See parel on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "kansparel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "parelen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "parelhoen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "parelmoer"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "pêrel"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: pêrel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: pêrel"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dcr",
"2": "perl",
"3": "peerl"
},
"expansion": "Negerhollands: perl, peerl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Negerhollands: perl, peerl"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "perle"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch perle",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "fr",
"3": "perle"
},
"expansion": "French perle",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "it",
"3": "perla"
},
"expansion": "Italian perla",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "perla"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin perla",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "la",
"3": "perna",
"4": "",
"5": "clam, pearl"
},
"expansion": "Latin perna (“clam, pearl”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pearl"
},
"expansion": "English pearl",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "fr",
"3": "perle"
},
"expansion": "French perle",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch perle, peerle, paerle, parle, presumably via French perle, from Italian perla, from Medieval Latin perla, plausibly a diminutive of Latin perna (“clam, pearl”).\nCognate with English pearl; alternative derivations from Latin birna (“pear”) or beryllus (“beryl”) lack plausibility; the letter sense is apparently popular etymology from nonparel, itself from French nonpareille. Its typographic use is from French perle, following the name given by Jean Jannon to the type used in his miniature editions of Vergil, Horace, & the New Testament in the 1620s, which were the smallest printed works to his time.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "parels",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "parelen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pareltje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "-s",
"3": "+",
"pl2": "-@en"
},
"expansion": "parel f (plural parels or parelen, diminutive pareltje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pa‧rel"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a pearl, a precious, round shelly concretion from oysters or other molluscs"
],
"id": "en-parel-nl-noun-wECXYvq7",
"links": [
[
"pearl",
"pearl"
],
[
"oyster",
"oyster"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"its imitation"
],
"id": "en-parel-nl-noun-y~qh6pc6",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 7 46 4 24 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 5 50 3 20 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 3 52 2 22 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mother of pearl, the natural material pearls are made from"
],
"id": "en-parel-nl-noun-vgTs-Vhj",
"links": [
[
"mother of pearl",
"mother of pearl"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"anything resembling a pearl's irregular ball-shape, notably a drop of liquid"
],
"id": "en-parel-nl-noun-FJWSEIIE",
"links": [
[
"drop",
"drop"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"(One of) the best quality, first pick, the cream"
],
"id": "en-parel-nl-noun-SArTKuXr",
"links": [
[
"cream",
"cream"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) (One of) the best quality, first pick, the cream"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "nl",
"name": "Printing",
"orig": "nl:Printing",
"parents": [
"Industries",
"Business",
"Economics",
"Society",
"Social sciences",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the size of type between diamant and nonparel, equated with the English pearl and standardized as 5 point"
],
"id": "en-parel-nl-noun-OoCoQRt7",
"links": [
[
"printing",
"printing#Noun"
],
[
"size",
"size"
],
[
"type",
"type"
],
[
"diamant",
"diamant"
],
[
"nonparel",
"nonparel"
],
[
"equate",
"equate"
],
[
"English",
"English"
],
[
"pearl",
"pearl"
],
[
"standardize",
"standardize"
],
[
"point",
"point"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(printing, dated) the size of type between diamant and nonparel, equated with the English pearl and standardized as 5 point"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "parisienne"
}
],
"tags": [
"dated",
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"media",
"printing",
"publishing"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpaː.rəl/"
},
{
"audio": "nl-parel.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/13/Nl-parel.ogg/Nl-parel.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/13/Nl-parel.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːrəl"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "paarl"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "paerl"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "paarle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "paerle"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Horace",
"Jean Jannon",
"New Testament",
"Vergil"
],
"word": "parel"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pag",
"2": "es",
"3": "pared"
},
"expansion": "Spanish pared",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Corruption of Spanish pared.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "parél",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "parél"
},
"expansion": "parél",
"name": "pag-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pa‧rel"
],
"lang": "Pangasinan",
"lang_code": "pag",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pangasinan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"stone or concrete wall or fence"
],
"id": "en-parel-pag-noun-ggpSn2WL",
"links": [
[
"stone",
"stone"
],
[
"concrete",
"concrete"
],
[
"wall",
"wall"
],
[
"fence",
"fence"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "alar"
},
{
"word": "asingger"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/paˈɾel/"
},
{
"ipa": "[paˈɾɪl]"
}
],
"word": "parel"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch feminine nouns",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -s",
"Dutch terms derived from French",
"Dutch terms derived from Italian",
"Dutch terms derived from Latin",
"Dutch terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Dutch/aːrəl"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "kansparel"
},
{
"word": "parelen"
},
{
"word": "parelhoen"
},
{
"word": "parelmoer"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "pêrel"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: pêrel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: pêrel"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dcr",
"2": "perl",
"3": "peerl"
},
"expansion": "Negerhollands: perl, peerl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Negerhollands: perl, peerl"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "perle"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch perle",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "fr",
"3": "perle"
},
"expansion": "French perle",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "it",
"3": "perla"
},
"expansion": "Italian perla",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "perla"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin perla",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "la",
"3": "perna",
"4": "",
"5": "clam, pearl"
},
"expansion": "Latin perna (“clam, pearl”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pearl"
},
"expansion": "English pearl",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "fr",
"3": "perle"
},
"expansion": "French perle",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch perle, peerle, paerle, parle, presumably via French perle, from Italian perla, from Medieval Latin perla, plausibly a diminutive of Latin perna (“clam, pearl”).\nCognate with English pearl; alternative derivations from Latin birna (“pear”) or beryllus (“beryl”) lack plausibility; the letter sense is apparently popular etymology from nonparel, itself from French nonpareille. Its typographic use is from French perle, following the name given by Jean Jannon to the type used in his miniature editions of Vergil, Horace, & the New Testament in the 1620s, which were the smallest printed works to his time.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "parels",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "parelen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pareltje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "-s",
"3": "+",
"pl2": "-@en"
},
"expansion": "parel f (plural parels or parelen, diminutive pareltje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pa‧rel"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a pearl, a precious, round shelly concretion from oysters or other molluscs"
],
"links": [
[
"pearl",
"pearl"
],
[
"oyster",
"oyster"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"its imitation"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"mother of pearl, the natural material pearls are made from"
],
"links": [
[
"mother of pearl",
"mother of pearl"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"anything resembling a pearl's irregular ball-shape, notably a drop of liquid"
],
"links": [
[
"drop",
"drop"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"(One of) the best quality, first pick, the cream"
],
"links": [
[
"cream",
"cream"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) (One of) the best quality, first pick, the cream"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Dutch dated terms",
"nl:Printing"
],
"glosses": [
"the size of type between diamant and nonparel, equated with the English pearl and standardized as 5 point"
],
"links": [
[
"printing",
"printing#Noun"
],
[
"size",
"size"
],
[
"type",
"type"
],
[
"diamant",
"diamant"
],
[
"nonparel",
"nonparel"
],
[
"equate",
"equate"
],
[
"English",
"English"
],
[
"pearl",
"pearl"
],
[
"standardize",
"standardize"
],
[
"point",
"point"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(printing, dated) the size of type between diamant and nonparel, equated with the English pearl and standardized as 5 point"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "parisienne"
}
],
"tags": [
"dated",
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"media",
"printing",
"publishing"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpaː.rəl/"
},
{
"audio": "nl-parel.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/13/Nl-parel.ogg/Nl-parel.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/13/Nl-parel.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːrəl"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "paarl"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "paerl"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "paarle"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "paerle"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Horace",
"Jean Jannon",
"New Testament",
"Vergil"
],
"word": "parel"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pag",
"2": "es",
"3": "pared"
},
"expansion": "Spanish pared",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Corruption of Spanish pared.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "parél",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "parél"
},
"expansion": "parél",
"name": "pag-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pa‧rel"
],
"lang": "Pangasinan",
"lang_code": "pag",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "alar"
},
{
"word": "asingger"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pangasinan entries with incorrect language header",
"Pangasinan lemmas",
"Pangasinan nouns",
"Pangasinan terms borrowed from Spanish",
"Pangasinan terms derived from Spanish",
"Pangasinan terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"stone or concrete wall or fence"
],
"links": [
[
"stone",
"stone"
],
[
"concrete",
"concrete"
],
[
"wall",
"wall"
],
[
"fence",
"fence"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/paˈɾel/"
},
{
"ipa": "[paˈɾɪl]"
}
],
"word": "parel"
}
Download raw JSONL data for parel meaning in All languages combined (5.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.