paramus in All languages combined

IPA: [ˈpa.ra.mʊs] [Classical-Latin], [ˈpaː.ra.mus] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Etymology: Possibly from Paleo-Hispanic, from a superlative of Proto-Indo-European *per- (“before”), meaning "the highest" (or similar). Cognate with Pali parama (“superior, excellent”). This same element is present in Hispanic autochthonous personal names (e.g. Anparamo), theonyms (e.g. Paramaecus) and toponyms (e.g. Paramica) recorded in Roman inscriptions, or by Greek and Roman authors. Etymology templates: {{der|la|qsb-ibe|-}} Paleo-Hispanic, {{der|la|ine-pro|*per-||before}} Proto-Indo-European *per- (“before”), {{cog|pi|parama<t:superior, excellent>}} Pali parama (“superior, excellent”) Head templates: {{la-noun|paramus<2>}} paramus m (genitive paramī); second declension Inflection templates: {{la-ndecl|paramus<2>}} Forms: paramī [genitive], no-table-tags [table-tags], paramus [nominative, singular], paramī [nominative, plural], paramī [genitive, singular], paramōrum [genitive, plural], paramō [dative, singular], paramīs [dative, plural], paramum [accusative, singular], paramōs [accusative, plural], paramō [ablative, singular], paramīs [ablative, plural], parame [singular, vocative], paramī [plural, vocative]

Verb [Latin]

Inflected forms

[Show JSON for postprocessed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▼] [Hide JSON for postprocessed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▲]

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Galician",
          "lang_code": "gl",
          "word": "paraño"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "lang_code": "pt",
          "word": "paranho"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
      "lang_code": "roa-opt",
      "word": "paranho"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "paramo"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "word": "páramo"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "qsb-ibe",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Paleo-Hispanic",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*per-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "before"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *per- (“before”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pi",
        "2": "parama<t:superior, excellent>"
      },
      "expansion": "Pali parama (“superior, excellent”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Possibly from Paleo-Hispanic, from a superlative of Proto-Indo-European *per- (“before”), meaning \"the highest\" (or similar). Cognate with Pali parama (“superior, excellent”).\nThis same element is present in Hispanic autochthonous personal names (e.g. Anparamo), theonyms (e.g. Paramaecus) and toponyms (e.g. Paramica) recorded in Roman inscriptions, or by Greek and Roman authors.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "paramī",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "paramus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "paramī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "paramī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "paramōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "paramō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "paramīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "paramum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "paramōs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "paramō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "paramīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "parame",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "paramī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "paramus<2>"
      },
      "expansion": "paramus m (genitive paramī); second declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "paramus<2>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a fallow plateau or highland; a wasteland"
      ],
      "id": "en-paramus-la-noun-QCUzRsk~",
      "links": [
        [
          "fallow",
          "fallow"
        ],
        [
          "plateau",
          "plateau"
        ],
        [
          "highland",
          "highland"
        ],
        [
          "wasteland",
          "wasteland"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "Iberia",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Iberia) a fallow plateau or highland; a wasteland"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpa.ra.mʊs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpaː.ra.mus]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "paramus"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "parāmus",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "verb form",
        "head": "parāmus"
      },
      "expansion": "parāmus",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "13 87",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 95",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 95",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "first-person plural present/perfect active indicative of parō"
      ],
      "id": "en-paramus-la-verb-Yzlr3wQy",
      "links": [
        [
          "parō",
          "paro#Latin"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[paˈraː.mʊs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[paˈraː.mus]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "paramus"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 3-syllable words",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin masculine nouns",
    "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
    "Latin non-lemma forms",
    "Latin nouns",
    "Latin second declension nouns",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms derived from a Paleo-Hispanic substrate",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Latin verb forms",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Galician",
          "lang_code": "gl",
          "word": "paraño"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "lang_code": "pt",
          "word": "paranho"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
      "lang_code": "roa-opt",
      "word": "paranho"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "paramo"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "word": "páramo"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "qsb-ibe",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Paleo-Hispanic",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*per-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "before"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *per- (“before”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pi",
        "2": "parama<t:superior, excellent>"
      },
      "expansion": "Pali parama (“superior, excellent”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Possibly from Paleo-Hispanic, from a superlative of Proto-Indo-European *per- (“before”), meaning \"the highest\" (or similar). Cognate with Pali parama (“superior, excellent”).\nThis same element is present in Hispanic autochthonous personal names (e.g. Anparamo), theonyms (e.g. Paramaecus) and toponyms (e.g. Paramica) recorded in Roman inscriptions, or by Greek and Roman authors.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "paramī",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "paramus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "paramī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "paramī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "paramōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "paramō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "paramīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "paramum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "paramōs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "paramō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "paramīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "parame",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "paramī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "paramus<2>"
      },
      "expansion": "paramus m (genitive paramī); second declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "paramus<2>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a fallow plateau or highland; a wasteland"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fallow",
          "fallow"
        ],
        [
          "plateau",
          "plateau"
        ],
        [
          "highland",
          "highland"
        ],
        [
          "wasteland",
          "wasteland"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "Iberia",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Iberia) a fallow plateau or highland; a wasteland"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpa.ra.mʊs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpaː.ra.mus]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "paramus"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 3-syllable words",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin non-lemma forms",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Latin verb forms",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "parāmus",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "verb form",
        "head": "parāmus"
      },
      "expansion": "parāmus",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "first-person plural present/perfect active indicative of parō"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "parō",
          "paro#Latin"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[paˈraː.mʊs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[paˈraː.mus]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "paramus"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-02 using wiktextract (ddb1505 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"paramus" meaning in All languages combined

Noun [Latin]

Verb [Latin]

Inflected forms