See personal space on Wiktionary
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "personal spaces",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "personal space (countable and uncountable, plural personal spaces)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2010 February 4, The Economist:",
"text": "It is customary, moreover, for those sharing a cabin to while away train journeys chatting on the two bottom bunks, which is likely to jar with many Westerners' narrower conceptions of personal space and ownership (especially if they have paid top dollar for the prized bottom bunk).",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The physical space closely surrounding a person, which can lead to discomfort, anger or anxiety if encroached on."
],
"id": "en-personal_space-en-noun-1z2kZUV1",
"links": [
[
"discomfort",
"discomfort"
],
[
"anger",
"anger"
],
[
"anxiety",
"anxiety"
],
[
"encroach",
"encroach"
]
],
"tags": [
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"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "73 27",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "physical space closely surrounding a person",
"word": "私人空間"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 27",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "sīrén kōngjiān",
"sense": "physical space closely surrounding a person",
"word": "私人空间"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 27",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "physical space closely surrounding a person",
"word": "henkilökohtainen tila"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 27",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "physical space closely surrounding a person",
"word": "henkilökohtainen alue"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 27",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "physical space closely surrounding a person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espace vital"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 27",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "pāsonaru supēsu",
"sense": "physical space closely surrounding a person",
"word": "パーソナルスペース"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 27",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "physical space closely surrounding a person",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "przestrzeń osobista"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 27",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "physical space closely surrounding a person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espaço pessoal"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 27",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ličnoje prostránstvo",
"sense": "physical space closely surrounding a person",
"word": "личное простра́нство"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 27",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"note": "somewhat",
"roman": "distáncija",
"sense": "physical space closely surrounding a person",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "диста́нция"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "39 61",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
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{
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"_dis": "19 81",
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{
"_dis": "20 80",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 82",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 81",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 78",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 66",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 84",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 83",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Psychology",
"orig": "en:Psychology",
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"Sciences",
"Society",
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"_dis": "17 83",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2008 May 1, Kia Abdullah, The Guardian:",
"text": "Like long-term couple Helena Bonham Carter and Tim Burton, who famously live in separate houses, I believe that personal space is the key to a healthy relationship.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An area which can be regarded as belonging to a person privately, in which to place belongings etc."
],
"id": "en-personal_space-en-noun-7IkMWAnX",
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "30 70",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "area regarded as belonging to a person",
"word": "私人空間"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 70",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "sīrén kōngjiān",
"sense": "area regarded as belonging to a person",
"word": "私人空间"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 70",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "area regarded as belonging to a person",
"word": "henkilökohtainen tila"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 70",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "area regarded as belonging to a person",
"word": "henkilökohtainen alue"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 70",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "area regarded as belonging to a person",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "przestrzeń osobista"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 70",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ličnoje prostránstvo",
"sense": "area regarded as belonging to a person",
"word": "личное простра́нство"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 70",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dom",
"sense": "area regarded as belonging to a person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "дом"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 70",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "žilíšče",
"sense": "area regarded as belonging to a person",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "жили́ще"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 70",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "očág",
"sense": "area regarded as belonging to a person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "оча́г"
}
]
}
],
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"audio": "en-au-personal space.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b1/En-au-personal_space.ogg/En-au-personal_space.ogg.mp3",
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"wikipedia": [
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"word": "personal space"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English entries with incorrect language header",
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"Terms with Mandarin translations",
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"Terms with Portuguese translations",
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"en:Psychology",
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"forms": [
{
"form": "personal spaces",
"tags": [
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"pos": "noun",
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{
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{
"ref": "2010 February 4, The Economist:",
"text": "It is customary, moreover, for those sharing a cabin to while away train journeys chatting on the two bottom bunks, which is likely to jar with many Westerners' narrower conceptions of personal space and ownership (especially if they have paid top dollar for the prized bottom bunk).",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The physical space closely surrounding a person, which can lead to discomfort, anger or anxiety if encroached on."
],
"links": [
[
"discomfort",
"discomfort"
],
[
"anger",
"anger"
],
[
"anxiety",
"anxiety"
],
[
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"encroach"
]
],
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{
"ref": "2008 May 1, Kia Abdullah, The Guardian:",
"text": "Like long-term couple Helena Bonham Carter and Tim Burton, who famously live in separate houses, I believe that personal space is the key to a healthy relationship.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An area which can be regarded as belonging to a person privately, in which to place belongings etc."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
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"translations": [
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "physical space closely surrounding a person",
"word": "私人空間"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "sīrén kōngjiān",
"sense": "physical space closely surrounding a person",
"word": "私人空间"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "physical space closely surrounding a person",
"word": "henkilökohtainen tila"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "physical space closely surrounding a person",
"word": "henkilökohtainen alue"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "physical space closely surrounding a person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espace vital"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "pāsonaru supēsu",
"sense": "physical space closely surrounding a person",
"word": "パーソナルスペース"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "physical space closely surrounding a person",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "przestrzeń osobista"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "physical space closely surrounding a person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espaço pessoal"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ličnoje prostránstvo",
"sense": "physical space closely surrounding a person",
"word": "личное простра́нство"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"note": "somewhat",
"roman": "distáncija",
"sense": "physical space closely surrounding a person",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "диста́нция"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "area regarded as belonging to a person",
"word": "私人空間"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "sīrén kōngjiān",
"sense": "area regarded as belonging to a person",
"word": "私人空间"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "area regarded as belonging to a person",
"word": "henkilökohtainen tila"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "area regarded as belonging to a person",
"word": "henkilökohtainen alue"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "area regarded as belonging to a person",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "przestrzeń osobista"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ličnoje prostránstvo",
"sense": "area regarded as belonging to a person",
"word": "личное простра́нство"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dom",
"sense": "area regarded as belonging to a person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "дом"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "žilíšče",
"sense": "area regarded as belonging to a person",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "жили́ще"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "očág",
"sense": "area regarded as belonging to a person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "оча́г"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"personal space"
],
"word": "personal space"
}
Download raw JSONL data for personal space meaning in All languages combined (5.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.