"ovadъ" meaning in All languages combined

See ovadъ on Wiktionary

Noun [Proto-Slavic]

Etymology: Morphologically from *o(b)- + *(v)adъ. Proposed etymologies for the stem element: * Miklošič, Brugmann, Zubatý: Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ṓˀdas (“biter, stinger”), either from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ed- (“to bite”) or possibly an o-grade of *h₁ed- (“to eat”). Cognate with Lithuanian úodas (“mosquito”), Latvian uôds, ods (“gnat, mosquito”). Compare also dialectal Belarusian вадзе́нь (vadzjénʹ, “gadfly”) (earlier *(v)adьňь). * Pokorny: From Proto-Indo-European *wedʰ- (“to shove, to push”), akin to Sanskrit वध् (vadh, “to slay, to strike down”), Ancient Greek ὠθέω (ōthéō, “to push”). * Machek: From a substrate language, possibly related to Latin tabānus (“gadfly”). Trubachev alternatively interprets the word as a compound of *ov- (“sheep”) + *adъ (“eater, biter”), since warble flies (and related insects) usually attack livestock. Etymology templates: {{prefix|sla-pro|*ob-|*adъ|alt1=*o(b)-|alt2=*(v)adъ}} *o(b)- + *(v)adъ, {{inh|sla-pro|ine-bsl-pro|*ṓˀdas||biter, stinger}} Proto-Balto-Slavic *ṓˀdas (“biter, stinger”), {{der|sla-pro|ine-pro|*h₃ed-||to bite}} Proto-Indo-European *h₃ed- (“to bite”), {{cog|lt|úodas||mosquito}} Lithuanian úodas (“mosquito”), {{cog|lv|uôds}} Latvian uôds, {{cog|be|вадзе́нь||gadfly}} Belarusian вадзе́нь (vadzjénʹ, “gadfly”), {{der|sla-pro|ine-pro|*wedʰ-||to shove, to push}} Proto-Indo-European *wedʰ- (“to shove, to push”), {{cog|sa|वध्||to slay, to strike down}} Sanskrit वध् (vadh, “to slay, to strike down”), {{cog|grc|ὠθέω||to push}} Ancient Greek ὠθέω (ōthéō, “to push”), {{cog|la|tabānus||gadfly}} Latin tabānus (“gadfly”), {{compound|sla-pro|*ovьca|*ědъ|alt1=*ov-|alt2=*adъ|nocat=1|t1=sheep|t2=eater, biter}} *ov- (“sheep”) + *adъ (“eater, biter”) Inflection templates: {{sla-decl-noun}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], ovadъ [nominative, singular], ovada [dual, nominative], ovadi [nominative, plural], ovada [genitive, singular], ovadu [dual, genitive], ovadъ [genitive, plural], ovadu [dative, singular], ovadoma [dative, dual], ovadomъ [dative, plural], ovadъ [accusative, singular], ovada [accusative, dual], ovady [accusative, plural], ovadъmь [instrumental, singular], ovadomь [instrumental, singular], ovadoma [dual, instrumental], ovady [instrumental, plural], ovadě [locative, singular], ovadu [dual, locative], ovaděxъ [locative, plural], ovade [singular, vocative], ovada [dual, vocative], ovadi [plural, vocative]
  1. biting insect (horsefly/stable fly/gadfly, hornet) Wikipedia link: Marko Snoj Tags: masculine, reconstruction Synonyms: obadъ, ovodъ (english: East Slavic) Related terms: jadъ (english: hate, anger), ědъ (english: eating), ědьcь (english: eater)

Download JSON data for ovadъ meaning in All languages combined (9.7kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "оводъ"
          },
          "expansion": "Old East Slavic: оводъ (ovodŭ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old East Slavic: оводъ (ovodŭ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "авадзе́нь",
            "3": "ава́д",
            "t": "warble fly"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: авадзе́нь (avadzjénʹ, “warble fly”), ава́д (avád)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dialectal"
          },
          "expansion": "(dialectal)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: авадзе́нь (avadzjénʹ, “warble fly”), ава́д (avád); вадзе́нь (vadzjénʹ) (dialectal)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "о́вад",
            "3": "о́вод"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: о́вад (óvad), о́вод (óvod)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: о́вад (óvad), о́вод (óvod)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "о́вад",
            "3": "о́від"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: о́вад (óvad), о́від (óvid)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: о́вад (óvad), о́від (óvid)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "овадъ",
            "3": "обадъ"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic: овадъ (ovadŭ), обадъ (obadŭ)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Serbian rendition"
          },
          "expansion": "(Serbian rendition)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Church Slavonic: овадъ (ovadŭ), обадъ (obadŭ) (Serbian rendition)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "о́вад",
            "t": "stable fly, hornet"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: о́вад (óvad, “stable fly, hornet”)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dialectal"
          },
          "expansion": "(dialectal)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: о́вад (óvad, “stable fly, hornet”) (dialectal)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "о̏ба̄д",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Cyrillic script: о̏ба̄д",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cyrillic script: о̏ба̄д"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "ȍbād",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin script: ȍbād",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin script: ȍbād"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "obȃd",
            "alt": "",
            "bor": "",
            "der": "",
            "g": "",
            "pos": "",
            "t": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: obȃd",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tonal orthography"
          },
          "expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
          "name": "i"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "obȃd"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: obȃd (tonal orthography)",
          "name": "desc/sl-tonal"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: obȃd (tonal orthography)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-ocs",
            "2": "ovád",
            "t": "horsefly"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Czech: ovád (“horsefly”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Czech: ovád (“horsefly”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "ovád",
            "t": "horsefly"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: ovád (“horsefly”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: ovád (“horsefly”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Chod dialect"
          },
          "expansion": "(Chod dialect)",
          "name": "a"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bohemian (Chod dialect): hovád (“horsefly”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "csb",
            "2": "òwôd"
          },
          "expansion": "Kashubian: òwôd",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kashubian: òwôd"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "owad"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: owad",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: owad"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "szl",
            "2": "ôwada"
          },
          "expansion": "Silesian: ôwada",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Silesian: ôwada"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-osk",
            "2": "ovad"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Slovak: ovad",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Slovak: ovad"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "ovad"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: ovad",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: ovad"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*ob-",
        "3": "*adъ",
        "alt1": "*o(b)-",
        "alt2": "*(v)adъ"
      },
      "expansion": "*o(b)- + *(v)adъ",
      "name": "prefix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "3": "*ṓˀdas",
        "4": "",
        "5": "biter, stinger"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *ṓˀdas (“biter, stinger”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₃ed-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to bite"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃ed- (“to bite”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "úodas",
        "3": "",
        "4": "mosquito"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian úodas (“mosquito”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "uôds"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian uôds",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "be",
        "2": "вадзе́нь",
        "3": "",
        "4": "gadfly"
      },
      "expansion": "Belarusian вадзе́нь (vadzjénʹ, “gadfly”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*wedʰ-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to shove, to push"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wedʰ- (“to shove, to push”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "वध्",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to slay, to strike down"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit वध् (vadh, “to slay, to strike down”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ὠθέω",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to push"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ὠθέω (ōthéō, “to push”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "tabānus",
        "3": "",
        "4": "gadfly"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin tabānus (“gadfly”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*ovьca",
        "3": "*ědъ",
        "alt1": "*ov-",
        "alt2": "*adъ",
        "nocat": "1",
        "t1": "sheep",
        "t2": "eater, biter"
      },
      "expansion": "*ov- (“sheep”) + *adъ (“eater, biter”)",
      "name": "compound"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Morphologically from *o(b)- + *(v)adъ. Proposed etymologies for the stem element:\n* Miklošič, Brugmann, Zubatý: Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ṓˀdas (“biter, stinger”), either from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ed- (“to bite”) or possibly an o-grade of *h₁ed- (“to eat”). Cognate with Lithuanian úodas (“mosquito”), Latvian uôds, ods (“gnat, mosquito”). Compare also dialectal Belarusian вадзе́нь (vadzjénʹ, “gadfly”) (earlier *(v)adьňь).\n* Pokorny: From Proto-Indo-European *wedʰ- (“to shove, to push”), akin to Sanskrit वध् (vadh, “to slay, to strike down”), Ancient Greek ὠθέω (ōthéō, “to push”).\n* Machek: From a substrate language, possibly related to Latin tabānus (“gadfly”).\nTrubachev alternatively interprets the word as a compound of *ov- (“sheep”) + *adъ (“eater, biter”), since warble flies (and related insects) usually attack livestock.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "o-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ovadъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ovada",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ovadi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ovada",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ovadu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ovadъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ovadu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ovadoma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ovadomъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ovadъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ovada",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ovady",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ovadъmь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ovadomь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ovadoma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ovady",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ovadě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ovadu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ovaděxъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ovade",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ovada",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ovadi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "sla-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ovadъ",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic terms prefixed with *ob-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Slovene quotations with omitted translation",
          "parents": [
            "Quotations with omitted translation",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "biting insect (horsefly/stable fly/gadfly, hornet)"
      ],
      "id": "en-ovadъ-sla-pro-noun-~FAT66SH",
      "links": [
        [
          "biting",
          "biting"
        ],
        [
          "insect",
          "insect"
        ],
        [
          "horsefly",
          "horsefly"
        ],
        [
          "stable fly",
          "stable fly"
        ],
        [
          "gadfly",
          "gadfly"
        ],
        [
          "hornet",
          "hornet"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "english": "hate, anger",
          "word": "jadъ"
        },
        {
          "english": "eating",
          "word": "ědъ"
        },
        {
          "english": "eater",
          "word": "ědьcь"
        }
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "obadъ"
        },
        {
          "english": "East Slavic",
          "word": "ovodъ"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Marko Snoj"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ovadъ"
}
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "оводъ"
          },
          "expansion": "Old East Slavic: оводъ (ovodŭ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old East Slavic: оводъ (ovodŭ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "авадзе́нь",
            "3": "ава́д",
            "t": "warble fly"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: авадзе́нь (avadzjénʹ, “warble fly”), ава́д (avád)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dialectal"
          },
          "expansion": "(dialectal)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: авадзе́нь (avadzjénʹ, “warble fly”), ава́д (avád); вадзе́нь (vadzjénʹ) (dialectal)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "о́вад",
            "3": "о́вод"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: о́вад (óvad), о́вод (óvod)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: о́вад (óvad), о́вод (óvod)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "о́вад",
            "3": "о́від"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: о́вад (óvad), о́від (óvid)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: о́вад (óvad), о́від (óvid)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "овадъ",
            "3": "обадъ"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic: овадъ (ovadŭ), обадъ (obadŭ)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Serbian rendition"
          },
          "expansion": "(Serbian rendition)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Church Slavonic: овадъ (ovadŭ), обадъ (obadŭ) (Serbian rendition)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "о́вад",
            "t": "stable fly, hornet"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: о́вад (óvad, “stable fly, hornet”)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dialectal"
          },
          "expansion": "(dialectal)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: о́вад (óvad, “stable fly, hornet”) (dialectal)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "о̏ба̄д",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Cyrillic script: о̏ба̄д",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cyrillic script: о̏ба̄д"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "ȍbād",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin script: ȍbād",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin script: ȍbād"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "obȃd",
            "alt": "",
            "bor": "",
            "der": "",
            "g": "",
            "pos": "",
            "t": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: obȃd",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tonal orthography"
          },
          "expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
          "name": "i"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "obȃd"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: obȃd (tonal orthography)",
          "name": "desc/sl-tonal"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: obȃd (tonal orthography)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-ocs",
            "2": "ovád",
            "t": "horsefly"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Czech: ovád (“horsefly”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Czech: ovád (“horsefly”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "ovád",
            "t": "horsefly"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: ovád (“horsefly”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: ovád (“horsefly”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Chod dialect"
          },
          "expansion": "(Chod dialect)",
          "name": "a"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bohemian (Chod dialect): hovád (“horsefly”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "csb",
            "2": "òwôd"
          },
          "expansion": "Kashubian: òwôd",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kashubian: òwôd"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "owad"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: owad",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: owad"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "szl",
            "2": "ôwada"
          },
          "expansion": "Silesian: ôwada",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Silesian: ôwada"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-osk",
            "2": "ovad"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Slovak: ovad",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Slovak: ovad"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "ovad"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: ovad",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: ovad"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*ob-",
        "3": "*adъ",
        "alt1": "*o(b)-",
        "alt2": "*(v)adъ"
      },
      "expansion": "*o(b)- + *(v)adъ",
      "name": "prefix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "3": "*ṓˀdas",
        "4": "",
        "5": "biter, stinger"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *ṓˀdas (“biter, stinger”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₃ed-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to bite"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃ed- (“to bite”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "úodas",
        "3": "",
        "4": "mosquito"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian úodas (“mosquito”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "uôds"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian uôds",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "be",
        "2": "вадзе́нь",
        "3": "",
        "4": "gadfly"
      },
      "expansion": "Belarusian вадзе́нь (vadzjénʹ, “gadfly”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*wedʰ-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to shove, to push"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wedʰ- (“to shove, to push”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "वध्",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to slay, to strike down"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit वध् (vadh, “to slay, to strike down”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ὠθέω",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to push"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ὠθέω (ōthéō, “to push”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "tabānus",
        "3": "",
        "4": "gadfly"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin tabānus (“gadfly”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*ovьca",
        "3": "*ědъ",
        "alt1": "*ov-",
        "alt2": "*adъ",
        "nocat": "1",
        "t1": "sheep",
        "t2": "eater, biter"
      },
      "expansion": "*ov- (“sheep”) + *adъ (“eater, biter”)",
      "name": "compound"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Morphologically from *o(b)- + *(v)adъ. Proposed etymologies for the stem element:\n* Miklošič, Brugmann, Zubatý: Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ṓˀdas (“biter, stinger”), either from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ed- (“to bite”) or possibly an o-grade of *h₁ed- (“to eat”). Cognate with Lithuanian úodas (“mosquito”), Latvian uôds, ods (“gnat, mosquito”). Compare also dialectal Belarusian вадзе́нь (vadzjénʹ, “gadfly”) (earlier *(v)adьňь).\n* Pokorny: From Proto-Indo-European *wedʰ- (“to shove, to push”), akin to Sanskrit वध् (vadh, “to slay, to strike down”), Ancient Greek ὠθέω (ōthéō, “to push”).\n* Machek: From a substrate language, possibly related to Latin tabānus (“gadfly”).\nTrubachev alternatively interprets the word as a compound of *ov- (“sheep”) + *adъ (“eater, biter”), since warble flies (and related insects) usually attack livestock.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "o-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ovadъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ovada",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ovadi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ovada",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ovadu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ovadъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ovadu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ovadoma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ovadomъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ovadъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ovada",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ovady",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ovadъmь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ovadomь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ovadoma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ovady",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ovadě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ovadu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ovaděxъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ovade",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ovada",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ovadi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "sla-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ovadъ",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "english": "hate, anger",
      "word": "jadъ"
    },
    {
      "english": "eating",
      "word": "ědъ"
    },
    {
      "english": "eater",
      "word": "ědьcь"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Slavic hard masculine o-stem nouns",
        "Proto-Slavic hard o-stem nouns",
        "Proto-Slavic lemmas",
        "Proto-Slavic masculine nouns",
        "Proto-Slavic nouns",
        "Proto-Slavic terms prefixed with *ob-",
        "Slovene quotations with omitted translation",
        "Slovene terms with quotations",
        "sla-pro:Insects"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "biting insect (horsefly/stable fly/gadfly, hornet)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "biting",
          "biting"
        ],
        [
          "insect",
          "insect"
        ],
        [
          "horsefly",
          "horsefly"
        ],
        [
          "stable fly",
          "stable fly"
        ],
        [
          "gadfly",
          "gadfly"
        ],
        [
          "hornet",
          "hornet"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Marko Snoj"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "obadъ"
    },
    {
      "english": "East Slavic",
      "word": "ovodъ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ovadъ"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.