See pahain on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*pahainën"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *pahainën",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "paha",
"3": "-in",
"id2": "similative",
"t1": "bad"
},
"expansion": "paha (“bad”) + -in",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "pahainen"
},
"expansion": "Finnish pahainen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "pahane"
},
"expansion": "Estonian pahane",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *pahainën, equivalent to paha (“bad”) + -in. Cognates include Finnish pahainen and Estonian pahane.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "izh-decl/kärpäin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "1/kärpäin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "pahain",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaiset",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisiin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaista",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaist",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisii",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisees",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisiis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisist",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaiselle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaiseel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisiil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaiselt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisilt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaiseks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisiks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisenna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaiseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisinna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisiin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisent",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisint",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "pahain",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pa‧hain"
],
"lang": "Ingrian",
"lang_code": "izh",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bad, poor"
],
"id": "en-pahain-izh-adj-2laUo7H9",
"links": [
[
"bad",
"bad"
],
[
"poor",
"poor"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 86",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ingrian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 93",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ingrian terms suffixed with -in (similative)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 61 31 0 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 62 30 0 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
3,
7
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
27,
36
]
],
"english": "So thin it [the bird] has become.",
"ref": "1936, D. I. Efimov, Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 10:",
"text": "Niin hää [lintu] ono jäänt pahaiseks.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"thin, slim"
],
"id": "en-pahain-izh-adj-jk2SNwpd",
"links": [
[
"thin",
"thin"
],
[
"slim",
"slim"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɑhɑi̯ne/",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpɑhɑi̯n]",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɑhɑi̯n/",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpɑxˑɑi̯n]",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑhɑi̯n"
}
],
"word": "pahain"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*pahainën"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *pahainën",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "paha",
"3": "-in"
},
"expansion": "paha + -in",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *pahainën, equivalent to paha + -in.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "vot-decl/sinin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "XII/sinin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "pahain",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaizõd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaizõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisiijõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisii",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaissõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisiitõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisii",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisõsõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisiisõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaizõz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisiiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaizõssõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisiissõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaizõlõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisiilõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaizõllõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisiillõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaizõltõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisiiltõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaizõssi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisiissi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "pahain",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pa‧hain"
],
"lang": "Votic",
"lang_code": "vot",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "76 8 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Votic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "83 0 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Votic sinin-type nominals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "87 0 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Votic terms suffixed with -in",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"skinny, slim, thin"
],
"id": "en-pahain-vot-adj-IQVjeox7",
"links": [
[
"skinny",
"skinny"
],
[
"slim",
"slim"
],
[
"thin",
"thin"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"bad, poor"
],
"id": "en-pahain-vot-adj-2laUo7H9",
"links": [
[
"bad",
"bad"
],
[
"poor",
"poor"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"poor, miserable, wretched"
],
"id": "en-pahain-vot-adj-cuXrbodA",
"links": [
[
"poor",
"poor"
],
[
"miserable",
"miserable"
],
[
"wretched",
"wretched"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɑhɑi̯n/",
"note": "Luutsa, Liivtšülä"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpɑhɑi̯n]",
"note": "Luutsa, Liivtšülä"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑhɑi̯n"
}
],
"word": "pahain"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ingrian adjectives",
"Ingrian entries with incorrect language header",
"Ingrian lemmas",
"Ingrian terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
"Ingrian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic",
"Ingrian terms suffixed with -in (similative)",
"Ingrian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Ingrian/ɑhɑi̯n",
"Rhymes:Ingrian/ɑhɑi̯n/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*pahainën"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *pahainën",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "paha",
"3": "-in",
"id2": "similative",
"t1": "bad"
},
"expansion": "paha (“bad”) + -in",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "pahainen"
},
"expansion": "Finnish pahainen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "pahane"
},
"expansion": "Estonian pahane",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *pahainën, equivalent to paha (“bad”) + -in. Cognates include Finnish pahainen and Estonian pahane.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "izh-decl/kärpäin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "1/kärpäin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "pahain",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaiset",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisiin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaista",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaist",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisii",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisees",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisiis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisist",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaiselle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaiseel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisiil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaiselt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisilt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaiseks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisiks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisenna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaiseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisinna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisiin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisent",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisint",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "pahain",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pa‧hain"
],
"lang": "Ingrian",
"lang_code": "izh",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bad, poor"
],
"links": [
[
"bad",
"bad"
],
[
"poor",
"poor"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Ingrian terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
3,
7
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
27,
36
]
],
"english": "So thin it [the bird] has become.",
"ref": "1936, D. I. Efimov, Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 10:",
"text": "Niin hää [lintu] ono jäänt pahaiseks.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"thin, slim"
],
"links": [
[
"thin",
"thin"
],
[
"slim",
"slim"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɑhɑi̯ne/",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpɑhɑi̯n]",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɑhɑi̯n/",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpɑxˑɑi̯n]",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑhɑi̯n"
}
],
"word": "pahain"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Votic/ɑhɑi̯n",
"Rhymes:Votic/ɑhɑi̯n/2 syllables",
"Votic adjectives",
"Votic entries with incorrect language header",
"Votic lemmas",
"Votic sinin-type nominals",
"Votic terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
"Votic terms inherited from Proto-Finnic",
"Votic terms suffixed with -in",
"Votic terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*pahainën"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *pahainën",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "paha",
"3": "-in"
},
"expansion": "paha + -in",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *pahainën, equivalent to paha + -in.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "vot-decl/sinin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "XII/sinin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "pahain",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaizõd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaizõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisiijõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisii",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaissõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisiitõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisii",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisõsõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisiisõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaizõz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisiiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaizõssõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisiissõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaizõlõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisiilõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaizõllõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisiillõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaizõltõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisiiltõ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaizõssi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaisiissi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "pahain",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pa‧hain"
],
"lang": "Votic",
"lang_code": "vot",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"skinny, slim, thin"
],
"links": [
[
"skinny",
"skinny"
],
[
"slim",
"slim"
],
[
"thin",
"thin"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"bad, poor"
],
"links": [
[
"bad",
"bad"
],
[
"poor",
"poor"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"poor, miserable, wretched"
],
"links": [
[
"poor",
"poor"
],
[
"miserable",
"miserable"
],
[
"wretched",
"wretched"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɑhɑi̯n/",
"note": "Luutsa, Liivtšülä"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpɑhɑi̯n]",
"note": "Luutsa, Liivtšülä"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑhɑi̯n"
}
],
"word": "pahain"
}
Download raw JSONL data for pahain meaning in All languages combined (7.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-03 using wiktextract (74c5344 and fb63907). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.