"pawēō" meaning in All languages combined

See pawēō on Wiktionary

Verb [Proto-Italic]

Etymology: From earlier *pawējō, from Proto-Indo-European *paw-éh₁-ye-ti, from *paw- (“to strike, hit”); for this see Latin paviō (“to beat, strike”). The sense development would be "to strike" > "to strike with fear". Alternatively, *paw- is a homophonous but separate root meaning "to fear", and is perhaps cognate with Proto-Celtic *oβnus (“fear”). Etymology templates: {{root|itc-pro|ine-pro|*paw-}}, {{inh|itc-pro|ine-pro||*paw-éh₁-ye-ti}} Proto-Indo-European *paw-éh₁-ye-ti, {{cog|la|paviō|t=to beat, strike}} Latin paviō (“to beat, strike”), {{cog|cel-pro|*oβnus|t=fear}} Proto-Celtic *oβnus (“fear”) Head templates: {{head|itc-pro|verb|gloss=first-singular present indicative|head=|head2=|head3=|head4=}} *pawēō first-singular present indicative Inflection templates: {{itc-conj-2nd|paw|paw|paw}}, {{itc-conj-base|desc=second conjugation stative|futr_actv_impr_2sg=*pawētōd|past_pasv_ptcp=|perf_indc_1pl=*pawomos|perf_indc_1sg=*pawai|perf_indc_2pl=*pawistes|perf_indc_2sg=*pawistai|perf_indc_3pl=*pawēri|perf_indc_3sg=*pawe(d)|pres_actv_impr_2pl=*pawēte|pres_actv_impr_2sg=*pawē|pres_actv_indc_1pl=*pawēmos|pres_actv_indc_1sg=*pawēō|pres_actv_indc_2pl=*pawētes|pres_actv_indc_2sg=*pawēs|pres_actv_indc_3pl=*pawēnt|pres_actv_indc_3sg=*pawēt|pres_actv_ptcp=*pawēnts|pres_actv_subj_1pl=*pawēāmos|pres_actv_subj_1sg=*pawēām|pres_actv_subj_2pl=*pawēātes|pres_actv_subj_2sg=*pawēās|pres_actv_subj_3pl=*pawēānd|pres_actv_subj_3sg=*pawēād|pres_pasv_impr_2sg=*pawēzo|pres_pasv_indc_1pl=*pawēmor|pres_pasv_indc_1sg=*pawēōr|pres_pasv_indc_2pl=*pawēm(e?)n(ai?)|pres_pasv_indc_2sg=*pawēzo|pres_pasv_indc_3pl=*pawēntor|pres_pasv_indc_3sg=*pawētor|pres_pasv_subj_1pl=*pawēāmor|pres_pasv_subj_1sg=*pawēār|pres_pasv_subj_2pl=*pawēām(e?)n(ai?)|pres_pasv_subj_2sg=*pawēāzo|pres_pasv_subj_3pl=*pawēāntor|pres_pasv_subj_3sg=*pawēātor|s_vn=*pawēzi|tu_vn=*pawum|type=}}, {{itc-conj-base/core|aor_indc_1pl=|aor_indc_1sg=|aor_indc_2pl=|aor_indc_2sg=|aor_indc_3pl=|aor_indc_3sg=|desc=second conjugation stative|futr_actv_impr_1sg=*pawētōd|past_pasv_ptcp=|perf_indc_1pl=*pawomos|perf_indc_1sg=*pawai|perf_indc_2pl=*pawistes|perf_indc_2sg=*pawistai|perf_indc_3pl=*pawēri|perf_indc_3sg=*pawe(d)|pres_actv_impr_1sg=*pawē|pres_actv_impr_2sg=*pawēte|pres_actv_indc_1pl=*pawēmos|pres_actv_indc_1sg=*pawēō|pres_actv_indc_2pl=*pawētes|pres_actv_indc_2sg=*pawēs|pres_actv_indc_3pl=*pawēnt|pres_actv_indc_3sg=*pawēt|pres_actv_ptcp=*pawēnts|pres_actv_subj_1pl=*pawēāmos|pres_actv_subj_1sg=*pawēām|pres_actv_subj_2pl=*pawēātes|pres_actv_subj_2sg=*pawēās|pres_actv_subj_3pl=*pawēānd|pres_actv_subj_3sg=*pawēād|pres_pasv_impr_1sg=*pawēzo|pres_pasv_impr_2sg=|pres_pasv_indc_1pl=*pawēmor|pres_pasv_indc_1sg=*pawēōr|pres_pasv_indc_2pl=*pawēm(e?)n(ai?)|pres_pasv_indc_2sg=*pawēzo|pres_pasv_indc_3pl=*pawēntor|pres_pasv_indc_3sg=*pawētor|pres_pasv_subj_1pl=*pawēāmor|pres_pasv_subj_1sg=*pawēār|pres_pasv_subj_2pl=*pawēām(e?)n(ai?)|pres_pasv_subj_2sg=*pawēāzo|pres_pasv_subj_3pl=*pawēāntor|pres_pasv_subj_3sg=*pawēātor|s_vn=*pawēzi|tu_vn=*pawum}} Forms: pawēō first-singular present indicative [canonical], conjugation-2 [table-tags], pawēō [active, first-person, indicative, present, singular], pawēōr [first-person, indicative, passive, present, singular], pawēs [active, indicative, present, second-person, singular], pawēzo [indicative, passive, present, second-person, singular], pawēt [active, indicative, present, singular, third-person], pawētor [indicative, passive, present, singular, third-person], pawēmos [active, first-person, indicative, plural, present], pawēmor [first-person, indicative, passive, plural, present], pawētes [active, indicative, plural, present, second-person], pawēm(e?)n [indicative, passive, plural, present, second-person], pawēnt [active, indicative, plural, present, third-person], pawēntor [indicative, passive, plural, present, third-person], pawēām [active, first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], pawēār [first-person, passive, present, singular, subjunctive], pawēās [active, present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], pawēāzo [passive, present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], pawēād [active, present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], pawēātor [passive, present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], pawēāmos [active, first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], pawēāmor [first-person, passive, plural, present, subjunctive], pawēātes [active, plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], pawēām(e?)n [passive, plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], pawēānd [active, plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], pawēāntor [passive, plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], pawai [active, first-person, indicative, perfect, singular], pawistai [active, indicative, perfect, second-person, singular], pawe [active, indicative, perfect, singular, third-person], pawed [active, indicative, perfect, singular, third-person], pawomos [active, first-person, indicative, perfect, plural], pawistes [active, indicative, perfect, plural, second-person], pawēri [active, indicative, perfect, plural, third-person], - [active, first-person, indicative, perfect, singular], - [active, indicative, perfect, second-person, singular], - [active, indicative, perfect, singular, third-person], - [active, first-person, indicative, perfect, plural], - [active, indicative, perfect, plural, second-person], - [active, indicative, perfect, plural, third-person], pawē [active, imperative, present, second-person, singular], pawēzo [imperative, passive, present, second-person, singular], pawēte [active, imperative, plural, present, second-person], - [imperative, passive, plural, present, second-person], 2nd + 3rd sing. [future, imperative, plural, second-person], pawētōd [active, future, imperative], pawēnts [present], - [past], pawum [tu-derivative], pawēzi [s-derivative]
  1. to be afraid Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-pawēō-itc-pro-verb-ywIEvAJb Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-Italic entries with incorrect language header
     
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "la",
            "2": "paveō"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin: paveō",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin: paveō (see there for further descendants)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "itc-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*paw-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "itc-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*paw-éh₁-ye-ti"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *paw-éh₁-ye-ti",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "paviō",
        "t": "to beat, strike"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin paviō (“to beat, strike”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "*oβnus",
        "t": "fear"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *oβnus (“fear”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From earlier *pawējō, from Proto-Indo-European *paw-éh₁-ye-ti, from *paw- (“to strike, hit”); for this see Latin paviō (“to beat, strike”). The sense development would be \"to strike\" > \"to strike with fear\".\nAlternatively, *paw- is a homophonous but separate root meaning \"to fear\", and is perhaps cognate with Proto-Celtic *oβnus (“fear”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pawēō first-singular present indicative",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conjugation-2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "itc-conj-2nd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēōr",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēzo",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēt",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawētor",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēmos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēmor",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawētes",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēm(e?)n",
      "roman": "ai?",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēnt",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēntor",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēām",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēār",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēās",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēāzo",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēād",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēātor",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēāmos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēāmor",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēātes",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēām(e?)n",
      "roman": "ai?",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēānd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēāntor",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawistai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawe",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawed",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawomos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawistes",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēri",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēzo",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "passive",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēte",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "2nd + 3rd sing.",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawētōd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēnts",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "tu-derivative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēzi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "s-derivative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "itc-pro",
        "2": "verb",
        "gloss": "first-singular present indicative",
        "head": "",
        "head2": "",
        "head3": "",
        "head4": ""
      },
      "expansion": "*pawēō first-singular present indicative",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "paw",
        "2": "paw",
        "3": "paw"
      },
      "name": "itc-conj-2nd"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "desc": "second conjugation stative",
        "futr_actv_impr_2sg": "*pawētōd",
        "past_pasv_ptcp": "",
        "perf_indc_1pl": "*pawomos",
        "perf_indc_1sg": "*pawai",
        "perf_indc_2pl": "*pawistes",
        "perf_indc_2sg": "*pawistai",
        "perf_indc_3pl": "*pawēri",
        "perf_indc_3sg": "*pawe(d)",
        "pres_actv_impr_2pl": "*pawēte",
        "pres_actv_impr_2sg": "*pawē",
        "pres_actv_indc_1pl": "*pawēmos",
        "pres_actv_indc_1sg": "*pawēō",
        "pres_actv_indc_2pl": "*pawētes",
        "pres_actv_indc_2sg": "*pawēs",
        "pres_actv_indc_3pl": "*pawēnt",
        "pres_actv_indc_3sg": "*pawēt",
        "pres_actv_ptcp": "*pawēnts",
        "pres_actv_subj_1pl": "*pawēāmos",
        "pres_actv_subj_1sg": "*pawēām",
        "pres_actv_subj_2pl": "*pawēātes",
        "pres_actv_subj_2sg": "*pawēās",
        "pres_actv_subj_3pl": "*pawēānd",
        "pres_actv_subj_3sg": "*pawēād",
        "pres_pasv_impr_2sg": "*pawēzo",
        "pres_pasv_indc_1pl": "*pawēmor",
        "pres_pasv_indc_1sg": "*pawēōr",
        "pres_pasv_indc_2pl": "*pawēm(e?)n(ai?)",
        "pres_pasv_indc_2sg": "*pawēzo",
        "pres_pasv_indc_3pl": "*pawēntor",
        "pres_pasv_indc_3sg": "*pawētor",
        "pres_pasv_subj_1pl": "*pawēāmor",
        "pres_pasv_subj_1sg": "*pawēār",
        "pres_pasv_subj_2pl": "*pawēām(e?)n(ai?)",
        "pres_pasv_subj_2sg": "*pawēāzo",
        "pres_pasv_subj_3pl": "*pawēāntor",
        "pres_pasv_subj_3sg": "*pawēātor",
        "s_vn": "*pawēzi",
        "tu_vn": "*pawum",
        "type": ""
      },
      "name": "itc-conj-base"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "aor_indc_1pl": "",
        "aor_indc_1sg": "",
        "aor_indc_2pl": "",
        "aor_indc_2sg": "",
        "aor_indc_3pl": "",
        "aor_indc_3sg": "",
        "desc": "second conjugation stative",
        "futr_actv_impr_1sg": "*pawētōd",
        "past_pasv_ptcp": "",
        "perf_indc_1pl": "*pawomos",
        "perf_indc_1sg": "*pawai",
        "perf_indc_2pl": "*pawistes",
        "perf_indc_2sg": "*pawistai",
        "perf_indc_3pl": "*pawēri",
        "perf_indc_3sg": "*pawe(d)",
        "pres_actv_impr_1sg": "*pawē",
        "pres_actv_impr_2sg": "*pawēte",
        "pres_actv_indc_1pl": "*pawēmos",
        "pres_actv_indc_1sg": "*pawēō",
        "pres_actv_indc_2pl": "*pawētes",
        "pres_actv_indc_2sg": "*pawēs",
        "pres_actv_indc_3pl": "*pawēnt",
        "pres_actv_indc_3sg": "*pawēt",
        "pres_actv_ptcp": "*pawēnts",
        "pres_actv_subj_1pl": "*pawēāmos",
        "pres_actv_subj_1sg": "*pawēām",
        "pres_actv_subj_2pl": "*pawēātes",
        "pres_actv_subj_2sg": "*pawēās",
        "pres_actv_subj_3pl": "*pawēānd",
        "pres_actv_subj_3sg": "*pawēād",
        "pres_pasv_impr_1sg": "*pawēzo",
        "pres_pasv_impr_2sg": "",
        "pres_pasv_indc_1pl": "*pawēmor",
        "pres_pasv_indc_1sg": "*pawēōr",
        "pres_pasv_indc_2pl": "*pawēm(e?)n(ai?)",
        "pres_pasv_indc_2sg": "*pawēzo",
        "pres_pasv_indc_3pl": "*pawēntor",
        "pres_pasv_indc_3sg": "*pawētor",
        "pres_pasv_subj_1pl": "*pawēāmor",
        "pres_pasv_subj_1sg": "*pawēār",
        "pres_pasv_subj_2pl": "*pawēām(e?)n(ai?)",
        "pres_pasv_subj_2sg": "*pawēāzo",
        "pres_pasv_subj_3pl": "*pawēāntor",
        "pres_pasv_subj_3sg": "*pawēātor",
        "s_vn": "*pawēzi",
        "tu_vn": "*pawum"
      },
      "name": "itc-conj-base/core"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Italic",
  "lang_code": "itc-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/pawēō",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Italic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to be afraid"
      ],
      "id": "en-pawēō-itc-pro-verb-ywIEvAJb",
      "links": [
        [
          "afraid",
          "afraid"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "pawēō"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "la",
            "2": "paveō"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin: paveō",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin: paveō (see there for further descendants)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "itc-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*paw-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "itc-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*paw-éh₁-ye-ti"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *paw-éh₁-ye-ti",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "paviō",
        "t": "to beat, strike"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin paviō (“to beat, strike”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "*oβnus",
        "t": "fear"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *oβnus (“fear”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From earlier *pawējō, from Proto-Indo-European *paw-éh₁-ye-ti, from *paw- (“to strike, hit”); for this see Latin paviō (“to beat, strike”). The sense development would be \"to strike\" > \"to strike with fear\".\nAlternatively, *paw- is a homophonous but separate root meaning \"to fear\", and is perhaps cognate with Proto-Celtic *oβnus (“fear”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pawēō first-singular present indicative",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conjugation-2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "itc-conj-2nd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēōr",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēzo",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēt",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawētor",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēmos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēmor",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawētes",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēm(e?)n",
      "roman": "ai?",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēnt",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēntor",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēām",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēār",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēās",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēāzo",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēād",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēātor",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēāmos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēāmor",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēātes",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēām(e?)n",
      "roman": "ai?",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēānd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēāntor",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawistai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawe",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawed",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawomos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawistes",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēri",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēzo",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "passive",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēte",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "2nd + 3rd sing.",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawētōd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēnts",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "tu-derivative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pawēzi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "s-derivative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "itc-pro",
        "2": "verb",
        "gloss": "first-singular present indicative",
        "head": "",
        "head2": "",
        "head3": "",
        "head4": ""
      },
      "expansion": "*pawēō first-singular present indicative",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "paw",
        "2": "paw",
        "3": "paw"
      },
      "name": "itc-conj-2nd"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "desc": "second conjugation stative",
        "futr_actv_impr_2sg": "*pawētōd",
        "past_pasv_ptcp": "",
        "perf_indc_1pl": "*pawomos",
        "perf_indc_1sg": "*pawai",
        "perf_indc_2pl": "*pawistes",
        "perf_indc_2sg": "*pawistai",
        "perf_indc_3pl": "*pawēri",
        "perf_indc_3sg": "*pawe(d)",
        "pres_actv_impr_2pl": "*pawēte",
        "pres_actv_impr_2sg": "*pawē",
        "pres_actv_indc_1pl": "*pawēmos",
        "pres_actv_indc_1sg": "*pawēō",
        "pres_actv_indc_2pl": "*pawētes",
        "pres_actv_indc_2sg": "*pawēs",
        "pres_actv_indc_3pl": "*pawēnt",
        "pres_actv_indc_3sg": "*pawēt",
        "pres_actv_ptcp": "*pawēnts",
        "pres_actv_subj_1pl": "*pawēāmos",
        "pres_actv_subj_1sg": "*pawēām",
        "pres_actv_subj_2pl": "*pawēātes",
        "pres_actv_subj_2sg": "*pawēās",
        "pres_actv_subj_3pl": "*pawēānd",
        "pres_actv_subj_3sg": "*pawēād",
        "pres_pasv_impr_2sg": "*pawēzo",
        "pres_pasv_indc_1pl": "*pawēmor",
        "pres_pasv_indc_1sg": "*pawēōr",
        "pres_pasv_indc_2pl": "*pawēm(e?)n(ai?)",
        "pres_pasv_indc_2sg": "*pawēzo",
        "pres_pasv_indc_3pl": "*pawēntor",
        "pres_pasv_indc_3sg": "*pawētor",
        "pres_pasv_subj_1pl": "*pawēāmor",
        "pres_pasv_subj_1sg": "*pawēār",
        "pres_pasv_subj_2pl": "*pawēām(e?)n(ai?)",
        "pres_pasv_subj_2sg": "*pawēāzo",
        "pres_pasv_subj_3pl": "*pawēāntor",
        "pres_pasv_subj_3sg": "*pawēātor",
        "s_vn": "*pawēzi",
        "tu_vn": "*pawum",
        "type": ""
      },
      "name": "itc-conj-base"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "aor_indc_1pl": "",
        "aor_indc_1sg": "",
        "aor_indc_2pl": "",
        "aor_indc_2sg": "",
        "aor_indc_3pl": "",
        "aor_indc_3sg": "",
        "desc": "second conjugation stative",
        "futr_actv_impr_1sg": "*pawētōd",
        "past_pasv_ptcp": "",
        "perf_indc_1pl": "*pawomos",
        "perf_indc_1sg": "*pawai",
        "perf_indc_2pl": "*pawistes",
        "perf_indc_2sg": "*pawistai",
        "perf_indc_3pl": "*pawēri",
        "perf_indc_3sg": "*pawe(d)",
        "pres_actv_impr_1sg": "*pawē",
        "pres_actv_impr_2sg": "*pawēte",
        "pres_actv_indc_1pl": "*pawēmos",
        "pres_actv_indc_1sg": "*pawēō",
        "pres_actv_indc_2pl": "*pawētes",
        "pres_actv_indc_2sg": "*pawēs",
        "pres_actv_indc_3pl": "*pawēnt",
        "pres_actv_indc_3sg": "*pawēt",
        "pres_actv_ptcp": "*pawēnts",
        "pres_actv_subj_1pl": "*pawēāmos",
        "pres_actv_subj_1sg": "*pawēām",
        "pres_actv_subj_2pl": "*pawēātes",
        "pres_actv_subj_2sg": "*pawēās",
        "pres_actv_subj_3pl": "*pawēānd",
        "pres_actv_subj_3sg": "*pawēād",
        "pres_pasv_impr_1sg": "*pawēzo",
        "pres_pasv_impr_2sg": "",
        "pres_pasv_indc_1pl": "*pawēmor",
        "pres_pasv_indc_1sg": "*pawēōr",
        "pres_pasv_indc_2pl": "*pawēm(e?)n(ai?)",
        "pres_pasv_indc_2sg": "*pawēzo",
        "pres_pasv_indc_3pl": "*pawēntor",
        "pres_pasv_indc_3sg": "*pawētor",
        "pres_pasv_subj_1pl": "*pawēāmor",
        "pres_pasv_subj_1sg": "*pawēār",
        "pres_pasv_subj_2pl": "*pawēām(e?)n(ai?)",
        "pres_pasv_subj_2sg": "*pawēāzo",
        "pres_pasv_subj_3pl": "*pawēāntor",
        "pres_pasv_subj_3sg": "*pawēātor",
        "s_vn": "*pawēzi",
        "tu_vn": "*pawum"
      },
      "name": "itc-conj-base/core"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Italic",
  "lang_code": "itc-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/pawēō",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Proto-Italic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Italic lemmas",
        "Proto-Italic second conjugation verbs",
        "Proto-Italic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Proto-Italic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *paw-",
        "Proto-Italic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Proto-Italic verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to be afraid"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "afraid",
          "afraid"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "pawēō"
}

Download raw JSONL data for pawēō meaning in All languages combined (10.3kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-01 using wiktextract (142890b and 1d3fdbf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.