"niuwjan" meaning in All languages combined

See niuwjan on Wiktionary

Verb [Proto-West Germanic]

Etymology: From Proto-Germanic *niwjaną. Equivalent to *niwi (“new”) + *-jan. Etymology templates: {{inh|gmw-pro|gem-pro|*niwjaną}} Proto-Germanic *niwjaną, {{suffix|gmw-pro|*niwi|*-jan|id2=factitive|t1=new}} *niwi (“new”) + *-jan Head templates: {{head|gmw-pro|verb}} *niuwjan Inflection templates: {{gmw-infl-verb-wk1}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], niuwjan [class-1, infinitive, weak], niuwjannjas [class-1, genitive, infinitive, weak], niuwjannjē [class-1, dative, infinitive, weak], niuwjannju [class-1, infinitive, instrumental, weak], niuwju [class-1, first-person, present, singular, weak], niwidā [class-1, first-person, past, singular, weak], niwisi [class-1, present, second-person, singular, weak], niwidēs [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], niwidōs [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], niwiþi [class-1, present, singular, third-person, weak], niwidē [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], niwidā [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], niuwjum [class-1, first-person, plural, present, weak], niwidum [class-1, first-person, past, plural, weak], niwiþ [class-1, plural, present, second-person, weak], niwidud [class-1, past, plural, second-person, weak], niuwjanþ [class-1, plural, present, third-person, weak], niwidun [class-1, past, plural, third-person, weak], niuwjē [class-1, first-person, present, singular, weak], niwidī [class-1, first-person, past, singular, weak], niuwjēs [class-1, present, second-person, singular, weak], niwidī [class-1, past, second-person, singular, weak], niuwjē [class-1, present, singular, third-person, weak], niwidī [class-1, past, singular, third-person, weak], niuwjēm [class-1, first-person, plural, present, weak], niwidīm [class-1, first-person, past, plural, weak], niuwjēþ [class-1, plural, present, second-person, weak], niwidīd [class-1, past, plural, second-person, weak], niuwjēn [class-1, plural, present, third-person, weak], niwidīn [class-1, past, plural, third-person, weak], niwi [class-1, present, singular, weak], niwiþ [class-1, plural, present, weak], niuwjandī [class-1, participle, present, weak], niwid [class-1, participle, past, weak]
  1. to renew, to make new Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-niuwjan-gmw-pro-verb-az4zcDap Categories (other): Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (factitive)

Download JSON data for niuwjan meaning in All languages combined (6.4kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "niuwian"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: niuwian",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: niuwian"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gem-pro",
            "2": "*niwjōną"
          },
          "expansion": "*niwjōną",
          "name": "m"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*niuwjōn"
          },
          "expansion": "*niuwjōn",
          "name": "m"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "nǖwen",
            "3": "nīen",
            "qq": "conflated with <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"gem-pro\">*niwjōną</i>/<i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"gmw-pro\">*niuwjōn</i>"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: nǖwen, nīen (conflated with *niwjōną/*niuwjōn)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: nǖwen, nīen (conflated with *niwjōną/*niuwjōn)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "niuwen"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: niuwen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: niuwen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gem-pro",
            "2": "*niwjōną"
          },
          "expansion": "*niwjōną",
          "name": "m"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*niuwjōn"
          },
          "expansion": "*niuwjōn",
          "name": "m"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "niuwen",
            "qq": "conflated with <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"gem-pro\">*niwjōną</i>/<i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"gmw-pro\">*niuwjōn</i>"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle High German: niuwen (conflated with *niwjōną/*niuwjōn)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle High German: niuwen (conflated with *niwjōną/*niuwjōn)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*niwjaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *niwjaną",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "*niwi",
        "3": "*-jan",
        "id2": "factitive",
        "t1": "new"
      },
      "expansion": "*niwi (“new”) + *-jan",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *niwjaną. Equivalent to *niwi (“new”) + *-jan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niuwjan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niuwjannjas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "genitive",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niuwjannjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "dative",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niuwjannju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "instrumental",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niuwju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niwidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niwisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niwidēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niwidōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niwiþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niwidē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niwidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niuwjum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niwidum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niwiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niwidud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niuwjanþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niwidun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niuwjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niwidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niuwjēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niwidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niuwjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niwidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niuwjēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niwidīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niuwjēþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niwidīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niuwjēn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niwidīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niwi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niwiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niuwjandī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niwid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "*niuwjan",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/niuwjan",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (factitive)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to renew, to make new"
      ],
      "id": "en-niuwjan-gmw-pro-verb-az4zcDap",
      "links": [
        [
          "renew",
          "renew"
        ],
        [
          "make",
          "make"
        ],
        [
          "new",
          "new"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "niuwjan"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "niuwian"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: niuwian",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: niuwian"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gem-pro",
            "2": "*niwjōną"
          },
          "expansion": "*niwjōną",
          "name": "m"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*niuwjōn"
          },
          "expansion": "*niuwjōn",
          "name": "m"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "nǖwen",
            "3": "nīen",
            "qq": "conflated with <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"gem-pro\">*niwjōną</i>/<i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"gmw-pro\">*niuwjōn</i>"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: nǖwen, nīen (conflated with *niwjōną/*niuwjōn)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: nǖwen, nīen (conflated with *niwjōną/*niuwjōn)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "niuwen"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: niuwen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: niuwen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gem-pro",
            "2": "*niwjōną"
          },
          "expansion": "*niwjōną",
          "name": "m"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*niuwjōn"
          },
          "expansion": "*niuwjōn",
          "name": "m"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "niuwen",
            "qq": "conflated with <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"gem-pro\">*niwjōną</i>/<i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"gmw-pro\">*niuwjōn</i>"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle High German: niuwen (conflated with *niwjōną/*niuwjōn)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle High German: niuwen (conflated with *niwjōną/*niuwjōn)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*niwjaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *niwjaną",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "*niwi",
        "3": "*-jan",
        "id2": "factitive",
        "t1": "new"
      },
      "expansion": "*niwi (“new”) + *-jan",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *niwjaną. Equivalent to *niwi (“new”) + *-jan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niuwjan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niuwjannjas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "genitive",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niuwjannjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "dative",
        "infinitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niuwjannju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "infinitive",
        "instrumental",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niuwju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niwidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niwisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niwidēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niwidōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niwiþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niwidē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niwidā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niuwjum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niwidum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niwiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niwidud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niuwjanþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niwidun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niuwjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niwidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niuwjēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niwidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niuwjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niwidī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niuwjēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niwidīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niuwjēþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niwidīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niuwjēn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niwidīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niwi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niwiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niuwjandī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "present",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niwid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class-1",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "*niuwjan",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/niuwjan",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Proto-West Germanic class 1 weak verbs",
        "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
        "Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
        "Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
        "Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (factitive)",
        "Proto-West Germanic verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to renew, to make new"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "renew",
          "renew"
        ],
        [
          "make",
          "make"
        ],
        [
          "new",
          "new"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "niuwjan"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e268c0e and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.