow a profession, up to serving as a mandarin, handling state affairs, as well as working all life long.",
          "roman": "Vậy nên làm thợ, đi buôn, lập vườn, làm ruộng, phở đất, làm nghề, cho đến làm việc quan, lo việc nước, cũng là làm việc đời cả.",
          "text": "1925, Ưng Trình, \"Làm việc đời là thế nào?\", Nhơn-Sự ngụ-ngôn [Moral Lessons by Example], page 48",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "english": "Many places have a slash-and-burn custom, especially the Muong and Man peoples. They cut down trees in the middle of the forest, then shortly thereafter burn them, using the ashes to plant grains. Doing so is extremely harmful to the forest; sometimes even very wide forests are wiped out due to slash-and-burn.",
          "ref": "1926, Yves Charles Châtel & Tôn Thất Đàn, Hương-chính Chỉ-nam [Guide to notables], first edition, page 137",
          "text": "Nhiều nơi có tục phở rày [phát rẫy?] nhất là các dân Mường, Mán. Họ ngả cây ở giữa rừng, rồi ít lâu đốt lấy tro mà trồng các giống ngũ-cốc. Làm như thế cực kỳ là tổn hại cho rừng rú, có khi cả khu rừng thật rộng, cũng chỉ vì làm rày [làm rẫy] mà đến nỗi tiêu điệt đi.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to clear (land)"
      ],
      "id": "en-phở-vi-verb-A7IHZA9I",
      "links": [
        [
          "clear",
          "clear"
        ],
        [
          "land",
          "land"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) to clear (land)"
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "phở lở"
        },
        {
          "word": "phới phở"
        },
        {
          "word": "phớn phở"
        }
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "phỡ"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[fəː˧˩]",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[fəː˧˨]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[fəː˨˩˦]",
      "tags": [
        "Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "Phở.oga",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/be/Ph%E1%BB%9F.oga/Ph%E1%BB%9F.oga.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/be/Ph%E1%BB%9F.oga",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Hà Nội)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "phở"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "vi:Foods"
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "phở (uncountable)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "Vietnamese soup",
          "word": "pho"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "English entries with incorrect language header",
        "English lemmas",
        "English nouns",
        "English terms spelled with Ở",
        "English terms spelled with ◌̉",
        "English terms spelled with ◌̛",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English uncountable nouns"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2013, “taco truck cook”, in Gerard Sasges, editor, It’s a Living: Work and Life in Vietnam Today, Ridge Books, page 51",
          "text": "The next two popular — or should I say available — jobs for Vietnamese people who just migrated to the US were to work at phở restaurants or food supermarkets, and that’s exactly what I did. I applied to be a chef at a phở restaurant.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2015, BenBella’s Best of Plant-Based Eating: Recipes & Expertise from Your Favorite Vegan Authors, Dallas, Tex.: Benbella Books, Inc.",
          "text": "Add the phở spice bags into the soup base.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2016, Kantha Shelke, Pasta and Noodles: A Global History, Reaktion Books",
          "text": "In 1975 refugees fleeing Vietnam introduced phở to North America and made it so popular there that now there are more than 2,000 phở restaurants in the United States.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2016, Michael D. Wise, Jennifer Jensen Wallach, editors, The Routledge History of American Foodways, Routledge",
          "text": "Today, the website Phở Fever lists over 3,000 phở restaurants in the U.S.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2017, Tomás R. Jiménez, “Introduction”, in The Other Side of Assimilation: How Immigrants Are Changing American Life, University of California Press, page 29",
          "text": "Though there is no downtown or central shopping district to mark the area’s distinctiveness, the abundant phở restaurants, taquerias, and ethnic supermarkets in the area’s strip malls hint that Berryessa does not conform to antiquated stereotypes about the “burbs.”",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2018, Rose Thu, Vietnam Paradox, Dog Ear Publishing, page 186",
          "text": "They walked around for almost one hour before finally finding one phở-style deli.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2019, Alvin Townley, Captured: An American Prisoner of War in North Vietnam, Scholastic Focus",
          "text": "Guards brought him lukewarm phở, soup with stringy greens and various scraps of meat, fat, and vegetables.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative spelling of pho (“Vietnamese soup”)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pho",
          "pho#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "phở"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Vietnamese lemmas",
    "Vietnamese nouns",
    "Vietnamese nouns without classifiers",
    "Vietnamese terms borrowed from Cantonese",
    "Vietnamese terms borrowed from French",
    "Vietnamese terms derived from Cantonese",
    "Vietnamese terms derived from French",
    "Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Vietnamese terms with audio links",
    "Vietnamese verbs",
    "vi:Foods"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "bánh phở"
    },
    {
      "word": "cơm phở"
    },
    {
      "word": "gánh phở"
    },
    {
      "word": "mũ phở"
    },
    {
      "word": "phở áp chảo"
    },
    {
      "word": "phở chín"
    },
    {
      "word": "phở gánh"
    },
    {
      "word": "phở nạm"
    },
    {
      "word": "phở nước"
    },
    {
      "word": "phở sa tế"
    },
    {
      "word": "phở tái"
    },
    {
      "word": "phở xào"
    },
    {
      "word": "phở xốt vang"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "pho",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: pho",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: pho"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fi",
            "2": "pho",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Finnish: pho",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Finnish: pho"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "pho",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ French: pho",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ French: pho"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ja",
            "2": "フォー",
            "bor": "1",
            "tr": "fō"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Japanese: フォー (fō)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Japanese: フォー (fō)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ko",
            "2": "퍼",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Korean: 퍼 (peo)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Korean: 퍼 (peo)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lo",
            "2": "ເຝີ",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Lao: ເຝີ (fœ̄)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Lao: ເຝີ (fœ̄)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "фо",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Russian: фо (fo)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Russian: фо (fo)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "pho",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Swedish: pho",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Swedish: pho"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "th",
            "2": "เฝอ",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Thai: เฝอ (fə̌ə)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Thai: เฝอ (fə̌ə)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mww",
            "2": "fawm",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ White Hmong: fawm",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ White Hmong: fawm"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh"
      },
      "expansion": "Clipping",
      "name": "clipping"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "lục phở"
      },
      "expansion": "lục phở",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "nhục phở"
      },
      "expansion": "nhục phở",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "yue",
        "3": "牛肉粉",
        "4": "",
        "5": "beef noodles",
        "tr": "ngau4 juk6 fan2; SV: ngưu nhục phấn"
      },
      "expansion": "Cantonese 牛肉粉 (ngau4 juk6 fan2; SV: ngưu nhục phấn, “beef noodles”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "粉"
      },
      "expansion": "Chinese 粉 (fěn)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "phấn"
      },
      "expansion": "phấn",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "bún",
        "3": "",
        "4": "rice vermicelli"
      },
      "expansion": "bún (“rice vermicelli”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "feu",
        "4": "",
        "5": "fire"
      },
      "expansion": "French feu (“fire”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "pot-au-feu"
      },
      "expansion": "pot-au-feu",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "First appeared in dictionaries in 1931.\nClipping earlier lục phở, nhục phở, corruptions of Cantonese 牛肉粉 (ngau4 juk6 fan2; SV: ngưu nhục phấn, “beef noodles”), likely as a result of street cries.\nEquivalent to a non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 粉 (fěn); compare its Sino-Vietnamese reading phấn, and bún (“rice vermicelli”). More on Wikipedia.\nA popular folk etymology holds that the term instead came from French feu (“fire”), as in pot-au-feu.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "𬖾",
      "tags": [
        "CJK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "頗",
      "tags": [
        "CJK"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": "𬖾, 頗"
      },
      "expansion": "phở • (𬖾, 頗)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "𬖾, 頗"
      },
      "expansion": "phở • (𬖾, 頗)",
      "name": "vi-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "bún"
    },
    {
      "word": "hủ tiếu"
    },
    {
      "word": "mì"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Vietnamese terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Probably shouldn't expect to gamble, but just to stay up at night and eat pho?",
          "ref": "1930 [1915–1917], Nguyễn Khắc Hiếu (Tản Đà), “Đánh bạc [Gambling]”, in Dương Quảng Hàm, editor, Quốc Văn trích diễm, 4th edition, page 211",
          "text": "Có lẽ đánh bạc không mong được, mà chỉ thức đêm ăn nhục-phở?",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "english": "Hey, pho stand man! Selling like that, all day do you get around five dimes?",
          "ref": "1927, Nguyễn Đình Phụng, “Trò Đời: Thế mà không được đi bầu”, in Hà-thành Ngọ-báo, page 1",
          "text": "Này, bác hàng phở! bác đi bán thế, cả ngày có được dăm bay hào đồng bạc không ?",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "english": "What's that hollering all night long? / An ear-ringing \"pho\", \"pho\" running in the middle of the street.",
          "ref": "1932, Cù Giang, “Thằng bán phở”, in Phụ-nữ Tân-văn, volume 4, number 181, page 20",
          "text": "Tiếng chi quát tháo mãi đêm trường ? / « Phở » « phở » ồn tai chạy giữa đường.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "english": "This book shows how to cook feasts and everyday dishes, delicacies, all three ways: ours, Chinese, Western — It shows how to make lunch dishes like: dim sum, wonton, egg noodles, pho, rice congee — It shows how to make salty cakes, sweet cakes, candied fruit, candy — It shows how to make lemonade, beer, liquor, et cetera.",
          "ref": "1933, “Advertisement for Ẩm-Thực Tu-Tri”, in Sách Xem Tết Tân Dân, page 55",
          "text": "Sách dạy nấu cỗ và các món ăn thường, các món ăn quý, đủ ba cách : ta, tầu, tây — Dạy làm các thứ ăn trưa như : tỉm-sắm, mần-thắn, mì, phở, cháo, — Dạy làm các thứ bánh mặn, bánh ngọt, mứt, kẹo — Dạy làm các thứ nước chanh, rượu bia, rượu mùi, vân vân.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "pho (a soup made with bánh phở noodles, usually served with beef, pork, or chicken)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pho",
          "pho"
        ],
        [
          "soup",
          "soup#English"
        ],
        [
          "bánh phở",
          "bánh phở#Vietnamese"
        ],
        [
          "noodle",
          "noodle#English"
        ],
        [
          "beef",
          "beef#English"
        ],
        [
          "pork",
          "pork#English"
        ],
        [
          "chicken",
          "chicken#English"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[fəː˧˩]",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[fəː˧˨]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[fəː˨˩˦]",
      "tags": [
        "Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "Phở.oga",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/be/Ph%E1%BB%9F.oga/Ph%E1%BB%9F.oga.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/be/Ph%E1%BB%9F.oga",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Hà Nội)"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Pho#Etymology and origins",
    "street cries",
    "vi:phở"
  ],
  "word": "phở"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Vietnamese lemmas",
    "Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Vietnamese terms with audio links",
    "Vietnamese verbs",
    "vi:Foods"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "vỡ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to break"
      },
      "expansion": "vỡ (“to break”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "bỏng"
      },
      "expansion": "bỏng",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "phỏng"
      },
      "expansion": "phỏng",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "bết"
      },
      "expansion": "bết",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "phết"
      },
      "expansion": "phết",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Aspirated variant of vỡ (“to break”). Compare bỏng vs. phỏng, bết vs. phết.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "verb",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "phở",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "phở",
      "name": "vi-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "phở lở"
    },
    {
      "word": "phới phở"
    },
    {
      "word": "phớn phở"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Vietnamese terms with obsolete senses",
        "Vietnamese terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "So one should do works of labor, trade, garden, forest, clear (?) land, follow a profession, up to serving as a mandarin, handling state affairs, as well as working all life long.",
          "roman": "Vậy nên làm thợ, đi buôn, lập vườn, làm ruộng, phở đất, làm nghề, cho đến làm việc quan, lo việc nước, cũng là làm việc đời cả.",
          "text": "1925, Ưng Trình, \"Làm việc đời là thế nào?\", Nhơn-Sự ngụ-ngôn [Moral Lessons by Example], page 48",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "english": "Many places have a slash-and-burn custom, especially the Muong and Man peoples. They cut down trees in the middle of the forest, then shortly thereafter burn them, using the ashes to plant grains. Doing so is extremely harmful to the forest; sometimes even very wide forests are wiped out due to slash-and-burn.",
          "ref": "1926, Yves Charles Châtel & Tôn Thất Đàn, Hương-chính Chỉ-nam [Guide to notables], first edition, page 137",
          "text": "Nhiều nơi có tục phở rày [phát rẫy?] nhất là các dân Mường, Mán. Họ ngả cây ở giữa rừng, rồi ít lâu đốt lấy tro mà trồng các giống ngũ-cốc. Làm như thế cực kỳ là tổn hại cho rừng rú, có khi cả khu rừng thật rộng, cũng chỉ vì làm rày [làm rẫy] mà đến nỗi tiêu điệt đi.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to clear (land)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "clear",
          "clear"
        ],
        [
          "land",
          "land"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) to clear (land)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[fəː˧˩]",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[fəː˧˨]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[fəː˨˩˦]",
      "tags": [
        "Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "Phở.oga",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/be/Ph%E1%BB%9F.oga/Ph%E1%BB%9F.oga.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/be/Ph%E1%BB%9F.oga",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Hà Nội)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "phỡ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "phở"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (a644e18 and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.