See parformen on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "perform"
},
"expansion": "English: perform",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: perform"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-msc",
"2": "perform",
"3": "performe"
},
"expansion": "Middle Scots: perform, performe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Scots: perform, performe"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "xno",
"3": "parformir"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Anglo-Norman parformir",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xno",
"2": "par-",
"3": "fornir",
"nocat": "1",
"t2": "to furnish"
},
"expansion": "par- + fornir (“to furnish”)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xno",
"2": "former",
"t": "to create"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman former (“to create”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "formen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English formen",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Anglo-Norman parformir, parfornir, from par- + fornir (“to furnish”).\nForms with /m/ are due to the analogy of Anglo-Norman former (“to create”) (Middle English formen); though both such forms and those with /n/ were borrowed into Middle English, the latter predominate after 1400, likely due to continuing analogical influence.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "parformeth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "parformende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "parformynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "parformed",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "parformen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to parformen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "parforme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "parforme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "parformed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "parformest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "parformedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "parformeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "parformed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "parforme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "parformed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "parforme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "parformen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "parforme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "parformeden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "parformede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "parformeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "parforme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "parformynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "parformende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "parformed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "parforme",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "parfourme",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "performe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "performen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "perfourme",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "perfourmen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "paarformyn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "par fourmi",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "parfoorme",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "perfoorme",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "parfourn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "parfourne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "parfournen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "perforne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "perfourne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "perfourny",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "parforne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "parformen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"stem": "parform"
},
"expansion": "parformen (third-person singular simple present parformeth, present participle parformende, parformynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle parformed)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "parform",
"y": "0"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 15 15 9 21 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms prefixed with par-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 11 11 28 34 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To execute, carry out, or perform (a job):",
"To fulfil a contract or directive."
],
"id": "en-parformen-enm-verb-AIpGcMfM",
"links": [
[
"execute",
"execute"
],
[
"carry out",
"carry out"
],
[
"perform",
"perform"
],
[
"job",
"job#English"
],
[
"fulfil",
"fulfil"
],
[
"contract",
"contract"
],
[
"directive",
"directive"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 15 15 9 21 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms prefixed with par-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 11 11 28 34 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To execute, carry out, or perform (a job):",
"To create or assemble (a structure)."
],
"id": "en-parformen-enm-verb-DQGwlvpV",
"links": [
[
"execute",
"execute"
],
[
"carry out",
"carry out"
],
[
"perform",
"perform"
],
[
"job",
"job#English"
],
[
"create",
"create"
],
[
"assemble",
"assemble"
],
[
"structure",
"structure#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 15 15 9 21 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms prefixed with par-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 11 11 28 34 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To execute, carry out, or perform (a job):",
"To perform (surgery, medicine)"
],
"id": "en-parformen-enm-verb-i0LdZI6P",
"links": [
[
"execute",
"execute"
],
[
"carry out",
"carry out"
],
[
"perform",
"perform"
],
[
"job",
"job#English"
],
[
"surgery",
"surgery#English"
],
[
"medicine",
"medicine#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"To execute, carry out, or perform (a job):",
"(rare) To perform (surgery, medicine)"
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 11 11 28 34 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To induce or effect (an emotion or state)."
],
"id": "en-parformen-enm-verb-WCldtE0O",
"links": [
[
"induce",
"induce"
],
[
"effect",
"effect"
],
[
"emotion",
"emotion#English"
],
[
"state",
"state#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 10 10 6 36 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 15 15 9 21 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms prefixed with par-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 11 11 6 47 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 6 6 4 51 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 7 7 5 49 11",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Architecture",
"orig": "enm:Architecture",
"parents": [
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"All topics",
"Society",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 11 11 28 34 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To finish; to make complete or whole:",
"To complete numerically; to add up to."
],
"id": "en-parformen-enm-verb-Sudnni9D",
"links": [
[
"finish",
"finish"
],
[
"complete",
"complete"
],
[
"whole",
"whole"
],
[
"add up",
"add up"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"To finish; to make complete or whole:",
"(rare) To complete numerically; to add up to."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 15 15 9 21 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms prefixed with par-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 8 92",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Time",
"orig": "enm:Time",
"parents": [
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To finish; to make complete or whole:",
"To survive or while away (time)."
],
"id": "en-parformen-enm-verb-5hTYy0aA",
"links": [
[
"finish",
"finish"
],
[
"complete",
"complete"
],
[
"whole",
"whole"
],
[
"survive",
"survive"
],
[
"while away",
"while away"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"To finish; to make complete or whole:",
"(rare) To survive or while away (time)."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/parˈfɔrmən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/parˈfuːrmən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/parˈfurmən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pɛr-/"
},
{
"ipa": "/parˈfɔrnən/",
"note": "non-analogical"
},
{
"ipa": "/parˈfuːrnən/",
"note": "non-analogical"
},
{
"ipa": "/pɛr-/",
"note": "non-analogical"
}
],
"word": "parformen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Anglo-Norman",
"Middle English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"Middle English terms prefixed with par-",
"Middle English verbs",
"Middle English weak verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Architecture",
"enm:Emotions",
"enm:Time"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "perform"
},
"expansion": "English: perform",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: perform"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-msc",
"2": "perform",
"3": "performe"
},
"expansion": "Middle Scots: perform, performe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Scots: perform, performe"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "xno",
"3": "parformir"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Anglo-Norman parformir",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xno",
"2": "par-",
"3": "fornir",
"nocat": "1",
"t2": "to furnish"
},
"expansion": "par- + fornir (“to furnish”)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xno",
"2": "former",
"t": "to create"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman former (“to create”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "formen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English formen",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Anglo-Norman parformir, parfornir, from par- + fornir (“to furnish”).\nForms with /m/ are due to the analogy of Anglo-Norman former (“to create”) (Middle English formen); though both such forms and those with /n/ were borrowed into Middle English, the latter predominate after 1400, likely due to continuing analogical influence.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "parformeth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "parformende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "parformynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "parformed",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "parformen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to parformen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "parforme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "parforme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "parformed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "parformest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "parformedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "parformeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "parformed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "parforme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "parformed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "parforme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "parformen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "parforme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "parformeden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "parformede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "parformeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "parforme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "parformynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "parformende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "parformed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "parforme",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "parfourme",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "performe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "performen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "perfourme",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "perfourmen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "paarformyn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "par fourmi",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "parfoorme",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "perfoorme",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "parfourn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "parfourne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "parfournen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "perforne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "perfourne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "perfourny",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "parforne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "parformen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"stem": "parform"
},
"expansion": "parformen (third-person singular simple present parformeth, present participle parformende, parformynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle parformed)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "parform",
"y": "0"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To execute, carry out, or perform (a job):",
"To fulfil a contract or directive."
],
"links": [
[
"execute",
"execute"
],
[
"carry out",
"carry out"
],
[
"perform",
"perform"
],
[
"job",
"job#English"
],
[
"fulfil",
"fulfil"
],
[
"contract",
"contract"
],
[
"directive",
"directive"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To execute, carry out, or perform (a job):",
"To create or assemble (a structure)."
],
"links": [
[
"execute",
"execute"
],
[
"carry out",
"carry out"
],
[
"perform",
"perform"
],
[
"job",
"job#English"
],
[
"create",
"create"
],
[
"assemble",
"assemble"
],
[
"structure",
"structure#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To execute, carry out, or perform (a job):",
"To perform (surgery, medicine)"
],
"links": [
[
"execute",
"execute"
],
[
"carry out",
"carry out"
],
[
"perform",
"perform"
],
[
"job",
"job#English"
],
[
"surgery",
"surgery#English"
],
[
"medicine",
"medicine#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"To execute, carry out, or perform (a job):",
"(rare) To perform (surgery, medicine)"
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To induce or effect (an emotion or state)."
],
"links": [
[
"induce",
"induce"
],
[
"effect",
"effect"
],
[
"emotion",
"emotion#English"
],
[
"state",
"state#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To finish; to make complete or whole:",
"To complete numerically; to add up to."
],
"links": [
[
"finish",
"finish"
],
[
"complete",
"complete"
],
[
"whole",
"whole"
],
[
"add up",
"add up"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"To finish; to make complete or whole:",
"(rare) To complete numerically; to add up to."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To finish; to make complete or whole:",
"To survive or while away (time)."
],
"links": [
[
"finish",
"finish"
],
[
"complete",
"complete"
],
[
"whole",
"whole"
],
[
"survive",
"survive"
],
[
"while away",
"while away"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"To finish; to make complete or whole:",
"(rare) To survive or while away (time)."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/parˈfɔrmən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/parˈfuːrmən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/parˈfurmən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pɛr-/"
},
{
"ipa": "/parˈfɔrnən/",
"note": "non-analogical"
},
{
"ipa": "/parˈfuːrnən/",
"note": "non-analogical"
},
{
"ipa": "/pɛr-/",
"note": "non-analogical"
}
],
"word": "parformen"
}
Download raw JSONL data for parformen meaning in All languages combined (7.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-20 using wiktextract (4eaa824 and ea19a0a). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.